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Meta-cognition
Metacognition is an awareness of one's thought processes and an understanding of the patterns behind them. The term comes from the root word '' meta'', meaning "beyond", or "on top of".Metcalfe, J., & Shimamura, A. P. (1994). ''Metacognition: knowing about knowing''. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Metacognition can take many forms, such as reflecting on one's ways of thinking, and knowing when and how oneself and others use particular strategies for problem-solving. There are generally two components of metacognition: (1) cognitive conceptions and (2) cognitive regulation system.Hartelt, T. & Martens, H. (2024). Influence of self-assessment and conditional metaconceptual knowledge on students' self-regulation of intuitive and scientific conceptions of evolution. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 61(5), 1134–1180. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21938 Research has shown that both components of metacognition play key roles in metaconceptual knowledge and learning. Metamemory, defined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metacognition
Metacognition is an awareness of one's thought processes and an understanding of the patterns behind them. The term comes from the root word ''Meta (prefix), meta'', meaning "beyond", or "on top of".Metcalfe, J., & Shimamura, A. P. (1994). ''Metacognition: knowing about knowing''. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Metacognition can take many forms, such as reflecting on one's ways of thinking, and knowing when and how oneself and others use particular strategies for Problem solving, problem-solving. There are generally two components of metacognition: (1) cognitive conceptions and (2) cognitive regulation system.Hartelt, T. & Martens, H. (2024). Influence of self-assessment and conditional metaconceptual knowledge on students' self-regulation of intuitive and scientific conceptions of evolution. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 61(5), 1134–1180. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21938 Research has shown that both components of metacognition play key roles in metaconceptual knowledge and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Self-awareness
In philosophy of self, philosophy, self-awareness is the awareness and reflection of one's own personality or individuality, including traits, feelings, and behaviors. It is not to be confused with consciousness in the sense of qualia. While consciousness is being aware of one's body and environment, self-awareness is the Metacognition, recognition of that consciousness. Self-awareness is how an individual experiences and understands their own Character structure, character, feelings, Motivation, motives, and desires. Biology Mirror neurons Researchers are investigating which part of the brain allows people to be self-aware and how people are biologically programmed to be self-aware. Vilayanur S. Ramachandran, V.S. Ramachandran speculates that mirror neurons may provide the neurological basis of human self-awareness. In an essay written for Edge.org in 2009, Ramachandran gave the following explanation of his theory: "[T]hese neurons can not only help simulate other people's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Executive Functions
In cognitive science and neuropsychology, executive functions (collectively referred to as executive function and cognitive control) are a set of cognitive processes that support goal-directed behavior, by regulating thoughts and actions through cognitive control, selecting and successfully monitoring actions that facilitate the attainment of chosen objectives. Executive functions include basic cognitive processes such as attentional control, cognitive inhibition, inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Higher-order executive functions require the simultaneous use of multiple basic executive functions and include planning and fluid intelligence (e.g., reasoning and problem-solving). Executive functions gradually develop and change across the lifespan of an individual and can be improved at any time over the course of a person's life. Similarly, these cognitive processes can be adversely affected by a variety of events which affect an individual. Bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Educational Psychology Review
''Educational Psychology Review'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal on the topic of educational psychology started in 1989, published by Springer Science+Business Media. Between 1999 and 2014, its highest impact factor was 2.83 in 2013, with 2023 impact factor of 10.1 (journal rank is #1 and #2 in the Educational Psychology and Education category, respectively). Its editor in chief is Fred Paas ( Erasmus University Rotterdam and University of Wollongong). It is considered one of the "big five" educational psychology journals (along with '' Cognition and Instruction'', '' Journal of Educational Psychology'', ''Educational Psychologist'', and ''Contemporary Educational Psychology ''Contemporary Educational Psychology'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal on the topic of educational psychology. Its editor-in-chief is P. Karen Murphy (Pennsylvania State University The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State or PSU) ...'').{{cite journal , last1=Mitchell , first1=Anita , l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procedural Knowledge
Procedural knowledge (also known as know-how, knowing-how, and sometimes referred to as practical knowledge, imperative knowledge, or performative knowledge) is the knowledge exercised in the performance of some task. Unlike descriptive knowledge (also known as declarative knowledge, propositional knowledge or "knowing-that"), which involves knowledge of specific facts or propositions (e.g. "I know that snow is white"), procedural knowledge involves one's ability to ''do'' something (e.g. "I know how to change a flat tire"). A person does not need to be able to verbally articulate their procedural knowledge in order for it to count as knowledge, since procedural knowledge requires only knowing how to correctly perform an action or exercise a skill. The term ''procedural knowledge'' has narrower but related technical uses in both cognitive psychology and intellectual property, intellectual property law. Overview Procedural knowledge (i.e., knowledge-how) is different from descrip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Educational Psychologist (journal)
