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January–March

*
January 5 Events Pre-1600 * 1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 * 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French ...
– The Danish state bankruptcy of 1813 occurs. *
January 18 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later. * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail. * 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the C ...
– 23War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance. * January 24 – The Philharmonic Society (later the Royal Philharmonic Society) is founded in London. *
January 28 Events Pre-1600 *AD 98, 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accessi ...
Jane Austen Jane Austen ( ; 16 December 1775 â€“ 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily for #List of works, her six novels, which implicitly interpret, critique, and comment on the English landed gentry at the end of the 18th century ...
's '' Pride and Prejudice'' is published anonymously in London. *
January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. * 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on th ...
– The Assembly of the Year XIII is inaugurated in
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...
. *
February February is the second month of the year in the Julian calendar, Julian and Gregorian calendars. The month has 28 days in common years and 29 in leap years, with the February 29, 29th day being called the ''leap day''. February is the third a ...
War of 1812 in North America: General William Henry Harrison sends out an expedition to burn the British vessels at Fort Malden by going across Lake Erie via the Bass Islands in sleighs, but the ice is not hard enough, and the expedition returns. *
February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1047 – Drogo of Hauteville is elected as count of the Apulian Normans during the Norman conquest of Southern Italy. * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, u ...
Argentine War of Independence: José de San Martín and his Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers gain a largely symbolic victory against a Spanish royalist army in the Battle of San Lorenzo. *
February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. * 1301 & ...
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: Action of 7 February 1813 – The French frigate ''Aréthuse'' (1812) and the British ship engage in battle in the ÃŽles de Los on the Guinea Coast; both ships retire unbeaten. *
February 9 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Zeno (emperor), Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire, Eastern Roman Empire *1003 – Boleslaus III, Duke of Bohemia, Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from BolesÅ‚aw I ...
Prussia abolishes the canton system. *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 * 660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman Empire, on the eve of his comin ...
War of 1812: Construction begins on Fort Meigs in
Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...
, under the command of General William Henry Harrison. Major Amos Stoddard assumes command of its artillery. * March 4 **
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: The French garrison evacuates
Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...
, leaving Russian troops able to reach and take the city without a fight. ** Cyril VI of Constantinople is elected Ecumenical Patriarch. * March 17
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: Prussia declares war on France, and introduces the Iron Cross military award (backdated to March 10). * March 281813–1814 Malta plague epidemic spreads from Egypt. * March 29Mexican War of Independence: Battle of Rosillo Creek – The Republican Army of the North defeats the Spanish Royalist Army in modern-day Bexar County, Texas.


April–June

* April 8War of 1812: Colonel James Ball arrives at Fort Meigs with 200
dragoon Dragoons were originally a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 17th century onward, dragoons were increasingly also employed as conventional cavalry and trained for combat wi ...
s. * April 27War of 1812: Battle of York – United States troops raid and destroy but do not hold the capital of
Upper Canada The Province of Upper Canada () was a Province, part of The Canadas, British Canada established in 1791 by the Kingdom of Great Britain, to govern the central third of the lands in British North America, formerly part of the Province of Queb ...
,
York York is a cathedral city in North Yorkshire, England, with Roman Britain, Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers River Ouse, Yorkshire, Ouse and River Foss, Foss. It has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a Yor ...
(modern-day
Toronto Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...
). * May 19War of 1812: Fort Meigs is first besieged, by British allied forces under General Henry Proctor and Chief Tecumseh. * May 2
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: Battle of Lützen
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
wins against the German alliance. * May 111813 crossing of the Blue Mountains: Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworth leave on an expedition to cross the Blue Mountains of Australia. * May 2021
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: Battle of Bautzen
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
again defeats his combined enemies. * May 27War of 1812: In Canada, American forces capture Fort George. *
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. * 1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida. * 1495 – A monk, John Cor, rec ...
War of 1812: Capture of USS ''Chesapeake'' in Boston Harbor by British
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...
frigate . * June 6 ** War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek – A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeats an American force three times its size, under William H. Winder and John Chandler. ** 1813 crossing of the Blue Mountains: Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworth succeed in crossing the Blue Mountains (New South Wales) and return home. * June 21
Peninsular War The Peninsular War (1808–1814) was fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Kingdom of Portugal, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French ...
: Battle of Vitoria – A British, Spanish and Portuguese force of 78,000 with 96 guns under
Wellington Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand. It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range. Wellington is the third-largest city in New Zealand (second largest in the North Island ...
defeats a French force of 58,000 with 153 guns under Joseph Bonaparte.


