The 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves included severe

heat wave A heat wave or heatwave, sometimes described as extreme heat, is a period of abnormally hot weather generally considered to be at least ''five consecutive days''. A heat wave is usually measured relative to the usual climate in the area and ...

s that impacted most of the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th ...

Mongolia Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and southeast. It covers an area of , with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by po ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

Hong Kong Hong Kong)., Legally Hong Kong, China in international treaties and organizations. is a special administrative region of China. With 7.5 million residents in a territory, Hong Kong is the fourth most densely populated region in the wor ...

North Africa North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region. However, it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of t ...

and the European continent as a whole, along with parts of

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

Indochina Mainland Southeast Asia (historically known as Indochina and the Indochinese Peninsula) is the continental portion of Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Indian subcontinent and south of Mainland China and is bordered by the Indian Ocean to th ...

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ...

and

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

during July 29, 2010. The first phase of the global heatwaves was caused by a moderate

El Niño EL, El or el may refer to: Arts and entertainment Fictional entities * El, a character from the manga series ''Shugo Chara!'' by Peach-Pit * Eleven (''Stranger Things'') (El), a fictional character in the TV series ''Stranger Things'' * El, fami ...

event, which lasted from June 2009 to May 2010. This lasted only from April 2010 to June 2010 and caused only moderate above-average temperatures in the affected regions, but it also set new record high temperatures for most of the area affected in the

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined by humans as being in the same celestial sphere, celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the Solar ...

. The second, more devastating phase was caused by a very strong

La Niña LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second most populous city in the United States of America. La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music *La (musical note), or A, the sixth note *"L.A.", a song by Elliott Smit ...

event, which lasted from June 2010 to June 2011. According to meteorologists, the 2010–11 La Niña event was one of the strongest La Niña events ever observed. That same La Niña event also had devastating effects in the

Eastern states of Australia The eastern states of Australia are the states adjoining the east continental coastline of Australia. These are the mainland states of Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland, and the island An island or isle is a piece of land, dist ...

. The second phase lasted from June 2010 to October 2010, caused severe heat waves, and multiple record-breaking temperatures. The heatwaves began in April 2010, when strong

anticyclones A high-pressure area, high, or anticyclone, is an area near the surface of a planet where the atmospheric pressure is greater than the pressure in the surrounding regions. Highs are middle-scale meteorological features that result from interpl ...

began to develop, over most of the affected regions, in the Northern Hemisphere. The heatwaves ended in October 2010, when the powerful anticyclones over most of the affected areas dissipated. The heat wave during the summer of 2010 was at its worst in June, over the

Eastern United States The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It includes 17–26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital. As of 2011, the Eastern ...

, Middle East, Eastern Europe and European Russia, and over Northeastern China and southeastern Russia. June 2010 marked the fourth consecutive warmest month on record globally, at 0.66 °C (1.2 °F) above average, while the period April–June was the warmest ever recorded for land areas in the

, at 1.25 °C (2.25 °F) above average. The previous record for the global average temperature in June was set in 2005 at , and the previous warm record for April–June over Northern Hemisphere land areas was , set in 2007. The strongest of the anticyclones, the one situated over

Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ...

, registered a maximum high pressure of 1040 millibars. The weather caused forest fires in China, where three in a team of 300 died fighting a fire that broke out in the

Binchuan Binchuan County (; Bai: ) is a county in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture located in the west of Yunnan Province, China. It borders Dayao County to the east, Xiangyun County to the south, Dali City to the west, and Heqing County and Yongshe ...

County of

Dali Dali or DALI may refer to: Art and popular culture * Dali, a location in ''Final Fantasy IX'' * ''Dali'' (Dalida album) (1984) * ''Dali'' (Ali Project album) (1994) * Espace Dalí, Salvador Dalí's permanent exhibition in France Religion ...

, as Yunnan suffered the worst drought in 60 years by February 17. A major drought was reported across the

Sahel The Sahel region (; ), or Sahelian acacia savanna, is a Biogeography, biogeographical region in Africa. It is the Ecotone, transition zone between the more humid Sudanian savannas to its south and the drier Sahara to the north. The Sahel has a ...

as early as January. In August, a section of the

Petermann Glacier Petermann Glacier () is a large glacier located in North-West Greenland to the east of Nares Strait. It connects the Greenland ice sheet to the Arctic Ocean at 81°10' north latitude, near Hans Island. The glacier and its fjord are named after Ge ...

tongue connecting northern

Greenland Greenland is an autonomous territory in the Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark. It is by far the largest geographically of three constituent parts of the kingdom; the other two are metropolitan Denmark and the Faroe Islands. Citizens of Greenlan ...

, the

Nares Strait Nares Strait (; ) is a waterway between Ellesmere Island and Greenland that connects the northern part of Baffin Bay in the Atlantic Ocean with the Lincoln Sea in the Arctic Ocean. From south to north, the strait includes Smith Sound, Kane Basi ...

and the

Arctic Ocean The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five oceanic divisions. It spans an area of approximately and is the coldest of the world's oceans. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, ...

broke off, the biggest ice shelf in the Arctic to detach in 48 years. By the time the heatwaves had ended in late October 2010, about $500 billion (2011 USD) of damage was done, in the Northern Hemisphere alone. More than 55,000 people died during the heat wave in Russia, making it the 6th deadliest natural disaster of its decade, only months after the

2010 Haiti earthquake The 2010 Haiti earthquake was a catastrophic Moment magnitude scale, magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake that struck Haiti at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC) on Tuesday, 12 January 2010. The epicenter was near the town of Léogâne, Ouest (departm ...

. The

World Meteorological Organization The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for promoting international cooperation on atmospheric science, climatology, hydrology an ...

stated that the heat waves, droughts and flooding events fit with

predictions A prediction (Latin ''præ-'', "before," and ''dictum'', "something said") or forecast is a statement about a future event or about future data. Predictions are often, but not always, based upon experience or knowledge of forecasters. There ...

based on

global warming Present-day climate change includes both global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its wider effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes ...

for the 21st century, include those based on the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is an intergovernmental body of the United Nations. Its job is to "provide governments at all levels with scientific information that they can use to develop climate policies". The World Met ...

's 2007 4th Assessment Report. Some climatologists argue that these weather events would not have happened if the

atmospheric carbon dioxide In Earth's atmosphere, carbon dioxide is a trace gas that plays an integral part in the greenhouse effect, carbon cycle, photosynthesis and oceanic carbon cycle. It is one of three main greenhouse gases in the atmosphere of Earth. The concen ...

was at pre-industrial levels. JournalistsResource.org, retrieved August 21, 2012.

Events

Europe

Europe in general

A heat wave hit Eastern Europe as exceptionally strong

jet stream Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow thermal wind, air currents in the Earth's Atmosphere of Earth, atmosphere. The main jet streams are located near the altitude of the tropopause and are westerly winds, flowing west to east around the gl ...

winds blew in from the

Sahara The Sahara (, ) is a desert spanning across North Africa. With an area of , it is the largest hot desert in the world and the list of deserts by area, third-largest desert overall, smaller only than the deserts of Antarctica and the northern Ar ...

across the

Balkans The Balkans ( , ), corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throug ...

and into both

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

and

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

on June 10. The Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW) warned of temperatures in Poland exceeding for the next 5 days, followed by heavy winds, rain storms, thunderstorms and possible flooding especially in the north-west of the country and neighbouring parts of Germany. The period between June 13 and 19 saw a low pressure zone move south eastwards taking a shallow pool of cooler air south eastwards across from the

North Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for ...

into

Ireland Ireland (, ; ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Irelan ...

and most of the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

. As the floods eased in

Central Europe Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern Europe, Eastern, Southern Europe, Southern, Western Europe, Western and Northern Europe, Northern Europe. Central Europe is known for its cultural diversity; however, countries in ...

and the

, apart from those in Romania, temperatures began to climb across

Western Europe Western Europe is the western region of Europe. The region's extent varies depending on context. The concept of "the West" appeared in Europe in juxtaposition to "the East" and originally applied to the Western half of the ancient Mediterranean ...

, including

Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt am Main () is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the List of cities in Germany by population, fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located in the forela ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

and the United Kingdom on June 30. On July 2,

Brussels Brussels, officially the Brussels-Capital Region, (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) is a Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium#Regions, region of Belgium comprising #Municipalit ...

saw its hottest day since 1976 and France, Germany and the Spanish resort

Benidorm Benidorm ( , , ) is a municipality in the province of Alicante, Valencian Community, on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. Known as the “New York City, New York of the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean”, Benidorm has been a tourist destinatio ...

experienced record temperatures. Several heavy thunderstorms hit the Low

Swiss Alps The Alps, Alpine region of Switzerland, conventionally referred to as the Swiss Alps, represents a major natural feature of the country and is, along with the Swiss Plateau and the Swiss portion of the Jura Mountains, one of its three main Physica ...

, accompanied by heavy sleet in some places. On July 3, a heat wave hit parts of

Ryazan Oblast Ryazan Oblast (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Ryazan, which is also the oblast's largest city. Geography Ryazan Oblast ...

Krasnodar Krai Krasnodar Krai (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia and is administratively a part of the Southern Federal District. Its administrative center is the t ...

, and the cities of

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ) is the capital and largest city of Romania. The metropolis stands on the River Dâmbovița (river), Dâmbovița in south-eastern Romania. Its population is officially estimated at 1.76 million residents within a greater Buc ...

and

Budapest Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...

, killing a

Romanian Romanian may refer to: *anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania **Romanians, an ethnic group **Romanian language, a Romance language ***Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language **Romanian cuisine, traditional ...

man with heat stroke. Heavy thunderstorms hit the High

, accompanied by heavy snow in some places. On July 6, 3

low pressure In meteorology, a low-pressure area (LPA), low area or low is a region where the atmospheric pressure is lower than that of surrounding locations. It is the opposite of a high-pressure area. Low-pressure areas are commonly associated with inclem ...

areas moved towards and settled near the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bound ...

after a week a

high pressure In science and engineering the study of high pressure examines its effects on materials and the design and construction of devices, such as a diamond anvil cell, which can create high pressure. ''High pressure'' usually means pressures of thousan ...

in the region's

far northward in its trek through Europe. The

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA ) is an American scientific and regulatory agency charged with Weather forecasting, forecasting weather, monitoring oceanic and atmospheric conditions, Hydrography, charting the seas, ...

