Events
Pre-1600
*
241 BC
__NOTOC__
Year 241 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Atticus and Cerco (or, less frequently, year 513 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 241 BC for this year has been u ...
–
First Punic War
The First Punic War (264–241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the early 3rd century BC. For 23 years, in the longest continuous conflict and grea ...
:
Battle of the Aegates
The Battle of the Aegates was a naval battle fought on 10 March 241 BC between the fleets of Carthage (state), Carthage and Roman Republic, Rome during the First Punic War. It took place among the Aegates Islands, off the western coast of the ...
: The
Romans sink the
Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end.
*
298 – Roman Emperor
Maximian
Maximian (; ), nicknamed Herculius, was Roman emperor from 286 to 305. He was ''Caesar (title), Caesar'' from 285 to 286, then ''Augustus (title), Augustus'' from 286 to 305. He shared the latter title with his co-emperor and superior, Diocleti ...
concludes his campaign in
North Africa
North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region. However, it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of t ...
and makes a triumphal entry into
Carthage
Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classic ...
.
*
947
Year 947 (Roman numerals, CMXLVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
* Summer – A Principality of Hungary, Hungarian army led by Grand Prince Taksony of Hungary, Taksony campaign ...
– The
Later Han is founded by
Liu Zhiyuan
Liu Zhiyuan () (March 4, 895 – March 10, 948), later changed to Liu Gao (), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Gaozu of Later Han (), was the founding Emperor of China, emperor of the Shatuo-led Chinese Later Han (Five Dynasties), Lat ...
. He declares himself emperor.
*
1496 – After establishing the city of
Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo, formerly known as Santo Domingo de Guzmán, is the capital and largest city of the Dominican Republic and the List of metropolitan areas in the Caribbean, largest metropolitan area in the Caribbean by population. the Distrito Na ...
,
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus (; between 25 August and 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an Italians, Italian explorer and navigator from the Republic of Genoa who completed Voyages of Christopher Columbus, four Spanish-based voyages across the At ...
departs for Spain, leaving his brother in command.
*
1535 – Spaniard Fray
Tomás de Berlanga, the fourth Bishop of
Panama
Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and ...
, discovers the
Galápagos Islands
The Galápagos Islands () are an archipelago of volcanic islands in the Eastern Pacific, located around the equator, west of the mainland of South America. They form the Galápagos Province of the Republic of Ecuador, with a population of sli ...
by chance on his way to
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...
.
1601–1900
*
1607 –
Susenyos I
Susenyos I ( ; –1575 – 17 September 1632), also known as Susenyos the Catholic, was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1607 to 1632, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. His throne names were Seltan Sagad and Malak Sagad III.
He was the son of '' ...
defeats the combined armies of
Yaqob and
Abuna Petros II at the Battle of Gol in
Gojjam, making him
Emperor of Ethiopia
The emperor of Ethiopia (, "King of Kings"), also known as the Atse (, "emperor"), was the hereditary monarchy, hereditary ruler of the Ethiopian Empire, from at least the 13th century until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. The emperor w ...
.
*
1629
Events
January–March
* January 7 – Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate, the 15-year-old son of the German Palatinate elector, Frederick V of the Palatinate, Frederick V, drowns in an accident while sailing ...
–
Charles I dissolves the
Parliament of England
The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England from the 13th century until 1707 when it was replaced by the Parliament of Great Britain. Parliament evolved from the Great Council of England, great council of Lords Spi ...
, beginning the eleven-year period known as the
Personal Rule.
*
1661
Events
January–March
* January 6 – The Fifth Monarchists, led by Thomas Venner, unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London; George Monck's regiment defeats them.
* January 29 – The Rokeby baronets, a Br ...
– French "Sun King"
Louis XIV
LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reign ...
begins his personal rule of
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
after the death of his premier, the Cardinal
Mazarin.
*
1735 – An agreement between
Nader Shah and Russia is signed near
Ganja, Azerbaijan and Russian troops are withdrawn from occupied territories.
*
1762
Events
January–March
* January 4 – Seven Years' War: Kingdom of Great Britain, Britain declares war against Enlightenment in Spain, Spain and Kingdom of Naples, Naples, following their Treaty of Paris (1761), recent alliance ...
– French
Huguenot
The Huguenots ( , ; ) are a Religious denomination, religious group of French people, French Protestants who held to the Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, ...
Jean Calas
Jean Calas (1698 – 10 March 1762) was a merchant living in Toulouse, France, who was tried, judicially tortured, and executed for the murder of his son, despite his protestations of innocence. Calas was a Protestant in an officially Catholic so ...
, who had been wrongly convicted of killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities; the event inspired
Voltaire
François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778), known by his ''Pen name, nom de plume'' Voltaire (, ; ), was a French Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment writer, philosopher (''philosophe''), satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit ...
to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.
*
1814
Events January
* January 1 – War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine.
* January 3
** War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French gar ...
– Emperor
Napoleon I
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
is defeated at the
Battle of Laon in France.
*
1830 – The
Royal Netherlands East Indies Army is created.
*
1831 – The
French Foreign Legion is created by
Louis Philippe, the King of France, from the foreign regiments of the
Kingdom of France
The Kingdom of France is the historiographical name or umbrella term given to various political entities of France in the Middle Ages, medieval and Early modern France, early modern period. It was one of the most powerful states in Europe from th ...
.
*
1848 – The
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the
United States Senate
The United States Senate is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and ...
, ending the
Mexican–American War
The Mexican–American War (Spanish language, Spanish: ''guerra de Estados Unidos-México, guerra mexicano-estadounidense''), also known in the United States as the Mexican War, and in Mexico as the United States intervention in Mexico, ...
.
*
1861 –
El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of
Ségou
Ségou (; , ) is a town and an Communes of Mali, urban commune in south-central Mali that lies northeast of Bamako on the right bank of the River Niger. The town is the capital of the Ségou Cercle and the Ségou Region. With 130,690 inhabitant ...
, destroying the
Bamana Empire of
Mali
Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is the List of African countries by area, eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of over . The country is bordered to the north by Algeria, to the east b ...
.
*
1873
Events January
* January 1
** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar.
** The California Penal Code goes into effect.
* January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the Unit ...
– The first Azerbaijani play, ''The Adventures of the Vizier of the Khan of Lenkaran'', prepared by
Akhundov, is performed by
Hassan-bey Zardabi and dramatist and
Najaf-bey Vezirov.