July–September

* JulyWar of 1812 – The second siege of Fort Meigs by British allied forces fails. * July 5War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and
Plattsburgh, New York Plattsburgh is a city in and the county seat of Clinton County, New York, United States, situated on the north-western shore of Lake Champlain. The population was 19,841 at the United States Census, 2020, 2020 census. The population of the sur ...
begin. * July 13 ** The
Carabinieri The Carabinieri (, also , ; formally ''Arma dei Carabinieri'', "Arm of Carabineers"; previously ''Corpo dei Carabinieri Reali'', "Royal Carabineers Corps") are the national gendarmerie of Italy who primarily carry out domestic and foreign poli ...
, the national
military police Military police (MP) are law enforcement agencies connected with, or part of, the military of a state. Not to be confused with civilian police, who are legally part of the civilian populace. In wartime operations, the military police may supp ...
of Italy, are founded by Victor Emmanuel I as the police force of the Kingdom of Sardinia. ** Missionaries Adoniram Judson and his wife, Ann Hasseltine Judson, arrive in Burma. * July 21 – U.K. Parliament passes the Doctrine of the Trinity Act 1813, repealing legal penalties for non-trinitarian sects such as Unitarians, and codifying
religious tolerance Religious tolerance or religious toleration may signify "no more than forbearance and the permission given by the adherents of a dominant religion for other religions to exist, even though the latter are looked on with disapproval as inferior, ...
in Great Britain (the Toleration Act of 1688 did not apply to Jews, non-trinitarians, or Roman Catholics). * July 23 – Sir Thomas Maitland is appointed as the first Governor of Malta, transforming the island from a British protectorate to a ''de facto''
colony A colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule, which rules the territory and its indigenous peoples separated from the foreign rulers, the colonizer, and their ''metropole'' (or "mother country"). This separated rule was often orga ...
. * August 12
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: Austria declares war on France. * August 19Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second triumvirate. * August 23
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
Battle of Großbeeren:
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
is defeated by Prussia and
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
. * August 26
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
Battle of Katzbach:
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
's troops are defeated by Prussia and Russia. * August 2627
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
Battle of Dresden:
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
's troops are victorious. * August 2930
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
First Battle of Kulm: French Marshal Vandamme is defeated and captured, by allied Coalition forces from Russia, Prussia and Austria. * August 30Creek WarFort Mims massacre: A force of Creeks, belonging to the Red Sticks faction, kills hundreds of settlers in Fort Mims, Alabama. * August 31
Peninsular War The Peninsular War (1808–1814) was fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Kingdom of Portugal, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French ...
: ** Battle of San Marcial: The Spanish Army of Galicia under Manuel Freire de Andrade turns back Marshal Soult's last major offensive against
Wellington Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand. It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range. Wellington is the third-largest city in New Zealand (second largest in the North Island ...
's allied army. ** After besieging San Sebastián, allied troops in Spain rampage, ransack and burn down the town almost entirely. *
September September is the ninth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 30 days. September in the Northern Hemisphere and March in the Southern Hemisphere are seasonally equivalent. In the Northern hemisphere, the b ...
Robert Southey becomes Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom. * September 4 – The name of Germany's national card game, "Scat" (modern-day Skat), appears for the first time, in the gaming records of Hans Carl Leopold von der Gabelentz. * September 6
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
Battle of Dennewitz: The armies of
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
are again defeated by Prussia and Russia. * September 10War of 1812Battle of Lake Erie: An American squadron under Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry defeats a British squadron, capturing 6 ships. * September 17
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
Second Battle of Kulm: The Allied Coalition is victorious; Napoleon is forced to halt his advance on Teplitz, and withdraw to Leipzig.