's GFS

numerical model Computer simulation is the running of a mathematical model on a computer, the model being designed to represent the behaviour of, or the outcome of, a real-world or physical system. The reliability of some mathematical models can be determin ...

predicted the same

weather Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloud cover, cloudy. On Earth, most weather phenomena occur in the lowest layer of the planet's atmo ...

for the following week. A meteorological synoptic pressure corridor ran from Germany and Poland east and northeast to western and north western Russia causing temperatures that were 4 °C, 8 °C and in one case 10 °C above the seasonal norm. Cities from

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

and

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

Kyiv Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

Minsk Minsk (, ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administra ...

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

and

St. Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. The city had a population of 5,601, ...

may well reach the 33 °C to 35 °C range. Berlin and Warsaw recorded temperatures of 33 °C, while highs of nearly 34 °C in Moscow broke records. Earlier in June, temperatures in Minsk hit 30 °C, while temperatures as high as 34 °C were observed in Kyiv. By July 8, a major

hit most of

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

, European

and

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South Ameri ...

. Both the

French French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), ...

and Belgian authorities were on alert to respond to possible incidences of heat-related illnesses following the death of a Frenchman in the north of the country due to heat exhaustion.

saw its next hottest day since 1976, while

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...

and

experienced record high temperatures.

Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...

Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics The Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics (, ZAMG) is the national meteorological and geophysical service of Austria. It is a subordinate agency of the Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research. The ZAMG headquarters ar ...

(ZAMG) issued public safety warnings on the 8th as it predicted temperatures as high as by the weekend. The centre expected similar conditions continuing into the beginning of next week, where it would end in a heavy

Alpine Alpine may refer to any mountainous region. It may also refer to: Places Europe * Alps, a European mountain range ** Alpine states, which overlap with the European range Australia * Alpine, New South Wales, a Northern Village * Alpine National P ...

downpour. The Swiss Meteorological Office reported that a record 34.8C was set in

Basel Basel ( ; ), also known as Basle ( ), ; ; ; . is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine (at the transition from the High Rhine, High to the Upper Rhine). Basel is Switzerland's List of cities in Switzerland, third-most-populo ...

and warned of both forest fires in the persistently

drought A drought is a period of drier-than-normal conditions.Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, ...

-hit southern canton of

Valais Valais ( , ; ), more formally, the Canton of Valais or Wallis, is one of the cantons of Switzerland, 26 cantons forming the Switzerland, Swiss Confederation. It is composed of thirteen districts and its capital and largest city is Sion, Switzer ...

. The Swiss Health Office offered the public safety advice. The

ozone Ozone () (or trioxygen) is an Inorganic compound, inorganic molecule with the chemical formula . It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope , break ...

level rose badly and was more than twice the permitted level at 257 microgrammes per cubic metre in

Lugano Lugano ( , , ; ) is a city and municipality within the Lugano District in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. It is the largest city in both Ticino and the Italian-speaking region of southern Switzerland. Lugano has a population () of , and an u ...

on Friday, and things were in a generally bad condition across the

as a whole. Extreme heat and ozone levels were also harming tourists at the

Gotthard Road Tunnel The Gotthard Road Tunnel in Switzerland runs from Göschenen in the canton of Uri at its northern portal, to Airolo in Ticino to the south, and is in length below the St Gotthard Pass, a major pass of the Alps. At time of construction, in ...

on the 8th and 9th. The Swiss Ornithological Institute, based in

Sempach Sempach is a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the district of Sursee (Amt), Sursee in the Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Lucerne (canton), Lucerne in Switzerland. History It has retained some traces of its medieval appearance, ...

, said young

swifts Swift or SWIFT most commonly refers to: * SWIFT, an international organization facilitating transactions between banks ** SWIFT code * Swift (programming language) * Swift (bird), a family of birds It may also refer to: Organizations * SWIFT, a ...

were stifling to death and others were jumping out before they could fly properly, as temperatures reached in their under the roof nests. Most of them lived at the institute care home. A heavy

rain Rain is a form of precipitation where water drop (liquid), droplets that have condensation, condensed from Water vapor#In Earth's atmosphere, atmospheric water vapor fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is res ...

thunderstorm A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm or a lightning storm, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustics, acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder. Relatively weak thunderstorm ...

hit

Zürich Zurich (; ) is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich. , the municipality had 448,664 inhabitants. The ...

on the 10th and the Swiss-French border. They also threatened to close the

Avoriaz Avoriaz (, ) is a French mountain resort in the Portes du Soleil in the French commune of Morzine, on a shelf above the town of Morzine. Cars are forbidden in Avoriaz; transport includes horse-drawn sleighs and snowcats during winter. One ...

stage of the

Tour de France The Tour de France () is an annual men's multiple-stage cycle sport, bicycle race held primarily in France. It is the oldest and most prestigious of the three Grand Tour (cycling), Grand Tours, which include the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a ...

cycle race. The UK declared a heat wave, set at

Met Office The Met Office, until November 2000 officially the Meteorological Office, is the United Kingdom's national weather and climate service. It is an executive agency and trading fund of the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology and ...

Level 2/4, for the period 9–16 July 2010 for South East England and

East Anglia East Anglia is an area of the East of England, often defined as including the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, with parts of Essex sometimes also included. The name derives from the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the East Angles, ...

. This was after temperatures reached in

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

and night-time temperatures leveled around . The UK recorded its highest temperature of the year, , in

Gravesend, Kent Gravesend is a town in northwest Kent, England, situated 21 miles (35 km) east-southeast of Charing Cross (central London) on the Bank (geography), south bank of the River Thames, opposite Tilbury in Essex. Located in the diocese of Roche ...

, as the British

Health Protection Agency The Health Protection Agency (HPA) was a non-departmental public body in England. It was set up by the UK government in 2003 to protect the public from threats to their health from infectious diseases and environmental hazards. The HPA's role w ...

gave out health advice and claimed there had been "several hundred" more deaths than normal over the previous two weeks and some appeared to be linked to the heat on the 11th. July 11 and 12 saw heatstroke make several people ill throughout the

Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula ( ), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe. Mostly separated from the rest of the European landmass by the Pyrenees, it includes the territories of peninsular Spain and Continental Portugal, comprisin ...

European Russia European Russia is the western and most populated part of the Russia, Russian Federation. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the country's sparsely populated and vastly larger eastern part, Siberia, which is situated in Asia ...

Belarus Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Belarus spans an a ...

, eastern

and

. The heat wave that left

Morocco Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocc ...

for the

on the 11th was attributed to the regional hot air currents that departed from the

Northern Africa North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region. However, it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of t ...

at about 1000 meters (1 km) in

altitude Altitude is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum (geodesy), datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context (e.g., aviation, geometr ...

, which facilitated a movement in the hot air towards the

and

via the

Straits of Gibraltar The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa. The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Fe ...

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

and

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

. On July 11, temperatures skyrocketed in

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , ; ; ) is the capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It has a population of 933,680 in June 2024 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the City Re ...

Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...

Lisbon Lisbon ( ; ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 567,131, as of 2023, within its administrative limits and 3,028,000 within the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, metropolis, as of 2025. Lisbon is mainlan ...

Zurich Zurich (; ) is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich. , the municipality had 448,664 inhabitants. The ...

and

. More heavy thunderstorms hit the High

, accompanied by heavy snow in some places. Forty passengers were hospitalised with dehydration in

when 3

ICE Ice is water that is frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 0 ° C, 32 ° F, or 273.15 K. It occurs naturally on Earth, on other planets, in Oort cloud objects, and as interstellar ice. As a naturally oc ...

trains'

air conditioning Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK), is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature, and in some cases, also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air c ...

system broke down in temperatures approaching 40 °C on the 11th. One thousand luckier passengers switched trains.

Deutsche Bahn (, ; abbreviated as DB or DB AG ) is the national railway company of Germany, and a state-owned enterprise under the control of the German government. Headquartered in the Bahntower in Berlin, it is a joint-stock company ( AG). DB was fou ...

apologized for its ICE trains breaking down. Hartmut Buyken, chairman of passenger association Pro Bahn, told radio station hr-INFO that the trains were ruined by cost-cutting measures, and weren't selling as well in international markets as the French

TGV The TGV (; , , 'high-speed train') is France's intercity high-speed rail service. With commercial operating speeds of up to on the newer lines, the TGV was conceived at the same period as other technological projects such as the Ariane 1 rocke ...

trains.

On the 12th,

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland, and Wales. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the List of European ...

Belgium Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as the Low Countries, it is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeas ...

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

, and the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

all suffered the hottest temperatures of the year, and the heat wave was most likely to continue over the weekend, according to German meteorologists. Most of Germany, including

, recorded temperatures of in some places. On the popular North Sea island of

Helgoland Heligoland (; , ; Heligolandic Frisian: , , Mooring Frisian: , ) is a small archipelago in the North Sea. The islands were historically possessions of Denmark, then became possessions of the United Kingdom from 1807 to 1890. Since 1890, the ...

, the temperature was only 20.5 degrees. In Berlin, the highest temperature was recorded at as 3 more non-

air conditioned Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK), is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature, and in some cases, also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air c ...

local passengers trains had to be evacuated due to overheating of the interior passenger compartments, leading to passengers getting

heat stroke Heat stroke or heatstroke, also known as sun-stroke, is a severe heat illness that results in a body temperature greater than , along with red skin, headache, dizziness, and confusion. Sweating is generally present in exertional heatstro ...

Deutsche Welle (; "German Wave"), commonly shortened to DW (), is a German state-funded television network, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the Federal Government of Germany. The service is available in 32 languages. DW's satellite tele ...

reported. Hans-Dieter Muehlenberg, chief of a local rescue squad in Berlin told the German

news agency A news agency is an organization that gathers news reports and sells them to subscribing news organizations, such as newspapers, magazines and All-news radio, radio and News broadcasting, television Broadcasting, broadcasters. A news agency ma ...

DAPD he had found the temperature in a local train had reached and that nine people had to be hospitalized for dehydration. Later on, official reports from the rescue squad denied that 9 people reported dead had died and that the air conditioning systems fail to cool the trains in temperatures over . Deutsche Bahn paid 500 Euros for the heat victims without a doctors note. According to the

German Meteorological Service The () or DWD for short, is the German Meteorological Service, based in Offenbach am Main, Germany, which monitors weather and meteorology, meteorological conditions over Germany and provides weather services for the general public and for nau ...