*
1876
Events
January
* January 1
** The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
** The Bass Brewery Red Triangle becomes the world's first registered trademark symbol.
*January 27 – The Northampton Bank robbery occurs in Massachusetts.
February
* Febr ...
– The first successful
test of a telephone is made by
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell (; born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born Canadian Americans, Canadian-American inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He als ...
.
*
1891 –
Almon Strowger patents the
Strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.
1901–present
*
1906
Events
January–February
* January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
– The
Courrières mine disaster, Europe's worst ever, kills 1099 miners in northern France.
*
1909 – By signing the
Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909,
Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...
relinquishes its
sovereignty
Sovereignty can generally be defined as supreme authority. Sovereignty entails hierarchy within a state as well as external autonomy for states. In any state, sovereignty is assigned to the person, body or institution that has the ultimate au ...
over the
Malay states
The monarchies of Malaysia exist in each of the nine Malay states under the constitutional monarchy system as practised in Malaysia. The political system of Malaysia is based on the Westminster parliamentary system in combination with features ...
of
Kedah
Kedah (), also known by its honorific Darul Aman (Islam), Aman (دار الأمان; Arabic for 'The Safe Abode') and historically as Queda, is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of ...
,
Kelantan
Kelantan (; Kelantan-Pattani Malay, Kelantanese Malay: ''Klate''; ) is a state in Malaysia. The capital, Kota Bharu, includes the royal seat of Kubang Kerian. The honorific, honorific name of the state is ''Darul Naim'' ("The Blissful Abode"). ...
,
Perlis
Perlis (Kedah Malay language, Kedah Malay (Perlis dialect): ''Peghelih'') is a Negeri, state of Malaysia in the northwestern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It is the smallest state in Malaysia by area and population. The state borders the Thai ...
and
Terengganu
Terengganu (; Terengganu Malay: ''Tranung'', formerly spelled Trengganu or Tringganu) is a sultanate and States and federal territories of Malaysia, federal state of Malaysia. The state is also known by its Arabic honorific, ''Dāru l-Iman (c ...
, which become
British protectorates.
*
1922 –
Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2October 186930January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalism, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethics, political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful Indian ...
is arrested in India, tried for
sedition
Sedition is overt conduct, such as speech or organization, that tends toward rebellion against the established order. Sedition often includes subversion of a constitution and incitement of discontent toward, or insurrection against, establ ...
, and sentenced to six years in prison, only to be released after nearly two years for an
appendicitis
Appendicitis is inflammation of the Appendix (anatomy), appendix. Symptoms commonly include right lower abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and anorexia (symptom), decreased appetite. However, approximately 40% of people do not have these t ...
operation.
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Australian aviator Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independen ...
– The
Long Beach earthquake affects the
Greater Los Angeles Area
Greater Los Angeles is the most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. state of California, encompassing five counties in Southern California extending from Ventura County in the west to San Bernardino County and Riverside County in the east, ...
, leaving around 108 people dead.
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
–
Greek Civil War
The Greek Civil War () took place from 1946 to 1949. The conflict, which erupted shortly after the end of World War II, consisted of a Communism, Communist-led uprising against the established government of the Kingdom of Greece. The rebels decl ...
: The
Political Committee of National Liberation is established in Greece by the
National Liberation Front.
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat.
Events
World War II will be ...
–
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
: The U.S. Army Air Force
firebombs Tokyo, and the resulting conflagration kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025
* January 2 – Luis ...
–
Mildred Gillars ("
Axis Sally") is convicted of
treason
Treason is the crime of attacking a state (polity), state authority to which one owes allegiance. This typically includes acts such as participating in a war against one's native country, attempting to Coup d'état, overthrow its government, spy ...
.
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, ...
–
Fulgencio Batista
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (born Rubén Zaldívar; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban military officer and politician who played a dominant role in Cuban politics from his initial rise to power as part of the 1933 Revolt of t ...
leads a
successful coup in
Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...
.
*
1959
Events
January
* January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
–
Tibetan uprising: Fearing an abduction attempt by China, thousands of
Tibetans
Tibetans () are an East Asian ethnic group native to Tibet. Their current population is estimated to be around 7.7 million. In addition to the majority living in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, significant numbers of Tibetans live in t ...
surround the
Dalai Lama
The Dalai Lama (, ; ) is the head of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. The term is part of the full title "Holiness Knowing Everything Vajradhara Dalai Lama" (圣 识一切 瓦齐尔达喇 达赖 喇嘛) given by Altan Khan, the first Shu ...
's palace to prevent his removal.
*
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
– Military Prime Minister of
South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
Nguyễn Cao Kỳ sacks rival General
Nguyễn Chánh Thi, precipitating
large-scale civil and military dissension in parts of the nation.
*
1969 – In
Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis is a city in Shelby County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. Situated along the Mississippi River, it had a population of 633,104 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the List of municipalities in Tenne ...
,
James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating
Martin Luther King Jr. He later unsuccessfully attempts to recant.
*
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 1970 Tonghai earthquake, Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli ...
–
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: Captain
Ernest Medina is charged by the U.S. military with
My Lai war crimes.
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
–
John Gorton
Sir John Grey Gorton (9 September 1911 – 19 May 2002) was an Australian politician, farmer and airman who served as the 19th Prime Minister of Australia, prime minister of Australia from 1968 to 1971. He held office as the leader of the leade ...
resigns as
Prime Minister of Australia
The prime minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The prime minister is the chair of the Cabinet of Australia and thus the head of the Australian Government, federal executive government. Under the pr ...
and the leader of the
Liberal Party of Australia
The Liberal Party of Australia (LP) is the prominent centre-right political party in Australia. It is considered one of the two major parties in Australian politics, the other being the Australian Labor Party (ALP). The Liberal Party was fo ...
after a secret ballot
vote of confidence, being replaced in both positions by
William McMahon.
*
1974 –
1974 Belgian general election: Elections are held in Belgium for all 212 seats in the
Chamber of Representatives, the
Belgian Socialist Party taking the majority with 59.
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Vietnam War:
Ho Chi Minh Campaign:
North Vietnam
North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; ; VNDCCH), was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, with sovereignty fully recognized in 1954 Geneva Conference, 1954. A member of the communist Eastern Bloc, it o ...
ese troops
attack Ban Mê Thuột in the South on their way to capturing
Saigon
Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) ('','' TP.HCM; ), commonly known as Saigon (; ), is the most populous city in Vietnam with a population of around 14 million in 2025.
