Events in the year 1905 in Germany.

Events

* 31 March – during the First Moroccan Crisis, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany met with representatives of Sultan Abdelaziz of Morocco in

Tangier Tangier ( ; , , ) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The city is the capital city, capital of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region, as well as the Tangier-Assilah Prefecture of Moroc ...

Date unknown

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

insists on an international conference on the Moroccan question. * German company Knorr-Bremse is founded. *

Albert Einstein Albert Einstein (14 March 187918 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is best known for developing the theory of relativity. Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence f ...

publishes his four ''Annus Mirabilis'' papers. In particular, he formulates the theory of

special relativity In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between Spacetime, space and time. In Albert Einstein's 1905 paper, Annus Mirabilis papers#Special relativity, "On the Ele ...

and states the law of mass–energy conservation: ''E'' = ''mc''². He also explains the

photoelectric effect The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material caused by electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light. Electrons emitted in this manner are called photoelectrons. The phenomenon is studied in condensed matter physi ...

by quantization and mathematically analyzes Brownian motion. Because of this, 1905 is said to be the miraculous year for

physics Physics is the scientific study of matter, its Elementary particle, fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge whi ...

, and its 100th anniversary (

2005 2005 was designated as the International Year for Sport and Physical Education and the International Year of Microcredit. The beginning of 2005 also marked the end of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples, Internationa ...

) was declared the World Year of Physics. *

Fritz Schaudinn Fritz Richard Schaudinn (19 September 1871 – 22 June 1906) was a German zoologist. Born in Röseningken (now in Ozyorsky District) in the Province of Prussia, he co-discovered, with Erich Hoffmann in 1905, the causative agent of syphilis, ' ...

and Erich Hoffmann discovers the bacterium that is responsible for

syphilis Syphilis () is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium ''Treponema pallidum'' subspecies ''pallidum''. The signs and symptoms depend on the stage it presents: primary, secondary, latent syphilis, latent or tertiary. The prim ...

—a spiral-shaped spirochete called

Treponema pallidum ''Treponema pallidum'', formerly known as ''Spirochaeta pallida'', is a Microaerophile, microaerophilic, Gram-negative bacteria, gram-negative, spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic ...

. * The German Equestrian Federation is founded.

Incumbents

National level

Kaiser Kaiser ( ; ) is the title historically used by German and Austrian emperors. In German, the title in principle applies to rulers anywhere in the world above the rank of king (). In English, the word ''kaiser'' is mainly applied to the emperors ...

–

Wilhelm II Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until Abdication of Wilhelm II, his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as th ...

Chancellor Chancellor () is a title of various official positions in the governments of many countries. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the (lattice work screens) of a basilica (court hall), which separa ...

– Bernhard von Bülow

State level

Principality of Lippe Lippe (later Lippe-Detmold and then again Lippe) was a state in Germany, ruled by the House of Lippe. It was located between the Weser river and the southeast part of the Teutoburg Forest. It originated as a state during the Holy Roman Empire, an ...

– Alexander, Prince of Lippe with Leopold, Count of Lippe–Biesterfeld as regent, to 25 October, then

Leopold IV, Prince of Lippe Leopold IV, Prince of Lippe (''Leopold Julius Bernhard Adalbert Otto Karl Gustav''; 30 May 1871 – 30 December 1949) was the final sovereign of the Principality of Lippe in northwestern Germany from 1905 until his abdication in 1918. Prior t ...

(who was previously regent) * Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXIV, Prince Reuss of Greiz (regent Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line) * Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line * Waldeck and Pyrmont – Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Duchies

* Duke of Anhalt – Frederick II, Duke of Anhalt * Duke of Brunswick – Prince Albert of Prussia (regent) * Duke of Saxe–Altenburg – Ernst I, Duke of Saxe–Altenburg * Duke of Saxe–Coburg and Gotha – Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe–Coburg and Gotha * Duke of Saxe–Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe–Meiningen

Colonial Governors

Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa. It shares boundaries with Nigeria to the west and north, Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the R ...

(Kamerun) – Otto Gleim ''(acting governor)'' ''(1st term)'' to 31 January, then Jesko von Puttkamer ''(9th term)'' * Kiaochow (Kiautschou) – Oskar von Truppel * German East Africa (Deutsch–Ostafrika) – Gustav Adolf von Götzen *

German New Guinea German New Guinea () consisted of the northeastern part of the island of New Guinea and several nearby island groups, and was part of the German colonial empire. The mainland part of the territory, called , became a German protectorate in 188 ...

(Deutsch–Neuguinea) – Albert Hahl ''(2nd term)'' * German Samoa (Deutsch–Samoa) – Wilhelm Solf * German South–West Africa (Deutsch–Südwestafrika) – Theodor Leutwein to 19 August, then

Adrian Dietrich Lothar von Trotha Adrian Dietrich Lothar von Trotha (3 July 1848 – 31 March 1920) was a Germans, German military commander during the New Imperialism, European new colonial era. As a brigade commander of the East Asian Expedition Corps, he was involved in supp ...