(DWD), the soaring temperatures were set to last for a week. Belgian authorities were worried about water shortages as a result of both the hot weather and lack of rain. The water authorities in the eastern town of Bullange warned that several water sources have dried up. The Belgian interior ministry said that three other communes in the southeast of the country have also appealed for emergency water supplies. The Czech Republic exceeded for the third day running, as

doctor Doctor, Doctors, The Doctor or The Doctors may refer to: Titles and occupations * Physician, a medical practitioner * Doctor (title), an academic title for the holder of a doctoral-level degree ** Doctorate ** List of doctoral degrees awarded b ...

s in the

issued safety advice according to the

Voice of Russia Voice of Russia (), commonly abbreviated VOR, was the Russian government's international radio broadcasting service from 1993 until 2014, when it was reorganised as Radio Sputnik. Its interval signal was a chime version of 'Majestic' chorus from ...

. High temperatures were also occurring in parts of

Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...

and around the

. The heat wave begins to end as heavy rain hits the

Swansea Swansea ( ; ) is a coastal City status in the United Kingdom, city and the List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, second-largest city of Wales. It forms a Principal areas of Wales, principal area, officially known as the City and County of ...

Port Talbot Port Talbot (, ) is a town and community (Wales), community in the county borough of Neath Port Talbot, Wales, situated on the east side of Swansea Bay, approximately from Swansea. The Port Talbot Steelworks covers a large area of land which d ...

region of

Wales Wales ( ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by the Irish Sea to the north and west, England to the England–Wales border, east, the Bristol Channel to the south, and the Celtic ...

Devon Devon ( ; historically also known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is bordered by the Bristol Channel to the north, Somerset and Dorset to the east, the English Channel to the south, and Cornwall to the west ...

, central

and parts of eastern

. Both

and

North Sea The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Denmark, Norway, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. A sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Se ...

thunderstorms sweep across southeast and northwest

respectively. Heavy rainfall is also reported in parts of the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

Normandy Normandy (; or ) is a geographical and cultural region in northwestern Europe, roughly coextensive with the historical Duchy of Normandy. Normandy comprises Normandy (administrative region), mainland Normandy (a part of France) and insular N ...

and the

English Midlands The Midlands is the central region of England, to the south of Northern England, to the north of southern England, to the east of Wales, and to the west of the North Sea. The Midlands comprises the ceremonial counties of Derbyshire, Herefordshi ...

on the 13th. Both melting

glacier A glacier (; or ) is a persistent body of dense ice, a form of rock, that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires ...

s and heavy

in the

Alps The Alps () are some of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia. ...

caused avalanches and flash floods in Switzerland. A nationwide near-record temperature of was recorded in parts of

Sion Sion may refer to * an alternative transliteration of Zion People * Sion (name) or Siôn, a Welsh and other given name and surname, including a list of people and fictional characters with the name * Shion or Sion, a Japanese given name Plac ...

Canton, south west

Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...

on the 13th.

Thunderstorms A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm or a lightning storm, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder. Relatively weak thunderstorms are som ...

hit the

Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...

Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ; ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It has been #Descriptions, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares Repub ...

and parts of the

. The heat wave ended in the

British Isles The British Isles are an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean off the north-western coast of continental Europe, consisting of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man, the Inner Hebrides, Inner and Outer Hebr ...

and Northwest Europe on the 14th. July 16 saw the heat wave peak in intensity throughout

, the

Vatican Vatican may refer to: Geography * Vatican City, an independent city-state surrounded by Rome, Italy * Vatican Hill, in Rome, namesake of Vatican City * Ager Vaticanus, an alluvial plain in Rome * Vatican, an unincorporated community in the ...

San Marino San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino, is a landlocked country in Southern Europe, completely surrounded by Italy. Located on the northeastern slopes of the Apennine Mountains, it is the larger of two European microstates, microsta ...

and

Malta Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea, between Sicily and North Africa. It consists of an archipelago south of Italy, east of Tunisia, and north of Libya. The two ...

. The Civil Protection Board issued a heat warning for the 16th and 17th. The cities of

Bolzano Bolzano ( ; ; or ) is the capital city of South Tyrol (officially the province of Bolzano), Northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third largest in historical Tyrol. The ...

Brescia Brescia (, ; ; or ; ) is a city and (municipality) in the region of Lombardy, in Italy. It is situated at the foot of the Alps, a few kilometers from the lakes Lake Garda, Garda and Lake Iseo, Iseo. With a population of 199,949, it is the se ...

Florence Florence ( ; ) is the capital city of the Italy, Italian region of Tuscany. It is also the most populated city in Tuscany, with 362,353 inhabitants, and 989,460 in Metropolitan City of Florence, its metropolitan province as of 2025. Florence ...

Genoa Genoa ( ; ; ) is a city in and the capital of the Italian region of Liguria, and the sixth-largest city in Italy. As of 2025, 563,947 people live within the city's administrative limits. While its metropolitan city has 818,651 inhabitan ...

Milan Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...

Perugia Perugia ( , ; ; ) is the capital city of Umbria in central Italy, crossed by the River Tiber. The city is located about north of Rome and southeast of Florence. It covers a high hilltop and part of the valleys around the area. It has 162,467 ...

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

Turin Turin ( , ; ; , then ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is main ...

Trieste Trieste ( , ; ) is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is the capital and largest city of the Regions of Italy#Autonomous regions with special statute, autonomous region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, as well as of the Province of Trieste, ...

Venice Venice ( ; ; , formerly ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 islands that are separated by expanses of open water and by canals; portions of the city are li ...

Campobasso Campobasso (, ; ) is a city and ''comune'' in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Molise and of the province of Campobasso. It is located in the high basin of the Biferno river, surrounded by Sannio and Matese mountains. Campobas ...

Civitavecchia Civitavecchia (, meaning "ancient town") is a city and major Port, sea port on the Tyrrhenian Sea west-northwest of Rome. Its legal status is a ''comune'' (municipality) of Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Rome, Lazio. The harbour is formed by ...

Frosinone Frosinone (; local dialect: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Italian region of Lazio, administrative seat of the province of Frosinone. It is about southeast of Rome, close to the Rome-Naples A1 Motorway. The city is the main city of th ...

Latina Latina or Latinas most often refers to: * Latinas, a demographic group in the United States * Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America. *Latin Americans Latina and Latinas may also refer ...

Messina Messina ( , ; ; ; ) is a harbour city and the capital city, capital of the Italian Metropolitan City of Messina. It is the third largest city on the island of Sicily, and the 13th largest city in Italy, with a population of 216,918 inhabitants ...

Rieti Rieti (; , Sabino: ) is a town and ''comune'' in Lazio, central Italy, with a population of 47,700. It is the administrative seat of the province of Rieti and see of the diocese of Rieti, as well as the modern capital of the Sabina region. T ...

Verona Verona ( ; ; or ) is a city on the Adige, River Adige in Veneto, Italy, with 255,131 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region, and is the largest city Comune, municipality in the region and in Northeast Italy, nor ...

and

Viterbo Viterbo (; Central Italian, Viterbese: ; ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) in the Lazio region of Italy, the Capital city, capital of the province of Viterbo. It conquered and absorbed the neighboring town of Ferento (see Ferentium) in ...

. are at the maximum level 3 heat alert, and that on the 17th 3 cities in

South Tyrol South Tyrol ( , ; ; ), officially the Autonomous Province of Bolzano – South Tyrol, is an autonomous administrative division, autonomous provinces of Italy, province in northern Italy. Together with Trentino, South Tyrol forms the autonomo ...

(which has the highest temperatures for 90 years) will also be affected. The

Health Minister A health minister is the member of a country's government typically responsible for protecting and promoting public health and providing welfare spending and other social security services. Some governments have separate ministers for mental heal ...

Ferruccio Fazio told the Health and Social Services of the regions, General Practitioners (MMG) and local Prefects to take emergency measures.

Foggia Foggia (, ; ; ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) of Apulia, in Southern Italy, capital of the province of Foggia. In 2013, its population was 153,143. Foggia is the main city of a plain called Tavoliere delle Puglie, Tavoliere, also know ...

's town council gave free meals to those over age 65 due to temperatures of and

had issued over 200,000 bottles water to its people over three days. Heavy storms hit

on July 16 and 17, ending the week-long heat wave in

. New heat record of

Finland Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, ...

was recorded at

Joensuu Joensuu (; ; ) is a city in Finland and the regional capital of North Karelia. It is located in the eastern interior of the country and in the Finnish Lakeland. The population of Joensuu is approximately , while the sub-region has a population ...

on 29 July when temperature rose to . In

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...

, temperatures were above the average maximum temperature, with

Stockholm Stockholm (; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, most populous city of Sweden, as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in the Nordic countries. Approximately ...

seeing temperatures of 32.5 degrees Celsius according to the Swedish Meteorogical Institute SMHI. The

n high temperature record dating back to 1940 was beaten on 12 July, when Utta in the Kalmykian Republic, registered . The highest temperature at a non-automated station was in

Yashkul Yashkul (, , ''Yaşkuľ'') is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Yashkulsky District of the Republic of Kalmykia, Russia. Population: Climate Yashkul has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification ...

, Kalmykia, also beating the previous record. The record for Asian Russia was also beaten: was recorded in Ust-Karsk on 27 June, beating the record of set in

Belogorsk, Amur Oblast Belogorsk () is a town in Amur Oblast, Russia, located on the river Tom, a tributary of the Zeya. Population: 53,000 (1969); 34,000 (1939). The town was previously known as ''Alexandrovskoye'' (until 1926), ''Alexandrovsk'' (until 1931), ...

, two days earlier.

Poland

A heat wave hit

Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a subregion of the Europe, European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural and socio-economic connotations. Its eastern boundary is marked by the Ural Mountain ...

as exceptionally strong

winds blew in from the

across the

and into both

and

on 10 June. The Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW) warned of temperature in Poland exceeding for the next 5 days, followed by heavy

wind Wind is the natural movement of atmosphere of Earth, air or other gases relative to a planetary surface, planet's surface. Winds occur on a range of scales, from thunderstorm flows lasting tens of minutes, to local breezes generated by heatin ...

rain storm Rain is a form of precipitation where water droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth. ...

s, thunderstorms and possible flooding especially in the northwest of the country and neighbouring parts of Germany.