The city's geography is defined by rivers and canals, of which the largest is Saigo ...
in the final push for victory over South Vietnam.
*
1977
Events January
* January 8 – 1977 Moscow bombings, Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group.
* January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (no ...
– Astronomers discover the
rings of Uranus.
*
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
–
1979 International Women's Day protests in Tehran: Protestor involvement peaks with 15,000 Iranian women and girls performing a three‐hour-long sit‐in at the
Courthouse of Tehran.
*
1982 –
Syzygy: All nine planets recognized at this time —
Mercury to
Pluto
Pluto (minor-planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of Trans-Neptunian object, bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. It is the ninth-largest and tenth-most-massive known object to directly orbit the Su ...
— align on the same side of the
Sun.
*
1989
1989 was a turning point in political history with the "Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin W ...
–
Air Ontario Flight 1363, a
Fokker F-28 Fellowship, crashes at
Dryden Regional Airport in
Dryden, Ontario, Canada, killing 24.
*
1990 – In
Haiti
Haiti, officially the Republic of Haiti, is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of the Bahamas. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island, which it shares with the Dominican ...
,
Prosper Avril is ousted eighteen months after seizing power in a
coup d'état
A coup d'état (; ; ), or simply a coup
, is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership. A self-coup is said to take place when a leader, having come to powe ...
in
September 1988.
*
1991
It was the final year of the Cold War, which had begun in 1947. During the year, the Soviet Union Dissolution of the Soviet Union, collapsed, leaving Post-soviet states, fifteen sovereign republics and the Commonwealth of Independent State ...
–
1991 Salvadoran legislative election: The
Nationalist Republican Alliance wins 39 of the 84 seats in the
Legislative Assembly of El Salvador
The Legislative Assembly () is the legislative branch of the government of El Salvador.
History
The organization was founded in 1824 as the Central American Congress ().
Structure
The Salvadoran legislature is a unicameral body.
Until ...
.
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An ex ...
(2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I''
*
2000
2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year.
Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...
– The
Dot-com bubble
The dot-com bubble (or dot-com boom) was a stock market bubble that ballooned during the late-1990s and peaked on Friday, March 10, 2000. This period of market growth coincided with the widespread adoption of the World Wide Web and the Interne ...
peaks with the
NASDAQ Composite
The Nasdaq Composite (ticker symbol ^IXIC) is a stock market index that includes almost all stocks listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. Along with the Dow Jones Industrial Average and S&P 500, it is one of the three most-followed stock market i ...
stock market index reaching 5,048.62.
*
2006
2006 was designated as the International Year of Deserts and Desertification.
Events
January
* January 1– 4 – Russia temporarily cuts shipment of natural gas to Ukraine during a price dispute.
* January 12 – A stampede during t ...
– The ''
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter'' arrives at
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. It is also known as the "Red Planet", because of its orange-red appearance. Mars is a desert-like rocky planet with a tenuous carbon dioxide () atmosphere. At the average surface level the atmosph ...
.
*
2017
2017 was designated as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development by the United Nations General Assembly.
Events January
* January 1 – Istanbul nightclub shooting: A gunman dressed as Santa Claus opens fire at the ...
– The
impeachment
Impeachment is a process by which a legislative body or other legally constituted tribunal initiates charges against a public official for misconduct. It may be understood as a unique process involving both political and legal elements.
In Eur ...
of
President Park Geun-hye
Park Geun-hye (; ; born 2 February 1952) is a South Korean politician who served as the 11th president of South Korea from 2013 until Impeachment of Park Geun-hye, she was removed from office in 2017. Park was the first and to date only woman ...
of
South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ...
in response to a
major political scandal is unanimously upheld by the country's
Constitutional Court
A constitutional court is a high court that deals primarily with constitutional law. Its main authority is to rule on whether laws that are challenged are in fact unconstitutional, i.e. whether they conflict with constitutionally established ru ...
, ending her presidency.
*
2019
This was the year in which the first known human case of COVID-19 was documented, preceding COVID-19 pandemic, the pandemic which was declared by the World Health Organization the following year.
Up to that point, 2019 had been described as ...
–
Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, a
Boeing 737 MAX
The Boeing 737 MAX is a series of narrow-body aircraft developed by Boeing Commercial Airplanes as the fourth generation of the Boeing 737. It succeeds the Boeing 737 Next Generation and incorporates more efficient CFM International LEAP engin ...
, crashes shortly after take off, killing all 157 passengers and crew. This and the prior
Lion Air Flight 610 led to all 387 Boeing 737 MAX aircraft
being grounded worldwide.
*
2022
The year began with another wave in the COVID-19 pandemic, with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, Omicron spreading rapidly and becoming the dominant variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus worldwide. Tracking a decrease in cases and deaths, 2022 saw ...
–
2022 Hungarian presidential election: The
National Assembly of Hungary
The National Assembly ( ) is the parliament of Hungary. The unicameral body consists of 199 (386 between 1990 and 2014) members elected to four-year terms. Election of members is done using a semi-proportional representation: a mixed-member m ...
elects former minister for Family Affairs,
Katalin Novák, as
president of Hungary in a 137–51 vote, becoming the first female president in the country's history.
*
2023
Catastrophic natural disasters in 2023 included the Lists of 21st-century earthquakes, 5th-deadliest earthquake of the 21st century 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes, striking Turkey and Syria, leaving up to 62,000 people dead; Cyclone Freddy ...
–
Silicon Valley Bank collapses due to a
run on its deposits, in the
second largest bank failure in US history. Its operations are taken over by the
FDIC.
*
2024
The year saw the list of ongoing armed conflicts, continuation of major armed conflicts, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Myanmar civil war (2021–present), Myanmar civil war, the Sudanese civil war (2023–present), Sudane ...
–
2024 Portuguese legislative election: Elections are held in Portugal for all 230 seats in the
Assembly of the Republic. The
Partido Socialista loses its absolute majority to the
Partido Social Democrata, winning 77 and 79 seats respectively.
Births
Pre-1600
*
1452 –
Ferdinand II, King of
Castile and
León (died 1516)
*
1503 –
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1564)
*
1536
Year 1536 ( MDXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
*January 6 – The Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, the oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas, is ...
–
Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk
Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, (10 March 1536 or 1538 2 June 1572), was an English nobleman and politician. He was a second cousin of Queen Elizabeth I and held many high offices during the earlier part of her reign.
Norfolk was the s ...