October–December

* October 2 – The Philomathean Society of the
University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (Penn or UPenn) is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. One of nine colonial colleges, it was chartered in 1755 through the efforts of f ...
is founded (the oldest continuously existing literary society in the United States). * October 5War of 1812Battle of the Thames in
Upper Canada The Province of Upper Canada () was a Province, part of The Canadas, British Canada established in 1791 by the Kingdom of Great Britain, to govern the central third of the lands in British North America, formerly part of the Province of Queb ...
: William Henry Harrison defeats the British, and native leader Tecumseh is killed in battle. * October 14 – After a ceremony in
Caracas Caracas ( , ), officially Santiago de León de Caracas (CCS), is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, and the center of the Metropolitan Region of Caracas (or Greater Caracas). Caracas is located along the Guaire River in the northern p ...
,
Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...
, the municipality gives Simón Bolívar the title of ''El Libertador''. * October 1619
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
Battle of Leipzig:
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
is defeated by the forces of the Sixth Coalition. More than 600,000 troops are in the field, with well over 10% killed, wounded or missing. Many of the German states forming the Confederation of the Rhine defect from Napoleon to the Coalition, as a result of the battle. * October 24November 5Persia and Russia sign the Treaty of Gulistan at the end of the Russo-Persian War, by which Persia loses modern-day Georgia, Dagestan and most of
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...
to Russia. * October 26War of 1812Battle of the Chateauguay: Charles de Salaberry defeats an American invasion. * November 11War of 1812Battle of Crysler's Farm: An outnumbered British–Canadian force repels an American attack, forcing the Americans to give up their attempt to capture Montreal. * November 21 – An independent government is restored in the Netherlands. * December 8
Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. He is one of the most revered figures in the history of Western music; his works rank among the most performed of the classical music repertoire ...
's '' Symphony No. 7'', together with his '' Wellington's Victory'', are premiered in Vienna under the composer's baton, in a benefit concert for Austrian and Bavarian soldiers wounded at the Battle of Hanau. * December 1819War of 1812: British soldiers and native allies invade the United States, and are successful in the Capture of Fort Niagara, and attack Lewiston, New York. * December 29War of 1812: British soldiers burn
Buffalo, New York Buffalo is a Administrative divisions of New York (state), city in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York and county seat of Erie County, New York, Erie County. It lies in Western New York at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of ...
.


Date unknown

* Mathieu Orfila publishes his groundbreaking ''Traité des poisons'', formalizing the field of toxicology. * Charles Waterton begins the process of turning his estate at Walton Hall, West Yorkshire, England into what is, in effect, the world's first nature reserve. * Following the death of his father Wossen Seged, Sahle Selassie arrives at the capital Qundi before his other brothers, and is made Meridazmach of Shewa. * The Supreme Council for the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States of America is founded. * Probable date – George E. Clymer invents the Columbian press, used to print newspapers worldwide.