The Iberian Peninsula

A Portuguese man also died on the 7th, in Villar del Rey,

Badajoz Badajoz is the capital of the Province of Badajoz in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. It is situated close to the Portugal, Portuguese Portugal–Spain border, border, on the left bank of the river ...

. Two Spaniards died of

as temperature hovered around 33 °C-35 °C in central Spain on July 9. One victim was in Central Spain and the other was in

Sevilla Seville ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the River Guadalquivir, in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Seville ...

. The woman from Sevilla had been admitted to the local Virgen Macarena Hospital said the woman had also had

multi-organ failure Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is altered organ function in an acutely ill patient requiring immediate medical intervention. There are different stages of organ dysfunction for certain different organs, both in acute and in chronic o ...

. On July 11, temperatures skyrocketed in

and

. More heavy thunderstorms hit the High

, accompanied by heavy snow in some places. Temperatures in the

climbed to an average of 43 °C as Spain witnessed temperatures up to 44 °C as the three-week-old heat wave continued;

's temperatures climbed to . On the 12th,

, and the

all suffered the hottest temperatures of the year, and the heat wave was most likely to continue over the weekend, according to German meteorologists.

suffered three deaths, including that of an 80-year-old man. The national meteorological agency,

Aemet The State Meteorological Agency (, AEMET) is a state agency of the Government of Spain responsible for providing weather forecast, warnings of hazardous weather and assisting the administrations in such matters. The AEMET is part of the Secretari ...

, warned of exceptionally warm central and southern Spain, with temperatures over the next few days reaching 39 °C in some areas. More than 1,200 fire-fighters fought 25 forest fires in northern

on July 24 Temperatures of up to hit the Portuguese town at Pataias on the 27th. All of Rebordelo,

Santa Maria da Feira Santa Maria da Feira () is a city and a concelho, municipality in Aveiro District in Portugal, 23 km from central Porto. The population in 2011 was 139,309,Aveiro,

Braga Braga (; ) is a cities of Portugal, city and a Municipalities of Portugal, municipality, capital of the northwestern Portugal, Portuguese Braga (district), district of Braga and of the historical and cultural Minho Province. Braga Municipality ...

, Sobradelo da Goma, Povoa de Lanhoso,

Porto Porto (), also known in English language, English as Oporto, is the List of cities in Portugal, second largest city in Portugal, after Lisbon. It is the capital of the Porto District and one of the Iberian Peninsula's major urban areas. Porto c ...

Viana do Castelo Viana do Castelo () is a concelho, municipality and seat of the district of Viana do Castelo District, Viana do Castelo in the Norte Region, Portugal, Norte Region of Portugal. The population in 2021 was 85,778, in an area of . The urbanized are ...

Coimbra Coimbra (, also , , or ), officially the City of Coimbra (), is a city and a concelho, municipality in Portugal. The population of the municipality at the 2021 census was 140,796, in an area of . The fourth-largest agglomerated urban area in Po ...

Viseu Viseu () is a city and municipality in the Centro Region of Portugal and the capital of the Viseu District, district of the same name, with a population of 100,105 inhabitants in the entire municipality, and center of the Viseu Dão Lafões Interm ...

Leiria Leiria () is a city and municipality in the Central Region, Portugal, Central Region of Portugal. It is the 2nd largest city in that same region, after Coimbra, with a municipality population of 128,640 (as of 2021) in an area of . It is the seat o ...

Albergaria-a-Velha Albergaria-a-Velha ( ), officially the Municipality of Albergaria-a-Velha (), is a town and a municipality in the Aveiro District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 25,252, in an area of 158.83 km2. It had 19,687 eligible voters in 2006. ...

and Oliveira de Azemeis were ablaze. The A1 motorway connecting

with Porto was closed due to low visibility caused by the smoke on the 27th. The Portuguese Army dispatched about 150 soldiers to fire-affected towns. Two Italian water bomber planes were loaned to Portugal through the European Union's solidarity mechanism on July 28.

also provided its neighbours with water bomber aircraft, but

requested further help from the EU and Spain.

readied a plane on the French island of

Corsica Corsica ( , , ; ; ) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the Regions of France, 18 regions of France. It is the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of the Metro ...

, just in case things got any worse in Portugal.

The Balkans

A heat wave hit

Southern Europe Southern Europe is also known as Mediterranean Europe, as its geography is marked by the Mediterranean Sea. Definitions of southern Europe include some or all of these countries and regions: Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, C ...

as exceptionally strong

winds blew in from the

across the

and into both

and

on 10 June. The Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW) warned of temperature in Poland exceeding 30C for the next 5 days, followed by heavy

s, thunderstorms and possible flooding especially in the north-west of the country and neighbouring parts of Germany. As the floods eased in

and the

, apart from those in Romania, temperatures began to climb across

, including

Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main () is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the List of cities in Germany by population, fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located in the forela ...

and the UK on June 30. In mid June, much of Europe experienced very warm conditions, whilst

was being flooded.

Ruse, Bulgaria Ruse (also transliterated as Rousse, Russe; ) is the fifth-largest city in Bulgaria. Ruse is in the northeastern part of the country, on the right bank of the Danube, opposite the Romanian city of Giurgiu, approximately south of Bucharest, R ...

hit on the 13th making it the warmest spot in Europe. Other records broken on the 13th includes

Vidin Vidin (, ) is a port city on the southern bank of the Danube in north-western Bulgaria. It is close to the borders with Romania and Serbia, and is also the administrative centre of Vidin Province, as well as of the Metropolitan of Vidin (since ...

, Bulgaria at ,

Sandanski Sandanski ( ; , formerly known as Sveti Vrach, , until 1947) is a town and a recreation center in southwestern Bulgaria, part of Blagoevgrad Province. Named after the Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary Yane Sandanski, it is situated in Sanda ...

, Bulgaria hitting ,

Lovech Lovech (, ) is a city in north-central Bulgaria. It is the administrative centre of the Lovech Province and of the subordinate Lovech Municipality. The city is located about northeast from the capital city of Sofia. Near Lovech are the towns of ...

and

Pazardzhik Pazardzhik ( ) is a city situated along the banks of the Maritsa river, southern Bulgaria. It is the centre of Pazardzhik Province and Pazardzhik Municipality. It is located in the Upper Thracian Plain and in the Pazardzhik-Plovdiv Field, a ...

, Bulgaria at as well as the capital,

Sofia Sofia is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain, in the western part of the country. The city is built west of the Is ...

, hitting . The heat comes from the

Sahara desert The Sahara (, ) is a desert spanning across North Africa. With an area of , it is the largest hot desert in the world and the list of deserts by area, third-largest desert overall, smaller only than the deserts of Antarctica and the northern Ar ...

and is not associated with rain. This helped the situation with high water levels in that part of the continent. On the 14th, several cities were once again above the mark even though they did not break records. The only cities in Bulgaria breaking records were

Musala Musala ( ); from Arabic through Ottoman Turkish: from '' Musalla'', "near God" or "place for prayer" is the highest peak in the Rila Mountains, as well as in Bulgaria and the entire Balkan Peninsula, standing at . With a topographic prominence ...

, peak hitting , and

Elhovo Elhovo ( ) is a Bulgarian town in Yambol Province, located on the left bank of the Tundzha river, between Strandzha and Sakar Mountain, Sakar mountains. Second largest city in the region after Jambol, the city is located at 36 km from border ...

, hitting . On the 15th, Ruse, Bulgaria peaked at . Although it was not a record, this was the highest temperature recorded in the country. Five Bulgarian cities broke high temperature records that day. As the floods eased in

and the northern

, apart from those in Romania, temperatures began to climb across

, including

and the UK on June 30. On July 3, a heat wave hit parts of

, and the cities of

and

, killing a Romanian man with heat stroke. Heavy thunderstorms hit the High

, accompanied by heavy snow in some places. Heavy rain fell in

Podgorica Podgorica ( cnr-Cyrl, Подгорица; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Montenegro, largest city of Montenegro. The city is just north of Lake Skadar and close to coastal destinations on the Adriatic Sea. Histor ...

and parts of eastern

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

on July 16. Both the 14th and 15th saw

Niš Niš (; sr-Cyrl, Ниш, ; names of European cities in different languages (M–P)#N, names in other languages), less often spelled in English as Nish, is the list of cities in Serbia, third largest city in Serbia and the administrative cente ...

's thermometer hit . This temperature value was approaching the national record of from 2007. The National Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (NIMH) at the

Serbian Academy of Sciences The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (; , SANU) is a national academy and the most prominent academic institution in Serbia, founded in 1841 as Society of Serbian Letters (, DSS). The Academy's membership has included Nobel laureates Ivo ...

(SANU) were concerned with the changing temperature patterns. On July 17, Belgrade recorded temperatures in excess of 38 °C and 8 young people drowned swimming and bathing in various lakes.

Northern Eurasia (Commonwealth of Independent States)

Georgia

Both temperatures 30-40C wild fires hit land near

Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

between August 1 and 3. A 3-day wildfire consumed about 150 hectares of forest in Georgia's central region is now under control according to both the

Environment Protection Division Environment most often refers to: __NOTOC__ * Natural environment, referring respectively to all living and non-living things occurring naturally and the physical and biological factors along with their chemical interactions that affect an organism ...

of the

Georgia Department of Natural Resources The Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is an administrative agency of the U.S. state of Georgia. Structure The agency has statewide responsibilities for managing and conserving Georgia’s natural, cultural, and historical resource ...

Kazakhstan

Central

witnessed a heavy spike in temperatures and a Kazakh farmer died of heat stroke on August 11. The hottest recorded temperature in Kazakhstan was , which set a new record, as the hottest temperature ever recorded in that country.