, English politician,
Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (died 1572)
*
1596 –
Princess Maria Elizabeth of Sweden, daughter of King Charles IX of Sweden (died 1618)
1601–1900
*
1604 –
Johann Rudolf Glauber, German-Dutch alchemist and chemist (died 1670)
*
1628
Events
January–March
* January 19 – (26 Jumada al-Awwal 1037 Islamic calendar, A.H.) The reign of Shahryar Mirza, Salef-ud-din Muhammad Shahryar as the Mughal Emperor, Shahryar Mirza, comes to an end a little more than tw ...
–
François Girardon, French sculptor (died 1715)
* 1628 –
Marcello Malpighi
Marcello Malpighi (10 March 1628 – 30 November 1694) was an Italians, Italian biologist and physician, who is referred to as the "founder of microscopical anatomy, histology and father of physiology and embryology". Malpighi's name is borne by ...
, Italian physician and biologist (died 1694)
*
1653 –
John Benbow, Royal Navy admiral (died 1702)
*
1656 –
Giacomo Serpotta, Italian Rococo sculptor (died 1732)
*
1709 –
Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician, and explorer (died 1746)
*
1749 –
Lorenzo Da Ponte
Lorenzo Da Ponte (; 10 March 174917 August 1838) was an Italians, Italian, later American, opera libretto, librettist, poet and Catholic Church, Roman Catholic priest. He wrote the libretti for 28 operas by 11 composers, including three of Wolfgan ...
, Italian-American priest and poet (died 1838)
*
1769
Events
January–March
* February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture ...
–
Joseph Williamson, English businessman and philanthropist (died 1840)
*
1772 –
Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, German poet and critic (died 1829)
*
1777
Events
January–March
* January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...
–
Louis Hersent, French painter (died 1860)
*
1787 –
Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Spanish playwright and politician,
Prime Minister of Spain
The prime minister of Spain, officially president of the Government (), is the head of government of Spain. The prime minister nominates the Spanish government departments, ministers and chairs the Council of Ministers (Spain), Council of Mini ...
(died 1862)
* 1787 –
William Etty, English painter and academic (died 1849)
*
1788
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London.
* January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...
–
Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German author, poet, playwright, and critic (died 1857)
* 1788 –
Edward Hodges Baily, English sculptor (died 1867)
*
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet '' What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election ...
–
Manuel de la Peña y Peña, Mexican lawyer and 20th President (1847) (died 1850)
*
1795
Events
January–June
* January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the CET records dating back to 1659.
* January 14 – The University of North Carolina opens to students at Chapel Hill, becoming the ...
–
Joseph Légaré, Canadian painter and glazier, artist, seigneur and political figure (died 1855)
*
1810 –
Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet and lawyer (died 1886)
*
1843
Events January–March
* January 3 – The '' Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms'' (海國圖志, ''Hǎiguó Túzhì'') compiled by Wei Yuan and others, the first significant Chinese work on the West, is published in China.
* J ...
–
Evelyn Abbott, English classical scholar (died 1901)
*
1844 –
Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist and composer (died 1908)
* 1844 –
Marie Euphrosyne Spartali, British Pre-Raphaelite painter (died 1927)
*
1845
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The Philippines began reckoning Asian dates by hopping the International Date Line through skipping Tuesday, December 31, 1844. That time zone shift was a reform made by Governor–General Narciso ...
–
Alexander III of Russia (died 1894)
*
1846
Events
January–March
* January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom.
* January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway's bridge, over the Venetian Lagoon betwee ...
–
Edward Baker Lincoln, American son of
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th president of the United States, serving from 1861 until Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, his assassination in 1865. He led the United States through the American Civil War ...
(died 1850)
*
1850
Events
January–March
* January 29 – Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the United States Congress.
* January 31 – The University of Rochester is founded in Rochester, New York.
* January – Sacramento, Ca ...
–
Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (died 1906)
*
1853
Events
January–March
* January 6 –
** Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida.
**U.S. President-elect ...
–
Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish-New Zealand cartographer and politician, 18th
Prime Minister of New Zealand
The prime minister of New Zealand () is the head of government of New Zealand. The prime minister, Christopher Luxon, leader of the New Zealand National Party, took office on 27 November 2023.
The prime minister (informally abbreviated to P ...
(died 1930)
*
1867
There were only 354 days this year in the newly purchased territory of Alaska. When the territory transferred from the Russian Empire to the United States, the calendric transition from the Julian to the Gregorian Calendar was made with only 1 ...
–
Hector Guimard
Hector Guimard (, 10 March 1867 – 20 May 1942) was a French architect and designer, and a prominent figure of the Art Nouveau style. He achieved early fame with his design for the Castel Beranger, the first Art Nouveau apartment building i ...
, French-American architect (died 1942)
* 1867 –
Lillian Wald, American nurse, humanitarian, and author, founded the
Henry Street Settlement (died 1940)
*
1870
Events
January
* January 1
** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England.
** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed.
* January 3 – Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge be ...
–
David Riazanov, Russian theorist and politician (died 1938)
*
1873
Events January
* January 1
** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar.
** The California Penal Code goes into effect.
* January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the Unit ...
–
Jakob Wassermann, German-Austrian soldier and author (died 1934)
*
1876
Events
January
* January 1
** The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
** The Bass Brewery Red Triangle becomes the world's first registered trademark symbol.
*January 27 – The Northampton Bank robbery occurs in Massachusetts.
February
* Febr ...
–
Anna Hyatt Huntington, American sculptor (died 1973)
*
1877
Events January
* January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act 1876, introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom .
* January 8 – Great Sioux War of 1876: Batt ...
–
Pascual Ortiz Rubio, Mexican diplomat and president (1930-1932) (died 1963)
*
1881 –
Jessie Boswell, English painter (died 1956)
*
1888 –
Barry Fitzgerald, Irish actor (died 1961)
*
1890
Events
January
* January 1 – The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony in the Horn of Africa.
* January 2 – Alice Sanger becomes the first female staffer in the White House.
* January 11 – 1890 British Ultimatum: The Uni ...
–
Albert Ogilvie, Australian politician, 28th
Premier of Tasmania (died 1939)
*
1892 –
Arthur Honegger
Arthur Honegger (; 10 March 1892 – 27 November 1955) was a Swiss-French composer who was born in France and lived a large part of his life in Paris. Honegger was a member of Les Six. For Halbreich, '' Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher'' is "more even ...
