''Acremonium'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
fungi
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...
in the family
Hypocreaceae. It used to be known as ''Cephalosporium''.
Description
''Acremonium''
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
are usually slow-growing and are initially compact and moist. Their
hyphae are fine and
hyaline, and produce mostly simple
phialides. Their
conidia are usually one-celled (i.e.
ameroconidia), hyaline or pigmented, globose to cylindrical, and mostly aggregated in slimy heads at the
apex of each phialide.
''
Epichloë'' species are closely related and were once included in ''Acremonium'',
but were later split off into a new genus ''
Neotyphodium'',
which has now been restructured within the genus ''
Epichloë''.
Clinical significance
The genus ''Acremonium'' contains about 100 species, of which most are
saprophytic, being isolated from dead plant material and soil. Many species are recognized as opportunistic pathogens of human and animals, causing
eumycetoma,
onychomycosis, and
hyalohyphomycosis. Infections of humans by fungi of this genus are rare, but clinical manifestations of hyalohyphomycosis caused by ''Acremonium'' may include
arthritis,
osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis (OM) is the infectious inflammation of bone marrow. Symptoms may include pain in a specific bone with overlying redness, fever, and weakness. The feet, spine, and hips are the most commonly involved bones in adults.
The cause is ...
,
peritonitis,
endocarditis,
pneumonia,
cerebritis, and
subcutaneous infection.
The
cephalosporins, a class of
β-lactam antibiotics, were derived from ''Acremonium''. It was first isolated as an antibiotic by the Italian pharmacologist
Giuseppe Brotzu in 1948.
Some species in the genus ''Acermonium'', such as
Acremonium egyptiacum, can produce the
meroterpenoids Ascofuranone and Ascochlorin, which have promising capabilities as antibiotics.
Species
* ''
Acremonium acutatum''
* ''
Acremonium alabamense''
* ''
Acremonium alcalophilum''
* ''
Acremonium alternatum''
* ''
Acremonium antarcticum''
* ''
Acremonium apii''
* ''
Acremonium arxii''
* ''
Acremonium atrogriseum''
* ''
Acremonium bacillisporum''
* ''
Acremonium bactrocephalum''
* ''
Acremonium biseptum''
* ''
Acremonium blochii''
* ''
Acremonium borodinense''
* ''
Acremonium brachypenium''
* ''
Acremonium breve
''Acremonium'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae. It used to be known as ''Cephalosporium''.
Description
''Acremonium'' species are usually slow-growing and are initially compact and moist. Their hyphae are fine and hyaline, and pr ...
''
* ''
Acremonium brunnescens''
* ''
Acremonium byssoides''
* ''
Acremonium camptosporum''
* ''
Acremonium cavaraeanum''
* ''
Acremonium charticola''
* ''
Acremonium chilense''
* ''
Acremonium chrysogenum''
* ''
Acremonium crotocinigenum''
* ''
Acremonium cucurbitacearum''
* ''
Acremonium curvulum''
* ''
Acremonium cymosum''
* ''
Acremonium dichromosporum''
* ''
Acremonium diospyri''
* ''
Acremonium domschii''
* ''
Acremonium egyptiacum''
* ''
Acremonium exiguum''
* ''
Acremonium falciforme''
* ''
Acremonium flavum''
* ''
Acremonium furcatum''
* ''
Acremonium fusidioides''
* ''
Acremonium fusisporum''
* ''
Acremonium gamsii''
* ''
Acremonium glaucum
''Acremonium'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae. It used to be known as ''Cephalosporium''.
Description
''Acremonium'' species are usually slow-growing and are initially compact and moist. Their hyphae are fine and hyaline, and ...
''
* ''
Acremonium guillematii''
* ''
Acremonium hansfordii''
* ''
Acremonium hennebertii''
* ''
Acremonium hyalinulum''
* ''
Acremonium hypholomatis''
* ''
Acremonium implicatum''
* ''
Acremonium incoloratum''
* ''
Acremonium incrustatum''
* ''
Acremonium isabellae''
* ''
Acremonium kiliense''
* ''
Acremonium lichenicola''
* ''
Acremonium lindtneri''
* ''
Acremonium lolii''
* ''
Acremonium longisporum''
* ''
Acremonium masseei''
* ''
Acremonium minutisporum''
* ''
Acremonium nectrioidea''
* ''
Acremonium nepalense''
* ''
Acremonium nigrosclerotium''
* ''
Acremonium ochraceum''
* ''
Acremonium olidum''
* ''
Acremonium persicinum''
* ''
Acremonium pinkertoniae''
* ''
Acremonium polychromum''
* ''
Acremonium potronii''
* ''
Acremonium psammosporum''
* ''
Acremonium pseudozeylanicum''
* ''
Acremonium psychrophilum''
* ''
Acremonium pteridii''
* ''
Acremonium radiatum''
* ''
Acremonium recifei''
* ''
Acremonium restrictum''
* ''
Acremonium rhabdosporum''
* ''
Acremonium roseogriseum''
* ''
Acremonium roseolum''
* ''
Acremonium rutilum''
* ''
Acremonium salmoneum''
* ''
Acremonium sclerotigenum''
* ''
Acremonium sordidulum''
* ''
Acremonium spicatum''
* ''
Acremonium spinosum''
* ''
Acremonium strictum''
* ''
Acremonium stromaticum''
* ''
Acremonium tectonae''
* ''
Acremonium thermophilum''
* ''
Acremonium tsugae''
* ''
Acremonium tubakii''
* ''
Acremonium typhinum''
* ''
Acremonium uncinatum''
* ''
Acremonium verruculosum''
* ''
Acremonium vitellinum''
* ''
Acremonium zeae''
* ''
Acremonium zeylanicum''
* ''
Acremonium zonatum''
See also
* ''
Chaetomium
''Chaetomium'' is a genus of fungi in the Chaetomiaceae family. It is a dematiaceous (dark-walled) Mold (fungus), mold normally found in soil, air, cellulose and plant debris. According to the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (10th edition, 2008), th ...
''
* ''
Epichloë''
References
External links
Hyaline Hyphomycetes
{{Authority control
Sordariomycetes genera
Hypocreaceae