Russia

Later

extreme event attribution Extreme event attribution, also known as attribution science, is the identification and quantification of the role that human-caused climate change plays in the frequency and intensity of Rare events, extreme weather events. Attribution science ai ...

studies concluded that the heatwave in Russia was made much more likely by climate change but that it made little difference to the intensity. The abnormal heat wave was also experienced in Russia, causing fires throughout the country, the worst drought in nearly 40 years, and the loss of at least 9 million hectares of crops. According to head of Rosgidromet state weather agency Alexander Frolov, there was no such heat during the last 1000 years. The highest temperature ever recorded in Russia was , set on 11 July, in

Kalmykia Kalmykia, officially the Republic of Kalmykia,; , ''Khalmg Tanghch'' is a republic of Russia, located in the Volga region of European Russia. The republic is part of the Southern Federal District, and borders Dagestan to the south and Stavr ...

, beating the previous record of set on 6 August 1940, also in Kalmykia. The initial soil drying in June and early July is thought to be a major cause of the exceptional heat level after mid-July. On 25 June a temperature record was set in the Asian portion of Russia, at

Belogorsk Belogorsk or Bilohirsk (; ) is the name of several types of inhabited localities in Russia, inhabited localities in Russia and Ukraine. ;Urban localities *Belogorsk, Amur Oblast, a town in Amur Oblast in Russia; administratively incorporated as an ...

, at a reading of . The previous record in the Asian portion was set at Aksha on 21 July 2004. A heat wave started in

on the 27 June, as temperatures reached , and stayed around for the rest of the week. It also caused temperatures to rise noticeably in

Yakutia Sakha, officially the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia, and the largest federal subject of Russia by area. It is located in the Russian Far East, along the Arctic Ocean, with a population of one million ...

, the

n Kuznetsk Alatau mountain range and the

Volga Federal District The Volga Federal District ( rus, Приволжский федеральный округ, p=prʲɪˈvolʂskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia, federal districts of Russia. It forms the south ...

. On 28 June

Kvass Kvass is a fermented, cereal-based, low-alcoholic beverage of cloudy appearance and sweet-sour taste. Kvass originates from northeastern Europe, where grain production was considered insufficient for beer to become a daily drink. The first wr ...

sales boomed in Russia. On 30 June, the heat in

reached the temperature of 35.3 °C, as both the

Siberian Federal District Siberian Federal District ( rus, Сибирский федеральный округ, p=sʲɪˈbʲirskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 17,178,298 according to the 20 ...

and

Ural Federal District Ural Federal District ( rus, Уральский федеральный округ, p=ʊˈralʲskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 12,080,523 (79.9% urban) according to the ...

began to overheat. By the end of June, 1,244 people had drowned in Russia after swimming. On 3 July, a heat wave hit parts of

, and the cities of

and

, killing a Romanian man with heat stroke. Heavy thunderstorms hit the High

, accompanied by heavy snow in some places. On 5 July, the

n emergency ministry confirmed that almost 300 overheating people had drowned swimming in various

lake A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from ...

canal Canals or artificial waterways are waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management (e.g. flood control and irrigation) or for conveyancing water transport vehicles (e.g. water taxi). They carry free, calm surface ...

s and

river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ...

s during the heat wave. In one case at least 63 people died in one day alone. An emergency ministry spokesman told the

Ria Novosti RIA Novosti (), sometimes referred to as RIAN () or RIA (), is a Russian state-owned domestic news agency. On 9 December 2013, by a decree of Vladimir Putin, it was liquidated and its assets and workforce were transferred to the newly created ...

news agency that 285 people had died in Russia's waterways. The 285 deaths occurred mainly due to the fact that they had swum in dangerous locations, they were ill-prepared and/or were dangerously drunk. A

Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...

n tourist also fell ill with

sun stroke Heat stroke or heatstroke, also known as sun-stroke, is a severe heat illness that results in a body temperature greater than , along with red skin, headache, dizziness, and confusion. Sweating is generally present in exertional heatstroke, ...

Ryazan Ryazan (, ; also Riazan) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. The city is located on the banks of the Oka River in Central Russia, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 C ...

. Moscow was hit by a minor

cholera Cholera () is an infection of the small intestine by some Strain (biology), strains of the Bacteria, bacterium ''Vibrio cholerae''. Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea last ...

outbreak on 5 July. Highs of nearly in Moscow broke records. Earlier in June, Minsk hit and

's temperature soared to . Saint Petersburg, however, has yet to see the 30-degree mark. Temperatures hit a record-breaking highs of 37 °C in several regions in the

Central Federal District The Central Federal District ( rus, Центральный федеральный округ, p=tsɨnˈtralʲnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the federal districts of Russia, eight federal districts of Russia. Geographically, the di ...

on 5 July. In addition, the temperatures were becoming slightly hotter than usual throughout the

. The official record temperature for European Russia was set at 43.8 °C on 6 August 1940. The

Siberian Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states si ...

record was set at 35.3 °C in the

, which was also seeing its provincial temperature rise. Russia's

weather forecast Weather forecasting or weather prediction is the application of science and technology to predict the conditions of the atmosphere for a given location and time. People have attempted to predict the weather informally for thousands of years an ...

s said it was the most prolonged heat wave since 1981. Moscow's City Hall sent out water tankers to put water on the roads to prevent the tarmac from melting.

's temperature was on 7 July. At the same time the heat in Yakutia recorded 35.3 °C. A record-breaking heat wave in late June saw temperatures reach 37 °C in several central Russian regions, sparking forest fires and causing heat stroke in many people in various parts of the

and

. On the 11 and 12 July, many people across Europe fell ill due to

caused by the very high temperatures reached on these two days. A total of 14 regions suddenly overheated on the 11 to 13 July, including

Tatarstan Tatarstan, officially the Republic of Tatarstan, sometimes also called Tataria, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is a part of the Volga Federal District; and its capital city, capital and largest city i ...

Bashkortostan Bashkortostan, officially the Republic of Bashkortostan, sometimes also called Bashkiria, is a republic of Russia between the Volga river and the Ural Mountains in Eastern Europe. The republic borders Perm Krai to the north, Sverdlovsk Oblast ...

Orenburg Orenburg (, ), formerly known as Chkalov (1938–1957), is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It lies in Eastern Europe, along the banks of the Ural River, being approximately southeast of Moscow. Orenburg is close to the ...

Saratov Saratov ( , ; , ) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Russia, and a major port on the Volga River. Saratov had a population of 901,361, making it the List of cities and tow ...

Samara Oblast Samara Oblast (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Samara. From 1935 to 1991, it was known as Kuybyshev Oblast. As of the Rus ...

as the heat cooked the partly drought hit

. Nineteen of Russia's 83 regions declared a state of emergency after crop failure caused by the heat-induced drought. Electricity demand went up by as much as 6% in some

Oblasts An oblast ( or ) is a type of administrative division in Bulgaria and several post-Soviet states, including Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. Historically, it was used in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. The term ''oblast'' is often translated i ...

, leading to power supply problems. Sales of

ice-cream Ice cream is a frozen dessert typically made from milk or cream that has been flavoured with a sweetener, either sugar or an alternative, and a spice, such as cocoa or vanilla, or with fruit, such as strawberries or peaches. Food colouring ...

also went up by 10–15%. The lead into the summer heat wave in 2010 began as an abnormally warm autumn and spring in 2009–2010. World scientists consider the heatwave abnormal by today's standards, but warn that it will soon become the norm throughout summertime. The 3 week heat wave hit near-record temperatures in

and

on the 13 July; with near-record temperatures of 40 °C in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

and

Kaliningrad Kaliningrad,. known as Königsberg; ; . until 1946, is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, an Enclave and exclave, exclave of Russia between Lithuania and Poland ( west of the bulk of Russia), located on the Prego ...

.wave
/ref> On 13 July the Russian

Bird conservation Bird conservation is a field in the science of conservation biology related to threatened birds. Bird conservation efforts aim to protect species and mitigate the decline of threatened bird population numbers. According to Worldwatch Institute, ...

Union (RBCU) said that the heat was killing most of

's birds, especially those in Moscow.

Meteorologist A meteorologist is a scientist who studies and works in the field of meteorology aiming to understand or predict Earth's atmosphere of Earth, atmospheric phenomena including the weather. Those who study meteorological phenomena are meteorologists ...

s considered it likely that temperatures would reach up to later in the week. On 14 July, central Russia saw record temperatures and was predicted to face 38 degrees Celsius by the weekend, higher than the all-time temperature record of 36.6 °C, set in August 1920. Owing to the drought, the government considered introducing a state of emergency in another two regions of the Russian Federation. Both

and

Southern Federal District The Southern Federal District ( rus, Южный федеральный округ, p=ˈjuʐnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its territory lies mostly on the Pontic–Caspian steppe of Sou ...

reported large rises in temperature. The City of

Yakutsk Yakutsk ( ) is the capital and largest city of Sakha, Russia, located about south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one of Russia's most rapidly growing regional cities, with a population of 355,443 at the ...

, with temperatures set to stick at 35 degrees for the next few days.

Dagestan Dagestan ( ; ; ), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Fede ...

was also reported to be suffering a heat wave that day. 5 Italians, a Latvian and a Russian also drowned in the lower reaches of the

Volga The Volga (, ) is the longest river in Europe and the longest endorheic basin river in the world. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchment ...

, near

Volgograd Volgograd,. formerly Tsaritsyn. (1589–1925) and Stalingrad. (1925–1961), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The city lies on the western bank of the Volga, covering an area of , with a population ...

, all of whom were apparently drunk. As water levels in the River

have dropped

swimming has become more risky due to hidden objects being closer to the surface and increased flying insect activity. In the first half of July, average temperatures in Moscow were 6.2 °C above average. The hottest July on record in the city, in 1938, was an average of 5.3 °C higher than average. Approximately 400 people had drowned by mid-July. 1,200 Russians had died June 1 and July 15 due to swimming whilst drunk. Six children and a Ukrainian tourist also drowned, whilst sober, in the

Sea of Azov The Sea of Azov is an inland Continental shelf#Shelf seas, shelf sea in Eastern Europe connected to the Black Sea by the narrow (about ) Strait of Kerch, and sometimes regarded as a northern extension of the Black Sea. The sea is bounded by Ru ...

. Vadim Seryogin, from the Russian Emergency Ministry said that 95% of the drowned had been consuming

alcohol Alcohol may refer to: Common uses * Alcohol (chemistry), a class of compounds * Ethanol, one of several alcohols, commonly known as alcohol in everyday life ** Alcohol (drug), intoxicant found in alcoholic beverages ** Alcoholic beverage, an alco ...