, French composer and educator (died 1955)
* 1892 –
Gregory La Cava
Gregory La Cava (March 10, 1892 – March 1, 1952) was an American film director of Italian descent best known for his films of the 1930s, including ''My Man Godfrey'' and ''Stage Door'', which earned him nominations for Academy Award for Best ...
, American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1952)
*
1896 –
Frederick Coulton Waugh, British cartoonist, painter, teacher and author (died 1973)
*
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15 ...
–
Violet Brown, Jamaican supercentenarian, oldest Jamaican ever (died 2017)
* 1900 –
Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Greek lawyer and politician (died 1943)
1901–present
*
1901 –
Michel Seuphor, Belgian painter (died 1999)
*
1903 –
Edward Bawden
Edward Bawden, (10 March 1903 – 21 November 1989) was an English painter, illustrator and graphic artist, known for his prints, book covers, posters, and garden metalwork furniture. Bawden taught at the Royal College of Art, where he had be ...
, English artist and illustrator (died 1989)
* 1903 –
Bix Beiderbecke
Leon Bismark "Bix" Beiderbecke ( ; March 10, 1903 – August 6, 1931) was an American jazz cornetist, pianist and composer. Beiderbecke was one of the most influential jazz soloists of the 1920s, a cornet player noted for an inventive lyrical a ...
, American cornet player, pianist, and composer (died 1931)
* 1903 –
Clare Boothe Luce, American playwright, journalist, and diplomat,
United States Ambassador to Italy
Since 1840, the United States has had diplomacy, diplomatic representation in the Italian Republic and its predecessor nations, the Kingdom of Sardinia and then the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946), Kingdom of Italy, with a break in relations fro ...
(died 1987)
*
1915 –
Harry Bertoia, Italian-American sculptor and furniture designer (died 1978)
* 1915 –
Joža Horvat, Croatian writer (died 2012)
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
–
David Hare, American Surrealist artist, sculptor, photographer and painter (died 1992)
*
1918
The ceasefire that effectively ended the World War I, First World War took place on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of this year. Also in this year, the Spanish flu pandemic killed 50–100 million people wor ...
–
Günther Rall, German general and pilot (died 2009)
*
1919 –
Leonor Oyarzún, Chilean socialite,
First Lady of Chile from 1990 to 1994 (died 2022)
*
1920 –
Alfred Peet
Alfred H. Peet (March 10, 1920 – August 29, 2007) was a Dutch-American entrepreneur and the founder of Peet's Coffee & Tea in Berkeley, California, in 1966. Peet is widely credited with starting the specialty coffee revolution in the US. Am ...
, Dutch-American businessman, founded
Peet's Coffee & Tea (died 2007)
*
1923 –
Val Logsdon Fitch
Val Logsdon Fitch (March 10, 1923 – February 5, 2015) was an American nuclear physicist who, with co-researcher James Cronin, was awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics for a 1964 experiment using the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron at B ...
, American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (died 2015)
*
1924 –
Judith Jones, American literary and cookbook editor (died 2017)
*
1925
Events January
* January 1 – The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria (1925–1930), State of Syria.
* January 3 – Benito Mussolini m ...
–
Bob Lanier, American lawyer, banker, and politician,
Mayor of Houston (died 2014)
*
1926
In Turkey, the year technically contained only 352 days. As Friday, December 18, 1926 ''(Julian Calendar)'' was followed by Saturday, January 1, 1927 '' (Gregorian Calendar)''. 13 days were dropped to make the switch. Turkey thus became the ...
–
Marques Haynes, American basketball player (died 2015)
*
1927
Events January
* January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the BBC, British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, John Reith becomes the first ...
–
Claude Laydu, Belgian-French actor, producer, and screenwriter (died 2011)
*
1928
Events January
* January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material.
* January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris B ...
–
Sara Montiel, Spanish actress (died 2013)
* 1928 –
James Earl Ray, American criminal; assassin of
Martin Luther King Jr. (died 1998)
*
1929 –
Sam Steiger, American journalist and politician (died 2012)
*
1930 –
Sándor Iharos, Hungarian runner (died 1996)
*
1931 –
Georges Dor, Canadian author, playwright, and composer (died 2001)
*
1932
Events January
* January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
* January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...
–
Marcia Falkender, Baroness Falkender, English politician (died 2019)
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Australian aviator Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independen ...
–
Ralph Emery
Walter Ralph Emery (March 10, 1933 – January 15, 2022) was an American country music disc jockey, radio and television host from McEwen, Tennessee.
Emery promoted numerous stars on his radio and TV shows, and was called the Dick Clark (ent ...
, American country music disc jockey, radio and television host (died 2022)
*
1934
Events
January–February
* January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established.
* January 15 – The 8.0 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, Nepal–Bihar earthquake strik ...
–
Gergely Kulcsár, Hungarian javelin thrower (died 2020)
*
1935
Events
January
* January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims.
* January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
–
Polly Farmer, Australian footballer and coach (died 2019)
*
1936
Events January–February
* January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House.
* January 28 – Death and state funer ...
–
Sepp Blatter
Joseph Sepp Blatter (born Josef Blatter; 10 March 1936) is a Swiss former association football, football administrator who served as the list of Presidents of FIFA, eighth president of FIFA from 1998 to 2015. He has been banned from participatin ...
, Swiss businessman and
eighth president of FIFA
*
1937 –
María Kodama, Argentine writer and translator (died 2023)
*1937 –
Sam Hall, American diver, legislator, and mercenary (died 2014)
*
1938
Events
January
* January 1 – state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS).
* January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Saf ...
–
Norman Blake, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1938 –
Ron Mix, American football player
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the World War II, Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Events related to World War II have a "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Coming into effect in Nazi Ger ...
–
Asghar Ali Engineer, Indian activist and author (died 2013)
* 1939 –
Irina Press, Ukrainian-Russian hurdler and pentathlete (died 2004)
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*Janu ...
–
LeRoy Ellis, American basketball player (died 2012)
* 1940 –
Chuck Norris
Carlos Ray "Chuck" Norris (born March 10, 1940) is an American martial artist and actor. Born in Oklahoma, Norris first gained fame when he won the amateur Middleweight Karate champion title in 1968, which he held for six consecutive years. H ...
, American actor, producer, and martial artist
* 1940 –
David Rabe, American playwright and screenwriter
*
1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 � ...
–
Peter Berresford Ellis
Peter Berresford Ellis (born 10 March 1943) is a British historian, literary biographer, and novelist who has published over 98 books to date either under his own name or his pseudonyms Peter Tremayne and Peter MacAlan. He has also published 10 ...