''(acting governor)'' to November, then Friedrich von Lindequist * Togoland – Waldemar Horn to 27 July, then Johann Nepomuk Graf Zech auf Neuhofen

Births

* 20 January – Kurt Waitzmann, German actor (died

1985 The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a n ...

) * 3 February – Hermann Henselmann, German architect (died 1995) * 14 February — Margot Sauerbruch, surgeon, married to Ferdinand Sauerbruch (died 1995) * 16 February – Karl Frankenstein, German–born

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

i professor (died 1990) * 15 March – Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, aristocrat, lawyer and member of July 20 plot (died

1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...

) * 15 March — Alexander Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, aristocrat and historian (died 1964) * 15 March – Nikolaus von Halem, German lawyer and businessman (died

) * 16 March – Elisabeth Flickenschildt, German actress (died

1977 Events January * January 8 – 1977 Moscow bombings, Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (no ...

) *

19 March Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...

—

Albert Speer Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (; ; 19 March 1905 – 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of W ...

, German architect, member of the NSDAP and war-criminal (died 1981) * 23 March – Lale Andersen, German singer (died

1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...

) * 24 March – Karl John, German actor (died

) * 25 March –

Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim (25 March 1905 – 21 July 1944) was a German Army colonel and a resistance fighter in Nazi Germany involved in the 20 July plot against Adolf Hitler. Early life Quirnheim was born in Munich, the son of Herm ...

, German Army colonel and a resistance fighter (died

) * 27 March – Rudolf Christoph Freiherr von Gersdorff, officer in the German Army. He attempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler by suicide bombing on 21 March 1943; (died

1980 Events January * January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a United States grain embargo against the Soviet Union, grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission. * January 6 – Global Positioning Sys ...

) * 8 April – Arnulf Klett, German lawyer and politician (died 1974) * 3 May – Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria, German nobleman (died 1996) * 6 May – Kurt Schumacher, German sculptor (died

1942 The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was th ...

) * 13 May: ** Theodor Koch, German engineer and weapons manufacturer (died

1976 Events January * January 2 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force. * January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea. * January 18 – Full diplomatic ...

) ** Walter Richter, German actor (died

) * 3 July – Max Herz, German businessman (died

1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...

) * 2 August: ** Alexander Golling, German actor (died

1989 1989 was a turning point in political history with the "Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin W ...

) ** Karl Amadeus Hartmann, German composer (died

1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cove ...

) * 15 August – Manfred von Brauchitsch, German racing driver (died 2003) * 19 September – Theodor Blank, German politician (died

) * 27 September – Ernst Baier, German figure skater (died

2001 The year's most prominent event was the September 11 attacks against the United States by al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror. The United States led a Participan ...

) * 1 October – Alfons Goppel, German politician (died 1991) * 6 October – Wolfgang Liebeneiner, German actor and film director (died

1987 Events January * January 1 – Bolivia reintroduces the Boliviano currency. * January 2 – Chadian–Libyan conflict – Battle of Fada: The Military of Chad, Chadian army destroys a Libyan armoured brigade. * January 3 – Afghan leader ...

) * 9 November – Erika Mann, German actress and writer (died 1969) * 10 December – Heinrich Amersdorffer, German painter and printmaker (died 1986) * 18 December – Hans Bernd von Haeften, German jurist (died

)

Deaths

* 14 January – Ernst Abbe, German physicist, optical scientist, entrepreneur, and social reformer (born

1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janu ...

) * 1 February – Oswald Achenbach, German painter (born 1827) * 2 February – Robert Eitner, German musicologist, researcher and bibliographer (born 1832) * 3 February – Adolf Bastian, German anthropologist (born 1826) * 6 February – Maria Theresia Bonzel, German nun, founder of the Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration (born 1830) * 9 February – Adolph Menzel, German painter (born 1815) * 30 March – Georg Meissner, German anatomist and physiologist (born 1829) * 14 April – Otto Wilhelm von Struve, German-Estonian astronomer (born 1819) * 17 April – Karl Gutbrod, German judge (born 1844) * 30 May – Albert Ellmenreich, German actor (born 1816) * 15 June – Carl Wernicke, German physician, anatomist, psychiatrist and neuropathologist (born 1848) * 18 June – Hermann Lingg, German poet (born

1820 Events January–March *January 1 – A constitutionalist military insurrection at Cádiz leads to the summoning of the Spanish Parliament to meet on March 7, becoming the nominal beginning of the "Trienio Liberal" in History of Spain (1 ...

) * 4 August – Walther Flemming, German biologist (born

1843 Events January–March * January 3 – The '' Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms'' (海國圖志, ''Hǎiguó Túzhì'') compiled by Wei Yuan and others, the first significant Chinese work on the West, is published in China. * J ...

) * 6 October – Ferdinand von Richthofen German geographer and scientist (born 1833) * 15 November – Max Spohr, German publisher (born 1850) * 17 November – Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, German nobleman (born 1817) * 15 December – Friedrich von Spiegel, German orientalist (born

)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1905 In Germany Years of the 20th century in Germany