. 9,000,000 hectares of

farmland Agricultural land is typically land ''devoted to'' agriculture, the systematic and controlled use of other forms of lifeparticularly the rearing of livestock and production of cropsto produce food for humans. It is generally synonymous with bot ...

were destroyed along with 20% of the

grain A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit (caryopsis) – with or without an attached husk, hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and ...

harvest in what appears to be the worst drought in 130 years.wave/
/ref> In

, various temperature records were broken in July, and the maximum yearly temperature record was set on Wednesday, 28 July, when the temperature was 35.3 degrees Celsius (95.5 degrees Fahrenheit). This record was superseded on 7 August — 37.1 degrees Celsius (98.8 degrees Fahrenheit). The maximum temperature in Moscow was set on 29 July, when it was 38.2 degrees Celsius (100.8 degrees Fahrenheit). On July 30, wildfires killed 25 people, leaving more than 2000 people homeless. The fires were still burning on 1 August. Likely in part due to the heat wave and smoke from forest fires, Moscow recorded 14,340 total deaths in the month of July, 4,824 more than the number recorded in July 2009. Pollution levels in the city were five times higher than normal. On 1 August, the

Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia The Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus (), also known as the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia, is the title of the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). It is often preceded by the honorific "His Holiness". As the ordinary of the diocese ...

led a holy mass to remember the 28 who had died since July 30. The forest fires came as Russia was experiencing its worst drought in just over 100 years. Russia's Emergency Situations Ministry said 774 forest fires had been registered, 6 new fires were rumoured to have started near

, and a regional forestry department in the

reported that the fires now cover approximately 100,000 hectares. Some 4,000 soldiers were called in to help fight both the 6 rumoured and several known fires in the

Moscow Oblast Moscow Oblast (, , informally known as , ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). With a population of 8,524,665 (Russian Census (2021), 2021 Census) living in an area of , it is one of the most densely populate ...

. Over 5,000 people have been evacuated from their homes, and

Vladimir Putin Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (born 7 October 1952) is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who has served as President of Russia since 2012, having previously served from 2000 to 2008. Putin also served as Prime Minister of Ru ...

organised an emergency meeting for August 2, with the governors of the various regions in the Central and

devastated by the fires. The grain harvest in these areas was also destroyed. August 2 saw hundreds of wildfires threatening more than 200 villages around both

Voronezh Voronezh ( ; , ) is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River, located from where it flows into the Don River. The city sits on the Southeastern Railway, which connects wes ...

Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...

and in

Mordovia Mordovia ( ),; Moksha language, Moksha and officially the Republic of Mordovia,; ; is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia, situated in Eastern Europe. Its capital city, capital is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of S ...

the chief of National Centre for Crisis Situations, General Vladimir Stepanov said. The

saw 625 homes destroyed and Voronezh saw over 200 destroyed and more than a thousand in both places evacuated," general Stepanov said as firemen, troops and local farmers struggled to drive the fires back from the cities of the

Forest fire near Roshal town 13 aug 2010

Ukraine

A heat wave hit

as exceptionally strong

winds blew in from the

across the

and into both

and

on 10 June. The Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW) warned of temperature in Poland exceeding for the next 5 days, followed by heavy

s, thunderstorms and possible flooding especially in the north-west of the country and neighbouring parts of Germany. 12 June saw the temperature of in Kyiv registered though the city was previously forecasted to hit the mark, breaking the previous Kyiv record that had stood since 1946 (). Ukrainian Galicia and the

Crimea Crimea ( ) is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukrain ...

peninsula also saw temperatures rise sharply. On 6 July, 3

areas moved towards and settled near the

after a week a

in the region's

far northward in its trek through Europe. The Accuweather.com GFS

predicts the same

for the next week and an even worse heat wave for the

week A week is a unit of time equal to seven days. It is the standard time period used for short cycles of days in most parts of the world. The days are often used to indicate common work days and rest days, as well as days of worship. Weeks are ofte ...

of the Accuweather.com forecast Earlier in June, Minsk hit and Kyiv temperature soared to . Saint Petersburg had yet to see the mark. Heavy storms in

at the end of 17 July. Temperatures of were registered in almost the whole Ukraine in July, while in the east and in the northeast, they reached . It was revealed on 19 July that 800 Ukrainians, including 115 kids, had drowned since 1 May. Temperatures began rising again in Ukraine in early August, with being recorded at many central and eastern locations, including the city of Kyiv, in the first week.

Wildfires A wildfire, forest fire, or a bushfire is an unplanned and uncontrolled fire in an area of Combustibility and flammability, combustible vegetation. Depending on the type of vegetation present, a wildfire may be more specifically identified as a ...

broke out throughout Ukraine late July/early August. According to Ukrainian authorities these fires where not as severe as the

2010 Russian wildfires The 2010 Russian wildfires were several hundred wildfires that broke out across Russia, primarily in the west in summer 2010. They started burning in late July and lasted until early September 2010. The fires were associated with record-high t ...

. A total of 522 fires, including 122 in residential areas were registered on August 11."Three killed by fire in Luhansk region"
''

Kyiv Post The ''Kyiv Post'' is Ukraine’s first and most prominent English-language newspaper. It was founded in 1995 in Kyiv by American businessman Jed Sunden. In 2018, the publication was acquired by prominent Ukrainian businessman Adnan Kivan, foun ...

'' (August 12, 2010). No wildfires where recorded at

Chernobyl Chernobyl, officially called Chornobyl, is a partially abandoned city in Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine. It is located within the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, to the north of Kyiv and to the southwest of Gomel in neighbouring Belarus. ...

during the heatwave., but fires reached the

Bryansk Bryansk (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Desna (river), Desna River, southwest of Moscow. It has a population of 379,152 at the 2021 census. Bryans ...

region, east of Chernobyl. On August 6 the Ukrainian Weather Forecasting Center forecasted the heatwave would continue at least until August 18 and probably till the end of August and that extremely high fire risks would remain in Ukraine, apart from western

. Indeed, a major cool-down did take place on the 18th, with showers and thunderstorms ushering in cooler temperatures (mid-20s°C (mid/late-70s°F)). File:ЗасухаКаштаны Краснознам.пер.VizuIMG 3263.JPG, Drought-affected

chestnut The chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus ''Castanea'', in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Description ...

trees. File:Журавлевский источник.JPG, People. File:Rock Pigeons in 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat wave9.JPG,

Pigeon Columbidae is a bird family consisting of doves and pigeons. It is the only family in the order Columbiformes. These are stout-bodied birds with small heads, relatively short necks and slender bills that in some species feature fleshy ceres. ...

s cooling off in

Kharkiv Kharkiv, also known as Kharkov, is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ukraine.

during 37 °C weather.

Turkey

Heavy rain falls in the town of

Rize Rize (; ; ; ka, რიზე}; ) is a coastal city in the eastern part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey. It is the seat of Rize Province and Rize District.Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia (country), Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to ...

n border on the 15th of July.

Asia

Burma (Myanmar)

Myanmar's hottest temperature on record was set on May 12, at in

Myinmu Myinmu () is a river town in the south-east of the Sagaing Division in Burma. The town has a rich history linked to World War II during the Burma Campaign against the Japanese, in 1944. It was also under the control of the Portuguese Missionaries ...

Sagaing Division Sagaing Region (, ; formerly Sagaing Division) is an administrative divisions of Myanmar, administrative region of Myanmar, located in the north-western part of the country between latitude 21° 30' north and longitude 94° 97' east. It is border ...

. The previous hottest temperature record in the country was set in May 1980 at in Magwe,

Magwe Division Magway Region (, ; formerly Magway Division) is an administrative division in central Myanmar. It is the second largest of Myanmar's seven divisions, with an area of . Pa-de Dam (ပဒဲဆည်) is one of the dams in Aunglan Township, Magway ...

China

Prior to the droughts in Yunnan and Guizhou, the

China Meteorological Administration The China Meteorological Administration (CMA) is the national weather service of the People's Republic of China. The institution is located in Beijing. History The agency was originally established in December 1949 as the Central Military Comm ...

recorded temperatures averaging warmer than normal over six months and half the average precipitation for the past year across the region, both unprecedented since at least the 1950s. By March 22, 2010, about 51 million people faced

water shortages Water scarcity (closely related to water stress or water crisis) is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two types of water scarcity. One is ''physical.'' The other is ''economic water scarcity''. Physic ...

in a number of provinces. This drought would soon be replaced by record breaking thunderstorms in late June. June 27–29 saw the heaviest rain fall in Luolou township in the Chinese

Guangxi Guangxi,; officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the China, People's Republic of China, located in South China and bordering Vietnam (Hà Giang Province, Hà Giang, Cao Bằn ...

Zhuang autonomous region in 300 years. 6,673 people were affected; as the town was cut off, schools closed and people travelled by boat. The heat wave hit China's

Liaoning Province ) , image_skyline = , image_alt = , image_caption = Clockwise: Mukden Palace in Shenyang, Xinghai Square in Dalian, Dalian coast, Yalu River at Dandong , image_map = Liaoning in China (+all claims hatched).svg , ...

and

Hubei Province Hubei is a province in Central China. It has the seventh-largest economy among Chinese provinces, the second-largest within Central China, and the third-largest among inland provinces. Its provincial capital at Wuhan serves as a major politi ...

on the 2nd. The heat wave hit

Wuhan Wuhan; is the capital of Hubei, China. With a population of over eleven million, it is the most populous city in Hubei and the List of cities in China by population, eighth-most-populous city in China. It is also one of the nine National cent ...

city,

Qionghai Qionghai, also called Keng Hai, is a County-level city, county-level city in Hainan, China. It is located in the east of Hainan Island. Kachek city was the capital of Keng Hai. Kachek city was 2nd largest city in Hainan island. Previous counties ...

Hainan Province Hainan is an island province and the southernmost province of China. It consists of the eponymous Hainan Island and various smaller islands in the South China Sea under the province's administration. The name literally means "South of the Sea" ...

Nanning Nanning; is the capital of the Guangxi, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in South China, southern China. It is known as the "Green City (绿城) " because of its abundance of lush subtropical foliage. Located in the South of Guangxi, Nanning ...

city,

Zhuang

autonomous region An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, zone, entity, unit, region, subdivision, province, or territory) is a subnational administrative division or territory, internal territory of a sovereign state that has ...