, English historian and author
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
–
Richard Gant, American actor
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat.
Events
World War II will be ...
–
Katharine Houghton, American actress and playwright
* 1945 –
Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician,
Indian Minister of Railways (died 2001)
*
1946
1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
–
Curley Culp, American football player (died 2021)
* 1946 –
Gérard Garouste, French contemporary artist
* 1946 –
Jim Valvano, American basketball player and coach (died 1993)
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country i ...
–
Kim Campbell, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th
Prime Minister of Canada
The prime minister of Canada () is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the Confidence and supply, confidence of a majority of the elected House of Commons of Canada, House of Commons ...
* 1947 –
Tom Scholz, American musician and songwriter
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
–
Austin Carr, American basketball player
*
1950
Events January
* January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed.
* January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 ...
–
Aloma Wright, American actress
*
1951
Events
January
* January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950).
* January 9 – The Government of the Uni ...
–
Gloria Diaz, Filipino actress and beauty queen,
Miss Universe 1969
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, ...
–
Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwean politician,
Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (died 2018)
*
1953
Events
January
* January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma.
* January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a Estonian government-in-exile, government-in-exile in Oslo.
* January 14
** Marshal Josip Broz Tito ...
–
Paul Haggis, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
*
1955 –
Toshio Suzuki, Japanese race car driver
*
1956
Events
January
* January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan after 57 years.
* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, E ...
–
Robert Llewellyn, English actor, producer, and screenwriter
* 1956 –
Larry Myricks, American long jumper and sprinter
* 1956 –
Odile Buisson, French gynecologist, advocate for women's right to pleasure
*
1957
Events January
* January 1 – The Saarland joins West Germany.
* January 3 – Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric watch.
* January 5 – South African player Russell Endean becomes the first batsman to be Dismissal (cricke ...
–
Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Laden (10 March 19572 May 2011) was a militant leader who was the founder and first general emir of al-Qaeda. Ideologically a pan-Islamist, Bin Laden participated in the Afghan ''mujahideen'' against the Soviet Union, and support ...
, Saudi Arabian terrorist, founded
al-Qaeda
, image = Flag of Jihad.svg
, caption = Jihadist flag, Flag used by various al-Qaeda factions
, founder = Osama bin Laden{{Assassinated, Killing of Osama bin Laden
, leaders = {{Plainlist,
* Osama bin Lad ...
(died 2011)
* 1957 –
Shannon Tweed, Canadian model and actress
*
1958 –
Garth Crooks, English footballer and sportscaster
* 1958 –
Steve Howe, American baseball player (died 2006)
* 1958 –
Sheikh Mohammad Illias, Bengali politician
* 1958 –
Sharon Stone, American actress and producer
*
1961 –
Laurel Clark, American captain, physician, and astronaut (died 2003)
* 1961 –
Mitch Gaylord, American gymnast and actor
*
1962
The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War.
Events January
* January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
–
Jasmine Guy, American actress, singer, and director
* 1962 –
Seiko Matsuda, Japanese singer-songwriter
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cove ...
–
Jeff Ament, American bass player and songwriter
* 1963 –
Rick Rubin
Frederick Jay Rubin (, ; born March 10, 1963) is an American record producer. He is a co-founder of Def Jam Recordings, founder of American Recordings, and former co-president of Columbia Records.
Rubin helped popularize hip hop by produci ...
, American record producer
*
1964 –
Greg Campbell, Australian cricketer
* 1964 –
Neneh Cherry
Neneh Mariann Karlsson (; born 10 March 1964), better known as Neneh Cherry, is a Swedish singer, songwriter, rapper, occasional disc jockey, and broadcaster. Her musical career started in London in the early 1980s, where she performed in a numb ...
, Swedish singer-songwriter
* 1964 –
Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh
Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh (Edward Antony Richard Louis; born 10 March 1964) is a member of the British royal family. He is the youngest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and the youngest sibling of King ...
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
–
Jillian Richardson, Canadian sprinter
* 1965 –
Rod Woodson, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
*
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
–
Edie Brickell, American singer-songwriter
* 1966 –
Mike Timlin, American baseball player
*
1968
Events January–February
* January 1968, January – The I'm Backing Britain, I'm Backing Britain campaign starts spontaneously.
* January 5 – Prague Spring: Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Cze ...
–
Alma Čardžić, Bosnian singer
* 1968 –
Pavel Srníček
Pavel Srníček (10 March 1968 – 29 December 2015) was a Czech association football, football coach and former professional player who played as a goalkeeper (association football), goalkeeper.
In a career that lasted from 1990 to 2007, he not ...
, Czech footballer and coach (died 2015)
*
1969 –
Paget Brewster, American actress
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
–
Jon Hamm, American actor and director
*
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...
–
Beth Buchanan, Australian actress
[Usher, Robin (17 July 2008]
"Swimming in success"
'' SMH.com.au'' (Retrieved: 1 March 2010)
* 1972 –
Matt Kenseth, American NASCAR driver
* 1972 –
Timbaland
Timothy Zachery Mosley (born March 10, 1972), known professionally as Timbaland, is an American record producer and rapper. Born and raised in Norfolk, Virginia, he is widely acclaimed for his distinctive production work and "stuttering" rhythm ...
, American rapper and producer
*
1973
Events January
* January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 14 - The 16-0 19 ...
–
Jason Croker, Australian rugby league player
* 1973 –
Liu Qiangdong, Chinese entrepreneur, billionaire, founder of
JD.com
* 1973 –
Chris Sutton, English footballer
* 1973 –
Mauricio Taricco, Argentine footballer and manager
*
1974 –
Cristián de la Fuente
Cristián Andrés de la Fuente Sabarots (; born March 10, 1974) is a Chilean actor, presenter, model and producer. He began his career appearing in the Chilean telenovelas before moving to United States for starring in television series ''Family ...
, Chilean actor, model, producer, and television host
*
1976
Events January
* January 2 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force.
* January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea.
* January 18 – Full diplomatic ...
–
Barbara Schett, Austrian tennis player
*
1977
Events January
* January 8 – 1977 Moscow bombings, Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group.
* January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (no ...
–
Shannon Miller, American gymnast
* 1977 –
Robin Thicke, American singer, songwriter, and record producer
* 1977 –
Bree Turner, American actress
*
1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd ...