Births


January–June

*
January 19 Events Pre-1600 * 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to '' Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. * 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surren ...
– Sir Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d. 1898) *
January 21 Events Pre-1600 * 763 – Following the Battle of Bakhamra between Alids and Abbasids near Kufa, the Alid rebellion ends with the death of Ibrahim, brother of Isa ibn Musa. * 1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is founded wh ...
John C. Frémont, American soldier, explorer (d. 1890) *
January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. * 1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. * 1564 – The Council of T ...
Juan Pablo Duarte, founder of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876) *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of ...
José Manuel Pareja, Spanish admiral (d. 1865) *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 * 660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman Empire, on the eve of his comin ...
Otto Ludwig, German writer (d. 1865) *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Pope Urban II confirms the foundation of the abbey of La Roë under Robert of Arbrissel as a community of canons regular. * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sofia performed the first post- ...
James Dwight Dana, American geologist, mineralogist (d. 1895) * February 15Frederick Holbrook, Vermont governor (d. 1909) * March 14Joseph P. Bradley,
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States An associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States is a Justice (title), justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, other than the chief justice of the United States. The number of associate justices is eight, as set by the J ...
(d. 1892) * March 15John Snow, English doctor, pioneer of
epidemiology Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and Risk factor (epidemiology), determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population, and application of this knowledge to prevent dise ...
(d. 1858) * March 16Gaëtan de Rochebouët, Prime Minister of France (d. 1899) * March 18Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet, playwright (d. 1863) * March 19David Livingstone, Scottish missionary explorer (d. 1873) * March 21James Strang, Mormon splinter group leader (d. 1856) * March 23Mary Elizabeth Lee, American writer (d. 1849) * March 27Nathaniel Currier, American illustrator (d. 1888) * April 1Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg, German mineralogist (d. 1899) * April 8Leah Fox, American hoax medium (d. 1890) * April 17Mary Peters, née Bowley, English hymn writer (d. 1856) * April 19David Settle Reid, American politician (d. 1891) * April 23Stephen A. Douglas, American Senator from Illinois, presidential candidate (d. 1861) * May 5
Søren Kierkegaard Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( , ; ; 5 May 1813 – 11 November 1855) was a Danes, Danish theologian, philosopher, poet, social critic, and religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher. He wrote critical tex ...
, Danish philosopher (d. 1855) * May 15Stephen Heller, Hungarian composer (d. 1888) * May 21Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (d. 1843) * May 22
Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, essayist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most o ...
, German composer (d. 1883) * June 2Daniel Pollen, 9th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1896) * June 8David Dixon Porter, American admiral (d. 1891) * June 8Maximilian Piotrowski, Polish painter, Kunstakademie Königsberg professor (d. 1875) * June 24Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman, reformer (d. 1887)


July–December

* July 15George Peter Alexander Healy, American portrait painter (d. 1894) * July 19Samuel M. Kier, American industrialist (d. 1874) * August 5Ivar Aasen, Norwegian philologist (d. 1896) *
August 21 Events Pre-1600 * 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège. *1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty (1115–1234), Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song War ...
Jean Stas, Belgian chemist (d. 1891) * August 29Henry Bergh, American founder of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (d. 1888) * September 13 – John Erskine, Irish-American jurist and United States district judge from 1865 to 1883 (d. 1895) * September 17John Sedgwick, Union Army General, American Civil War (d. 1864) * September 24Gerardo Barrios, President of
El Salvador El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador, is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is S ...
(d. 1865) * October 10
Giuseppe Verdi Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi ( ; ; 9 or 10 October 1813 â€“ 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for List of compositions by Giuseppe Verdi, his operas. He was born near Busseto, a small town in the province of Parma ...
, Italian composer (d. 1901) * October 17Georg Büchner, German playwright (d. 1837) * November 13 ** Kreeta Haapasalo, Finnish kantele-player, singer and folk musician (d. 1893) ** Allen G. Thurman, American politician (d. 1895) * November 19Augusta Schrumpf, Norwegian actor (d. 1900) *
November 25 Events Pre-1600 *571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Ancient Rome, Rome, celebrates the first of his three Roman triumph, triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans. *1034 – Máel Coluim II of Scotland, Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, Ki ...
Marie Jules Dupré, French admiral and colonial governor (d. 1881) * November 30Charles-Valentin Alkan, French composer (d. 1888) * December 19Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist (d. 1885) * December 29Alexander Parkes, English metallurgist and inventor (d. 1890)