, on July 3. As the hot weather swept most of northern, central and southern China some regions recorded temperatures soaring up to . July 5 saw temperatures of scorch 16 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. The National Meteorological Center (NMC) issued a yellow

heat In thermodynamics, heat is energy in transfer between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings by such mechanisms as thermal conduction, electromagnetic radiation, and friction, which are microscopic in nature, involving sub-atomic, ato ...

alert to the provinces of

Shandong Shandong is a coastal Provinces of China, province in East China. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilization along the lower reaches of the Yellow River. It has served as a pivotal cultural ...

Anhui Anhui is an inland Provinces of China, province located in East China. Its provincial capital and largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze and Huai rivers, bordering Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the east, Jiang ...

Jiangsu Jiangsu is a coastal Provinces of the People's Republic of China, province in East China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its capital in Nanjing. Jiangsu is the List of Chinese administra ...

Gansu Gansu is a provinces of China, province in Northwestern China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeastern part of the province. The seventh-largest administrative district by area at , Gansu lies between the Tibetan Plateau, Ti ...

Beijing Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as ...

Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of China. Its border includes two-thirds of the length of China's China–Mongolia border, border with the country of Mongolia. ...

Autonomous Region An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, zone, entity, unit, region, subdivision, province, or territory) is a subnational administrative division or territory, internal territory of a sovereign state that has ...

Shaanxi Shaanxi is a Provinces of China, province in north Northwestern China. It borders the province-level divisions of Inner Mongolia to the north; Shanxi and Henan to the east; Hubei, Chongqing, and Sichuan to the south; and Gansu and Ningxia to t ...

and

Shanxi Shanxi; Chinese postal romanization, formerly romanised as Shansi is a Provinces of China, province in North China. Its capital and largest city of the province is Taiyuan, while its next most populated prefecture-level cities are Changzhi a ...

Province A province is an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman , which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire, Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...

on July 5. About , or 37.8%, of Inner Mongolia were hit by drought. Xingqing Lake, in the

Xingqing Xingqing District (, Xiao'erjing: ) is one of three urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Yinchuan, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Northwest China, bordering Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongoli ...

Palace Park, turned crimson; park spokesman Liang Zibin blamed a mixture of

pollutant A pollutant or novel entity is a substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effect, or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource. These can be both naturally forming (i.e. minerals or extracted compounds like oi ...

s and high heat for the

aquatic Aquatic means relating to water; living in or near water or taking place in water; does not include groundwater, as "aquatic" implies an environment where plants and animals live. Aquatic(s) may also refer to: * Aquatic animal, either vertebrate ...

phenomena. There were serious problems with green algae in the river surrounding the ancient city of

Xi'an Xi'an is the list of capitals in China, capital of the Chinese province of Shaanxi. A sub-provincial city on the Guanzhong plain, the city is the third-most populous city in Western China after Chongqing and Chengdu, as well as the most populou ...

. Lakes and rivers turned green and red as a result of

algae bloom An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in fresh water or marine water systems. It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae's pigments. The term ''algae'' encompass ...

s flourishing in the hot weather, according to the

Xinhua news agency Xinhua News Agency (English pronunciation: ),J. C. Wells: Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed., for both British and American English or New China News Agency, is the official state news agency of the People's Republic of China. It is a ...

. July 5 saw

set a new highest temperature record at . Near record heat waves hit both

Gansu Province Gansu is a provinces of China, province in Northwestern China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeastern part of the province. The seventh-largest administrative district by area at , Gansu lies between the Tibetan Plateau, Ti ...

Guizhou ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_map = Guizhou in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_alt = Map showing the location of Guizhou Province , map_caption = Map s ...

and

on the 5th. A yellow-level heat alert was issued in the provinces of

Guangdong ) means "wide" or "vast", and has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in AD 226. The name "''Guang''" ultimately came from Guangxin ( zh, labels=no, first=t, t= , s=广信), an outpost established in Han dynasty ...

and

Hainan Hainan is an island provinces of China, province and the southernmost province of China. It consists of the eponymous Hainan Island and various smaller islands in the South China Sea under the province's administration. The name literally mean ...

as well as Guangxi Zhuang

, due to predicted temperatures of on July 5. Bajin, Macau and

witnessed a heavy spike in temperatures on the 7th. Temperatures in Sichuan and Quzhou rose sharply to as the average

temperature of 13 of China's provinces and regions reached over 35 °C. A record temperature of hit Beijing on the 7th and were predicted to reach on the 8th. On 7 July, five people died and eight were missing after torrential rains caused flash floods in Huangyuan County, in China's overheating Qinghai Province, according to local government sources. Rumours that a homeless old man had also been crushed to death in a partly collapsed house were denied by rescue workers. July 8 saw the highest temperature and heavy rain storms across the People's Republic of China so far. China's National Meteorological Center of CMA, National Meteorological Centre (NMC) predicted that temperatures would fall by the 9th. Local authorities and the NMC also issued an orange flood alert in central and southwest China were put on flood alert and the worst floods for 40 years hit the regions. Heavy rains hit Hubei and

provinces on July 8 and caused a 1 meter deep flood which killed 1 person and made 500,000 homeless. The storm moved southeastward over the next day, helping to dissipate the local heat wave. Forest fires hit parts of Qinghai Province on July 20. There was a forest fire in the Greater Greater Khingan, Hinggan Mountains of Heilongjiang Province according to Sun Xiguo, director of the fire control headquarters of Greater Hinggan Mountains. More than 7,000 people in Heilongjiang and another 3,000 from Inner Mongolia battled the fires as the province's ground temperature had been as high as on August 4.

India

One of the hottest seasons on record was recorded in India through May, prior to the monsoon season. At least 250 people died from the heat wave in the country. The ''2010 Indian heatwave'' is a period of ongoing extremely hot weather occurring during the summer of 2010 in India and much of South Asia. Temperatures of 53.7C (128.66 F) have been recorded in Pakistan. Said to be the harshest summer since 1800, the

has killed hundreds of people due to heat exhaustion and food poisoning

Japan

The summer of 2010 was the hottest since Japan began keeping records. Major Japanese cities recorded their highest temperatures between July 15 and September 6. According to the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)'s confirmed report, major Japanese cities on average, were at their highest level of hot temperatures, in August 2010. Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Kyushu, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Hirakata, Osaka, Hiroshima, Kyoto, Okayama, Osaka and Takamatsu, Kagawa, Takamatsu, Shikoku were all above average temperatures in August that year. And low temperatures in day are: 50 days in Tokyo, 49 days in Osaka, 48 days in Takamatsu, 47 days in Fukuoka, Hiroshima and Nagoya, 43 days in Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Kanazawa, 40 days in Yonago and 38 days in Niigata (city), Niigata, all during same period. Following the above, high temperature days are: 37 days in Kumagaya, Saitama, 33 days in Kyoto and Isesaki, Gunma, 31 days in Tokai, Aichi, 29 days in Tottori, Tottori, Tottori, Kofu, Yamanashi and Nishiwaki, Hyogo, 25 days in Osaka and 24 days in Hiroshima, all during same period. According to the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, a record of 1,718 people died from

. "last year, whe
a record of 1,718 people
died of heatstroke as the summer heat broke records."

Mongolia

An extreme heat wave hit

on June 23 with the temperature reaching as much as in some places. The

and heat wave combined to make wild fires inevitable. At the time, 73 wild fires had already been registered in the country, with four more erupting on July 4. The Khentii Mountains were hit hard, with Khentii Province overheating and the Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area facing a possible drought on the 5th. Officials claimed the forest fires of the 6th were caused by the heat wave and drought. The fires killed 3 people, injured 6, killed 936 head of livestock and caused about 910 million Tugrig (U.S. $670,000) in damages, officials said. About 984 fire-fighters, 164 border guards and 2,022 locals fought the bushfires. The fires started in Selenge Province and then Tov Province on the 6th, but had spread to another 12 aimags (provinces) by the 7th, according to the head of the fire department of the general emergency management authority. The emergency authority said they wanted people to stay out of the danger zones unless they were fighting the fires and called upon the public for more volunteer firefighters. July 7 saw even more bush fires in the already burning counties.

Pakistan

Temperatures soared to in Mohen-jo-Daro on May 26, and twelve cities in Pakistan saw temperatures above . The previous record for Pakistan, and for all of Asia, was reached at in Sindh Province on June 12, 1919. By May 27, the temperatures higher than hit many areas across the country, at least 18 people died in Pakistan.

Vietnam

Hanoi was hit by a heat wave from June 29 to July 2. Daytime temperatures were between , while night time temperatures were . Droughts and power cut were an imminent threat in the north of Vietnam.

The Middle East

There were numerous heat records broken in the Middle east as well, such as in Bahrain, where the country set its hottest June temperature on record at on June 20. There was also plenty of heat in Iraq, where a new unofficial hottest temperature record was set on June 14, 2010, at in Basra. The previous record was on August 8, 1937, in Ash Shu'ayba. On July 26 the heat reached near-record levels over Iraq. In Israel, the year 2010 was the hottest on record, and average temperatures were higher than the average. The temperature in Almog, Kibbutz Almog, near the Dead Sea, on August 7 was . The temperature was the hottest measured in 68 years. The summer lasted till December, when a severe storm hit the Israeli shore, with waves rising up to in height and fell in 3 days as well as of snow on Mount Hermon. The temperature nearly break the record of July 2000, in Marka (civil/mil airport) Amman, where temperatures reached according to the METAR recording at the mentioned airport, adding that temperatures were nudging the in many consecutive days, and actually went beyond it. By August 20, another intense heat wave arrived, and broke the previously mentioned record in Marka airport, and the temperatures reached 43.5 °C. The temperature in Tela' Al-Ali/Sweileh, Madaba, Anjara/Ajloun, reached 42.3 °C. In Kuwait, the temperature in Mitribah reached 54.4 °C on June 15 which was the highest temperature ever recorded in Asia, and is 2 degrees lower than the world record for Death Valley, USA of 56.7 °C degrees. In August 2010, the heat index reached 64 °C at Al-Nuwaiseeb due to the high humidity. On July 26 the heat reached near-record levels over Kuwait. On July 14, the highest temperature in Qatar reached . The heat wave hit Saudi Arabia in June, setting an unofficial all-time temperature record on June 22, at , breaking the previous record of . The heat wave also caused sand storms to occur, causing a blackout after eight power plants in the country were knocked offline. In addition to the heat, Lebanon has been through the worst drought ever since 1931 – the temperatures reached in the coast and in the Beqaa Valley. And the summer unusually prolonged until 5 December. The spring started pretty early that year, after passing through a stormy January with no snow, which only fall on 21 January and lasted until the last days of February. There were several rain events, however, such as when Heavy rain fell in most of East Azarbaijan Province and West Azarbaijan Province on the 14th of July. Heavy rain and thunder storms also hit the town of Samail in Oman's northern, coastal mountain range on July 14.