–
Benjamin Burnley, American musician
* 1978 –
Camille, French singer-songwriter and actress
*
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
–
Edi Gathegi, Kenyan-American actor
* 1979 –
Danny Pudi, American actor
*
1981
Events January
* January 1
** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union.
** Palau becomes a self-governing territory.
* January 6 – A funeral service is held in West Germany for Nazi Grand Admiral ...
–
Samuel Eto'o
Samuel Eto'o Fils (; born 10 March 1981) is a Cameroonian Association football, football administrator and former Football player, player who is the current president of the Cameroonian Football Federation. He is often regarded as one of the ...
, Cameroonian footballer
* 1981 –
Steven Reid, English-Irish footballer
*
1982 –
Kwame Brown, American basketball player
* 1982 –
Dr Disrespect, American live streamer
* 1982 –
Logan Mankins
Logan Lee Mankins (born March 10, 1982) is an American former professional American football, football player who was a guard (gridiron football), guard for 11 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the New England Patrio ...
, American football player
* 1982 –
Thomas Middleditch, Canadian-American comedian and actor
*
1983
1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call.
Events January
* January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning of the ...
–
Étienne Boulay, Canadian football player
* 1983 –
Janet Mock, American journalist, author, and activist
* 1983 –
Rafe Spall, English actor
* 1983 –
Carrie Underwood, American singer-songwriter
*
1984
Events
January
* January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888.
* January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeas ...
–
Tim Brent, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1984 –
Ben May, English footballer
* 1984 –
Olivia Wilde
Olivia Wilde (born Olivia Jane Cockburn, , March 10, 1984) is an American actress and director. She played Thirteen (House), Remy "Thirteen" Hadley on the medical-drama television series ''House (TV series), House'' (2007–2012), and appeared ...
, American actress and director
*
1986 –
Sergei Shirokov, Russian ice hockey player
*
1987
Events January
* January 1 – Bolivia reintroduces the Boliviano currency.
* January 2 – Chadian–Libyan conflict – Battle of Fada: The Military of Chad, Chadian army destroys a Libyan armoured brigade.
* January 3 – Afghan leader ...
–
Martellus Bennett, American football player
* 1987 –
Greg Eastwood, New Zealand rugby league player
* 1987 –
Tuukka Rask
Tuukka Mikael Rask (born 10 March 1987) is a Finns, Finnish former professional ice hockey Goaltender (ice hockey), goaltender. Rask was drafted 21st overall in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft by the Toronto Maple Leafs before being traded to the Boston ...
, Finnish ice hockey player
* 1987 –
Emeli Sandé, British singer-songwriter
* 1987 –
Māris Štrombergs, Latvian BMX racer
*
1988 –
Clarissa dos Santos, Brazilian basketball player
* 1988 –
Josh Hoffman, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
* 1988 –
Ego Nwodim, American actress
* 1988 –
Quincy Pondexter, American basketball player and coach
* 1988 –
Ivan Rakitić, Croatian football player
*
1989
1989 was a turning point in political history with the "Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin W ...
–
Simon Moser, Swiss ice hockey player
* 1989 –
Dayán Viciedo, Cuban baseball player
*
1990 –
Stefanie Vögele
Stefanie Vögele (born 10 March 1990) is a Swiss professional tennis player. She achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 42 on 11 November 2013. Her highest WTA rankings, WTA ranking in doubles is 100, which she reached on 5 January ...
, Swiss tennis player
*
1992
1992 was designated as International Space Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General.
* January 6
** The Republ ...
–
Neeskens Kebano, French-Congolese footballer
* 1992 –
Emily Osment, American actress and singer-songwriter
*
1993
The United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as:
* International Year for the World's Indigenous People
The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its ...
–
Jack Butland, English footballer
* 1993 –
Aminata Namasia, Congolese politician
*
1994
The year 1994 was designated as the " International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations.
In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitti ...
–
Bad Bunny, Puerto Rican rapper, songwriter, producer, actor, and wrestler
* 1994 –
Nikita Parris, English footballer
*
1995
1995 was designated as:
* United Nations Year for Tolerance
* World Year of Peoples' Commemoration of the Victims of the Second World War
This was the first year that the Internet was entirely privatized, with the United States government ...
–
Zach LaVine, American basketball player
* 1995 –
Sergey Mozgov, Russian ice dancer
*
1997
Events January
* January 1 – The Emergency Alert System is introduced in the United States.
* January 11 – Turkey threatens Cyprus on account of a deal to buy Russian S-300 missiles, prompting the Cypriot Missile Crisis.
* January 1 ...
–
Belinda Bencic, Swiss tennis player
*
1998
1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''.
Events January
* January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for Lunar water, frozen water, in soil i ...
–
Justin Herbert
Justin Patrick Herbert (born March 10, 1998) is an American professional American football, football quarterback for the Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Oregon Ducks football, Orego ...
, American football player
*
1999
1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons.
Events January
* January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers.
* January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
–
Cole Kmet, American football player
*
2000
2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year.
Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...
–
Nick Bolton, American football player
*
2002
The effects of the September 11 attacks of the previous year had a significant impact on the affairs of 2002. The war on terror was a major political focus. Without settled international law, several nations engaged in anti-terror operation ...
–
Keon Johnson, American basketball player
*
2004
2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and Its Abolition (by UNESCO).
Events January
* January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 60 ...
–
Matt Poitras, Canadian ice hockey player
*
2008
2008 was designated as:
*International Year of Languages
*International Year of Planet Earth
*International Year of the Potato
*International Year of Sanitation
The Great Recession, a worldwide recession which began in 2007, continued throu ...
–
Francesco Camarda, Italian footballer
Deaths
Pre-1600
*
483 –
Pope Simplicius
*
948 –
Liu Zhiyuan
Liu Zhiyuan () (March 4, 895 – March 10, 948), later changed to Liu Gao (), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Gaozu of Later Han (), was the founding Emperor of China, emperor of the Shatuo-led Chinese Later Han (Five Dynasties), Lat ...
,
Shatuo founder of the
Later Han dynasty (born 895)
*
1291 –
Arghun, Mongol ruler in
Persia
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...
(born c. 1258)
*
1315 –
Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic
*
1513 –
John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, English commander and politician,
Lord High Constable of England
The Lord High Constable of England is the seventh of the Great Officers of State (United Kingdom), Great Officers of State, ranking beneath the Lord Great Chamberlain and above the Earl Marshal. This office is now called out of abeyance only for ...
(born 1442)
*
1528
__NOTOC__
Year 1528 ( MDXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, there is also a Leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
Events
January–March
* January 12 – Gustav I of Sweden is ...