Date unknown

* Juan Diéguez Olaverri, Guatemalan writer (d. 1866) * John Miley, American Methodist theologian (d. 1895) * John Thomas, English Victorian sculptor (d. 1862) * José María Díaz, Spanish romanticist playwright and journalist (d. 1888)


Deaths


January–June

*
January 1 January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__ Events ...
Gioacchino Navarro, Maltese priest and poet (b. 1748) *
January 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will ...
Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (b. 1764) *
January 15 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Roman emperor, Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. *1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to set ...
Anton Bernolák, Slovak linguist (b. 1762) *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. *1156 – Finnish peasant Lalli kills English clergyman Henry (bishop of Finland), Henry, the Bishop of Turku, on the ice of Köyliönjärvi, Lake Köyli� ...
Christoph Martin Wieland, German writer (b. 1733) * January 24George Clymer, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1739) *
February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto I and Pope Pope John XII, John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1258 – Siege of Baghdad (1258), Siege of Baghdad: Hulegu Kh ...
Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725) * February 26Robert Livingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1746) * March 23Princess Augusta of Great Britain, elder sibling of King George III (b. 1737) * April 3Friederike Brion, first great love of Johann Wolfgang Goethe (b. 1752) * April 10
Joseph-Louis Lagrange Joseph-Louis Lagrange (born Giuseppe Luigi Lagrangia1736) * April 19Benjamin Rush, Founding Father of the United States (b. 1746) * April 27Zebulon Pike, American general (b. 1779) * April 28Mikhail Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (b. 1745) * April 29John Andrews, American clergyman, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, considered ''America's first scholar'' (b. 1746) * May 1Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal (killed in action) (b. 1768) * May 21José Antonio Pareja, Spanish admiral (b. 1757) * May 23Géraud Duroc, French general (mortally wounded in action) (b. 1772) * June 6 ** Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (b. 1739) ** Antonio Cachia, Maltese architect, engineer and archaeologist (b. 1739) * June 17Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor, politician (b. 1726) * July 6Granville Sharp, English abolitionist (b. 1735) * July 17Fredrica Löf, Swedish actress (b. 1760) * June 28Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (b. 1755)


July–December

* July 29Jean-Andoche Junot, French general (suicide) (b. 1771) * August 1Carl Stenborg, Swedish opera singer (b. 1752) * August 11Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745) * August 15Abigail Amelia, First born daughter of John and Abigail Adams (b. 1765) *
August 21 Events Pre-1600 * 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège. *1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty (1115–1234), Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song War ...
Sophia Magdalena of Denmark, Queen consort of Sweden (born 1746) * August 23Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (b. 1766) * August 26Theodor Körner, German author, soldier (b. 1791) * September 2Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1763) * September 12Edmund Randolph, American politician (b. 1753) * September 13Hezqeyas, deposed Emperor of Ethiopia * September 15Antoine Étienne de Tousard, French general, military engineer (b. 1752) * September 22Rose Bertin, French fashion designer (b. 1747) * October 5Tecumseh, Native American (Shawnee) leader (b. 1768) * October 19Józef Poniatowski, Polish prince, Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763) * November 10Francis Fane of Spettisbury, Member of the British Parliament (b. 1752) * November 12Jean de Crèvecœur, French-American writer (b. 1735) * November 30Giambattista Bodoni, Italian publisher and engraver (b. 1740) * NovemberWilliam Franklin, son of Benjamin Franklin (b. ca. 1730)http://www.nj.gov/state/archives/docfranklin.html gives 13 November, http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/William_Franklin.aspx gives 16 November and http://www.geni.com/people/William-Franklin-Colonial-Governor-of-New-Jersey/6000000007529267271 gives 17 November. * December 24Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1740) * December 27Gustaf Adolf Reuterholm, Swedish statesman (b. 1756)


Date unknown

* Josefa Joaquina Sánchez, Venezuelan embroiderer and independence heroine (b. 1765) * Nikolaos Koutouzis – Greek painter, poet and priest (b. 1741)


References


Further reading

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