North Africa

North Africa in general

Niamey, Niger took in refugees from Tillabéri Department 12 days before, after they turned up hoping the city would help them. The towns of Kongomé, Zinder, Tanout and Dalli were the worst hit by the drought by May 3. Dehydration was reported to have killed 1 person in Niger, while others in the region were at risk of water shortages on June 1. A new heat wave hit Niger on June 21, causing an increased area of drought; causing crop failure and the threat of widespread famine. In Chad, the temperature reached on June 22 in Faya-Largeau, breaking a record set in 1961. Sudan reached in Dongola the same day, breaking a record set in 1987. Niger broke its own record set in 1998 the next day at in Bilma. Three years of famine and more recent sandstorms devastated Niger on July 14, prompting the new military junta to appeal for international food aid. On July 24, the British Red Cross flew its logistics teams to Niger to help the army and local officials with transportation. The relief effort has already been made possible by the response to the Red Cross's West Africa Crisis Appeal which aims to raise £500,000. According to UN agencies, 200,000 children need treatment for malnutrition in Niger alone, as Oxfam puts out an £7,000,000 appeal to cover both the Chad and Niger.

sends food and cash aid to Mali on July 25. On July 26 the heat reached near-record levels over Chad and Niger, and about 20 had reportedly died in northern Niger of dehydration on July 27. On August 1, Gadabeji, Niger suffered heat and drought. The exceptionally heavy rainfall of 2009 destroyed crops and devastated the year's harvest. The resulting fall in production in staples like maize, millet and sorghum affected much of West Africa's fragile Sahel, including neighbouring Chad and northern Nigeria. August 3 had Burkina Faso hit by a drought, as 4,500,000 Burkinans and 6,700,000 Nigeriens faced starvation.

Mauritania, Senegal and Mali

On May 12 and 26, Mauritania, the Sénégal River drainage basin, Sénégal River Area, and neighbouring parts of both Senegal and Mali faced both a drought and famine. Seven people died in Ghaidi Magha, Mauritania, near the Malian border on May 18.

Morocco and Algeria

The heat wave that left an Heat wave, overheating

for the

on July 11 was attributed to the regional hot air currents that depart from the

desert in

at about 1,000 meters in

, which facilitated a movement in the hot air towards the

and

via the

and

. Unusually hot weather was also reported in parts of Algeria on the 11th.

Sudan

Sudan all recorded their hottest all-time temperatures on record on June 22 and June 23, hitting the mid 40s Celsius (low 110s Fahrenehit) in places.

North America

United States

New York City saw their record earliest first reading at or above , on April 7. Boston also saw their first temperature at or above 90 that day. In Frederick, Maryland, the temperature reached in early July. Power outages in New York and in Southern Ontario, Southern Ontario were reported to have been caused by the heatwave. June 24 saw a high pressure zone settle between North Carolina and Bermuda. A two-day-long heat wave hit the more rural parts of Texas on July 1. From July 4 to July 9, 2010, the majority of the American East Coast, from the Carolinas to Maine, was gripped in a severe heat wave. Both Philadelphia and New York City, as well as Baltimore, Washington, D.C., Washington, Raleigh, North Carolina, Raleigh, and Boston, eclipsed . Many records were broken, some of which dated back to the 19th century, including Wilmington, Delaware's temperature of on Wednesday, July 7, which broke the record of from 1897. Philadelphia and New York eclipsed for the first time since 2001. Frederick, Maryland and Newark, New Jersey, among others, exceeded for four days in a row. Cleveland, Ohio, was rising into the upper 90s on July 8. Meanwhile, various authorities on the U.S. East Coast of the United States, Eastern Seaboard issued extreme heat alerts, with the temperature being forecast to rise well beyond in some areas on the 5th. The American northeast was severely affected as New York City saw a record temperature of on July 6, and the heat hit in Boston, and in Baltimore on the same day, breaking the standing Baltimore record from 1983. Hartford, Connecticut tied their all time heat record that day. New York City saw temperatures as high as in some areas and it was predicted to reach the next day. A report released by ''The Wall Street Journal'' on July 7 stated that June saw sales rise over the Independence Day (United States), Independence Day holiday, especially along the East Coast of America. By July 3, retail sales had risen by 3.9% from the year-ago period and 1% over the previous week, according to the International Council of Shopping Centers and Goldman Sachs and Johnson Redbook Research also showed a sales gain in the final week of June, citing the hot weather. Both the East Coast of the United States, American East Coast and parts of the American Midwest had record high temperatures, killing two people on the 8th. Authorities in Washington, D.C., New York City, Maine, Ottawa, Montreal and Toronto issued safety advice to its residents. Several power outages across the United States occurred due to increased demand, and also a transformer fire; lack of air conditioning led to the death of an elderly Philadelphia man and a homeless woman in Detroit. Canadian media outlets also stated that there had been a large increase of people visiting hospital during the heat wave, such as Montfort Hospital, which reported 158 patients in one day. Washington DC WC fans in fountain

The Associated Press reported that "the hot weather was blamed for the deaths of 89-year-old Edward Pilch in Whitehall, PA, and a 46-year-old woman in Queens." The heat also caused rail disruptions in Washington after the metal track expanded and could not be contained by the dampers. The BBC stated that electricity providers were "urging consumers to cut back on energy use to relieve the stress on the power system ... in Philadelphia alone, 8,000 people lost power due to increased demand on Tuesday [6th July]" News agencies stated that people had been staying in air-conditioned churches to avoid the heat. Consolidated Edison sent out dry ice to customers with no electricity. The U.S. East Coast and parts of the Midwest saw temperatures reaching up to on July 11. The electricity grid in New York City was near collapse as Consolidated Edison cut electricity to air conditioning units and 20,000 homes and businesses to ease the burden on its failing system, according to ''The New York Times''. Various utilities urged customers to use less electricity as the aging power grid began to falter under the heat wave that ran from Virginia to Maine via New York. About 375,400 customers in the New York City neighborhoods of Flushing, Queens, Flushing, Gowanus, Brooklyn, Gowanus, Forest Hills, Queens, Forest Hills and Brooklyn Heights were victims of limited power outages in New York on July 11. For the Midwest became more related to the extreme high humidity, above normal rainfall from thunderstorms across much of Iowa, Wisconsin, Nebraska and Illinois in the previous month leading up to the heat wave caused dew points to soar; in Newton, Iowa, where temperatures had been in the mid-90s F, the dew point reached on July 14, one of the highest ever recorded in the United States. The heat index reached in Newton, Chicago's dew point of , matching readings from the 1995 heat wave that caused many deaths. Omaha, Des Moines and St. Louis also experienced high humidity levels. Manitoba and several states in the Central United States, Central U.S. had heavy thunderstorms with a severe tornado hitting Northfield, Minnesota, on July 16. The heat wave ended in most of Canada and was reduced by thunderstorms in much of the United States. The heat continued through the second half of July but extreme heat was mostly confined to the Southeastern United States, giving relief to the Northeast and Upper Midwest as it had early in the month. The intense heat build-up again occurred over much of Plains states, Upper South and Lower Midwest; temperatures surpassed in many locations. By August 3, the temperature in Wichita, Kansas, reached . Washington, DC had temperatures that surpassed on 11 days during the summer of 2010, reaching a peak of on July 6 and 7. By late July, the morgue in Pima County, Arizona, had become overwhelmed with over 300 bodies; of those, 57 deaths were attributed to immigrants crossing the Mexico – United States border, overwhelmed by the July heat. All of this gave New York City their warmest summer ever, with a mean temperature of . The heat wave was initially absent in the Western United States, where an unusually cool summer took place. However, this cool trend ended in the last week of September (beginning on Sunday, September 26, 2010), when 4 powerful anticyclones stalled in the Gulf of Alaska, over the Southern United States (especially Texas), over the Western United States (specifically over Northwestern Utah). However, before then, parts of Montana and parts of California saw slightly above-average temperatures on July 6. But beginning on September 26, the heatwave began to impact Western North America, along with the entire Western United States. On September 27, Los Angeles broke its all-time record high, recording a temperature of in downtown Los Angeles, along with San Diego County, with a new record high temperature of . The Southwestern United States had near high temperatures from September 26 to October 2, and even hotter than that in some regions. The Western United States also experienced record high/near record high temperatures from late September to mid-October. By the end of October, temperatures within the United States returned to near-average, as the anticyclones weakened and then dissipated.

References

External links

FEMA: Extreme Heat

WeatherBug Weather WrapSocial & Economic Costs of Temperature Extremes
from National Climatic Data Center "NOAA Socioeconomics" website initiative {{DEFAULTSORT:Northern Hemisphere Summer Heat Wave 2010 natural disasters 2010 disasters in India Heat waves in Europe, 2010 Northern Hemisphere Summer Heat Wave 2010s heat waves 2010 meteorology 2010 in Europe 2010 natural disasters in the United States 2010 disasters in Canada 2010 disasters in Russia 2010 disasters in China 2010 in Africa 2010 disasters in Pakistan Heat waves in Asia, 2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves Heat waves in North America, 2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves

Events

Europe

Europe in general

Poland

The Iberian Peninsula

The Balkans

Northern Eurasia (Commonwealth of Independent States)

Georgia

Kazakhstan

Russia

Ukraine

Turkey

Asia

Burma (Myanmar)

China

India

Japan

Mongolia

Pakistan

Vietnam

The Middle East

North Africa

North Africa in general

Mauritania, Senegal and Mali

Morocco and Algeria

Sudan

North America

United States

See also

References

External links