The ''Educational Psychologist'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Routledge on behalf of Division 15 (Educational Psychology) of the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1963 and the current co-editors are Jeffrey A. Greene (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) and Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia (Michigan State University). The journal publishes conceptual, theoretical, and review articles (including meta-analyses), rather than empirical studies, on all aspects of educational psychology and learning in formal and informal educational environments. It is considered one of the "big five" educational psychology journals (along with ''Cognition and Instruction'', '' Journal of Educational Psychology'', '' Educational Psychology Review'', and ''Contemporary Educational Psychology''). According to the ''Journal Citation Reports ''Journal Citation Reports'' (''JCR'') is an annual publication by Clarivate. It has been integrated with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Systemics
In the context of systems science and systems philosophy, systemics is an initiative to study systems. It is an attempt at developing logical, mathematical, engineering and philosophical paradigms and frameworks in which physical, technological, biological, social, cognitive and metaphysical systems can be studied and modeled. The term "systemics" was coined in the 1970s by Mario Bunge and others, as an alternative paradigm for research related to general systems theory and systems science. Mario Bunge (1979). ''A World of Systems''. Dordrecht; Boston: Reidel, p. 1. See also * Autopoiesis * Cybernetics * Dynamic system * Integral theory * Meta-knowledge * Meta-system * Meta-theory * Relativism * Reliabilism * System engineering * Scientific paradigm * Socio-cognitive * System dynamics * Systemography * Systems theory Systems theory is the Transdisciplinarity, transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scientific Modelling
Scientific modelling is an activity that produces models representing empirical objects, phenomena, and physical processes, to make a particular part or feature of the world easier to understand, define, quantify, visualize, or simulate. It requires selecting and identifying relevant aspects of a situation in the real world and then developing a model to replicate a system with those features. Different types of models may be used for different purposes, such as conceptual models to better understand, operational models to operationalize, mathematical models to quantify, computational models to simulate, and graphical models to visualize the subject. Modelling is an essential and inseparable part of many scientific disciplines, each of which has its own ideas about specific types of modelling. The following was said by John von Neumann. There is also an increasing attention to scientific modelling in fields such as science education, philosophy of science, systems theor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capability of computer, computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. It is a field of research in computer science that develops and studies methods and software that enable machines to machine perception, perceive their environment and use machine learning, learning and intelligence to take actions that maximize their chances of achieving defined goals. High-profile applications of AI include advanced web search engines (e.g., Google Search); recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon (company), Amazon, and Netflix); virtual assistants (e.g., Google Assistant, Siri, and Amazon Alexa, Alexa); autonomous vehicles (e.g., Waymo); Generative artificial intelligence, generative and Computational creativity, creative tools (e.g., ChatGPT and AI art); and Superintelligence, superhuman play and analysis in strategy games (e.g., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prefrontal Cortex
In mammalian brain anatomy, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) covers the front part of the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex. It is the association cortex in the frontal lobe. The PFC contains the Brodmann areas BA8, BA9, BA10, BA11, BA12, BA13, BA14, BA24, BA25, BA32, BA44, BA45, BA46, and BA47. This brain region is involved in a wide range of higher-order cognitive functions, including speech formation (Broca's area), gaze ( frontal eye fields), working memory ( dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), and risk processing (e.g. ventromedial prefrontal cortex). The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals. Many authors have indicated an integral link between a person's will to live, personality, and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. This brain region has been implicated in executive functions, such as planning, decision making, working memory, personality expression, moderating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognitive Neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is the scientific field that is concerned with the study of the Biology, biological processes and aspects that underlie cognition, with a specific focus on the neural connections in the brain which are involved in mental processes. It addresses the questions of how cognitive activities are affected or controlled by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both neuroscience and psychology, overlapping with disciplines such as behavioral neuroscience, cognitive psychology, physiological psychology and affective neuroscience.Gazzaniga 2002, p. xv Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neurobiology, and Computational neuroscience, computational modeling. Parts of the brain play an important role in this field. Neurons play the most vital role, since the main point is to establish an understanding of cognition from a neural perspective, along with the different lobes of the cerebra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gavriel Salomon
Gavriel Salomon (Hebrew: ; October 1938 – January 2016) was an Israeli educational psychologist who conducted research on cognition and instruction. He was a Professor Emeritus in the department of education at the University of Haifa. Early life and education Career He served as the Editor in Chief of the ''Educational Psychologist''. Salomon conducted research on the relationship between media and learning, with particular focus on television and computer technologies. He also studied the concept of transfer of learning—how skills and knowledge acquired in one context apply to another. At the University of Haifa, he served as Dean of the Faculty of Education and founded the Center for Research on Peace Education. His work in peace education included initiatives involving Israeli and Palestinian educators and students. In addition to academic publications, Salomon contributed to discussions on education policy in Israel, especially in areas related to media literacy a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