–
Balthasar Hübmaier, German/Moravian Anabaptist leader
*
1572 –
William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester
*
1585 –
Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (born 1517)
1601–1900
*
1682
Events
January–March
* January 7 – The Republic of Genoa forbids the unauthorized printing of newspapers and all handwritten newssheets; the ban is lifted after three months.
* January 12 – Scottish minister James Ren ...
– Jacob van Ruisdael, Dutch painter and etcher (born 1628)
*1724 – Urban Hjärne, Swedish chemist, geologist, and physician (born 1641)
*1776 – Élie Catherine Fréron, French author and critic (born 1718)
*1792 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Scottish politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1713)
*1826 – John Pinkerton, Scottish antiquarian, cartographer, author, numismatist and historian (born 1758)
*1832 – Muzio Clementi, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1752)
*
1861 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet, playwright, and ethnographer (born 1814)
*1872 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian journalist and politician (born 1805)
*1895 – Charles Frederick Worth, English-French fashion designer (born 1825)
*1897 – Savitribai Phule, Indian poet and activist (born 1831)
*1898 – Marie-Eugénie de Jésus, French nun and saint, founded the Religious of the Assumption (born 1817)
1901–present
*1910 – Karl Lueger, Austrian lawyer and politician List of mayors of Vienna, Mayor of Vienna (born 1844)
* 1910 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1824)
*1913 – Harriet Tubman, American nurse and activist (born c. 1820)
*
1925
Events January
* January 1 – The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria (1925–1930), State of Syria.
* January 3 – Benito Mussolini m ...
– Myer Prinstein, Polish-American jumper (born 1878)
*
1937 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian journalist and author (born 1884)
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*Janu ...
– Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian novelist and playwright (born 1891)
*1942 – Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacist and chemist (born 1865)
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
– Zelda Fitzgerald, American author, visual artist, and ballet dancer (born 1900)
* 1948 – Jan Masaryk, Czech soldier and politician (born 1886)
*
1951
Events
January
* January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950).
* January 9 – The Government of the Uni ...
– Kijūrō Shidehara, Japanese lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Japan (born 1872)
*
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
– Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (born 1888)
* 1966 – Frank O'Connor, Irish short story writer, novelist, and poet (born 1903)
*
1973
Events January
* January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 14 - The 16-0 19 ...
– Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale, Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale (1960 – 1973), Governor of Kenya (1952 – 1959), High Commissioner for Southern Africa (1944 – 1951), Governor of Southern Rhodesia (1942 – 1944) (born 1903)
* 1973 – Li Mi (Republic of China general), Li Mi, Chinese lieutenant general and anti-communist, Taiwanese nationalist (born 1902)
[Jonathan Spence, Spence, Jonathan D. ''The Search for Modern China'', W.W. Norton and Company. (1999) pp. 527–528. .]
* 1973 – Richard Sharples, British politician, incumbent Governor of Bermuda (1972–1973) (born 1916)
*
1977
Events January
* January 8 – 1977 Moscow bombings, Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group.
* January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (no ...
– E. Power Biggs, English-American organist and composer (born 1906)
*1985 – Konstantin Chernenko, Russian soldier and politician, List of heads of state of the Soviet Union, Head of State of The Soviet Union (born 1911)
* 1985 – Bob Nieman, American baseball player (born 1927)
*
1986 – Ray Milland, Welsh-American actor and director (born 1907)
*
1988 – Andy Gibb, Australian singer-songwriter and actor (born 1958)
*
1992
1992 was designated as International Space Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General.
* January 6
** The Republ ...
– Giorgos Zampetas, Greek bouzouki player and composer (born 1925)
*1996 – Ross Hunter, American film producer (born 1926)
*
1997
Events January
* January 1 – The Emergency Alert System is introduced in the United States.
* January 11 – Turkey threatens Cyprus on account of a deal to buy Russian S-300 missiles, prompting the Cypriot Missile Crisis.
* January 1 ...
– LaVern Baker, American singer and actress (born 1929)
*
1998
1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''.
Events January
* January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for Lunar water, frozen water, in soil i ...
– Lloyd Bridges, American actor and director (born 1913)
*
1999
1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons.
Events January
* January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers.
* January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
– Oswaldo Guayasamín, Ecuadorian painter and sculptor (born 1919)
*2005 – Dave Allen (comedian), Dave Allen, Irish-English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (born 1936)
*2007 – Ernie Ladd, American football player and wrestler (born 1938)
*2010 – Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy, Egyptian scholar and academic (born 1928)
* 2010 – Corey Haim, Canadian actor (born 1971)
*2011 – Bill Blackbeard, American author and illustrator (born 1926)
*2012 – Jean Giraud, French author and illustrator (born 1938)
* 2012 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1927)
*2013 – Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, British born Swedish Princess (born1915)
*2015 – Richard Glatzer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1952)
*2016 – Ken Adam, German-English production designer and art director (born 1921)
* 2016 – Roberto Perfumo, Argentinian footballer and sportscaster (born 1942)
* 2016 – Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician, 14th President of the Senate of the Philippines (born 1920)
* 2016 – Anita Brookner, English novelist and art historian (born 1928)
*
2022
The year began with another wave in the COVID-19 pandemic, with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, Omicron spreading rapidly and becoming the dominant variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus worldwide. Tracking a decrease in cases and deaths, 2022 saw ...
– John Elliott (historian), John Elliott, English historian and academic (born 1930)
*2025 – Stanley R. Jaffe, American film producer and director (born 1940)
*2025 – Carl Lundström, Swedish businessman and activist (born 1960)
Holidays and observances
*Christian feast day
**Saint Attala, Attala
**Harriet Tubman (Calendar of Saints (Lutheran), Lutheran)
**John Ogilvie (saint), John Ogilvie
**Macarius of Jerusalem
**Marie-Eugénie de Jésus
**
Pope Simplicius
**Sojourner Truth (Calendar of Saints (Lutheran), Lutheran)
**March 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Harriet Tubman Day (United States, United States of America)
*Holocaust Memorial Days, Holocaust Remembrance Day (Bulgaria)
*Mario#Legacy, Mario Day (Globalization, Globally)
*Men's Day (Poland)
*AIDS.gov, National Women and Girls HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)
*Székely Freedom Day (Romania)
*Tibetan Uprising Day (Tibetan independence movement)
References
External links
BBC: On This Day*
Historical Events on March 10
{{months
Days of March