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Fabrosaurid
Ornithischia () is an extinct clade of mainly herbivorous dinosaurs characterized by a pelvic structure superficially similar to that of birds. The name ''Ornithischia'', or "bird-hipped", reflects this similarity and is derived from the Greek stem ' (), meaning "bird", and ' (), meaning "hip". However, as theropod dinosaurs, birds are only distantly related to this group. Ornithischians with well known anatomical adaptations include the ceratopsians or "horn-faced" dinosaurs (e.g. ''Triceratops''), the pachycephalosaurs or "thick-headed" dinosaurs, the armored dinosaurs (Thyreophora) such as stegosaurs and ankylosaurs, and the ornithopods. There is strong evidence that certain groups of ornithischians lived in herds, often segregated by age group, with juveniles forming their own flocks separate from adults. Some were at least partially covered in filamentous (hair- or feather- like) pelts, and there is much debate over whether these filaments found in specimens of ''Tianyulong' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pisanosaurus
''Pisanosaurus'' ( ) is an extinct genus of early dinosauriform, likely an ornithischian or silesaurid, from the Late Triassic of Argentina. It was a small, lightly built, ground-dwelling herbivore, that could grow up to an estimated long. Only one species, the type, ''Pisanosaurus mertii'', is known, based on a single partial skeleton discovered in the Ischigualasto Formation of the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina. This part of the formation has been dated to the late Carnian, approximately 229 million years ago. Discovery and naming ''Pisanosaurus'' is known from a single fragmented skeleton discovered in 1962 by Galileo Juan Scaglia at the Hoyada del Cerro Las Lajas locality (also known as Agua de Las Catas) in the Ischigualasto Formation of La Rioja Province, Argentina. The genus is based on a specimen given the designation PVL 2577, which consists of a partial skull including a fragmentary right maxilla with teeth, and incomplete right ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Heterodontosaurus
''Heterodontosaurus'' is a genus of heterodontosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic, 200–190 million years ago. Its only known member species, ''Heterodontosaurus tucki'', was named in 1962 based on a skull discovered in South Africa. The genus name means "different toothed lizard", in reference to its unusual, heterodont dentition; the specific name honours G. C. Tuck, who supported the discoverers. Further specimens have since been found, including an almost complete skeleton in 1966. Though it was a small dinosaur, ''Heterodontosaurus'' was one of the largest members of its family, reaching between and possibly in length, and weighing between . The skull was elongated, narrow, and triangular when viewed from the side. The front of the jaws were covered in a horny beak. It had three types of teeth; in the upper jaw, small, incisor-like teeth were followed by long, canine-like tusks. A gap divided the tusks from the chisel-like cheek-teeth. The body was s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Heterodontosauridae
Heterodontosauridae is a family (biology), family of ornithischian dinosaurs that were likely among the most Basal (phylogenetics), basal (primitive) members of the group. Their phylogenetic placement is uncertain but they are most commonly found outside of the group Genasauria. Although their fossils are relatively rare and their group small in numbers, they have been found on all continents except Australia (continent), Australia and Antarctica, with a range spanning the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. Heterodontosaurids were fox-sized dinosaurs less than in length, including a long tail. They are known mainly for their characteristic teeth, including enlarged canine (tooth), canine-like tusks and cheek teeth adapted for chewing, Analogy (biology), analogous to those of Cretaceous hadrosaurids. Their diet was herbivore, herbivorous or possibly omnivore, omnivorous. Description Among heterodontosaurids, only ''Heterodontosaurus'' itself is known from a complete ske ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Alocodon
''Alocodon'' is a genus of ornithischian dinosaur known from multiple teeth from the Middle or Late Jurassic Cabaços Formation of Portugal, and also the Forest Marble and Chipping Norton Formations of England. A single species is known, ''A. kuehnei''. Discovery and naming The taxon was first described in 1973 by Richard A. Thulborn for an assemblage of teeth from the Pedrógão locality of Portugal, distinguished by an enlarged central denticle on the teeth, with the name taken from the Greek ''alox'' and ''odon'' meaning 'furrow tooth'. The type specimen, a single tooth, is stored in the Museu Geológico do Instituto Geológico e Mineiro in Lisbon, Portugal, formerly having been kept in the collections of the Free University of Berlin as IPFUB P X 1, and comes from an individual under in length. Though it was originally described as having been found in an unnamed deposit in the Portuguese Leiria District of upper Callovian age, it was identified as having come from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Trimucrodon
''Trimucrodon'' is a genus of ornithischian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Lourinhã Formation of Portugal. The type, and currently only, species is ''T. cuneatus''. Discovery and naming Three isolated teeth found at the Porto Dinheiro (or Pinhiero) locality in the Lisboa District of Portugal were given the name in 1973 by Richard A. Thulborn, derived from the Latin words for "three" and a dagger point, and , and the Ancient Greek word for "tooth". The only species in the taxon is ''Trimucrodon cuneatus'', taken from the wedge shape of the teeth. Though the unit the specimens came from was originally unnamed, it was referred to the Alcobaça, and then Lourinhã Formations, specifically the late Kimmeridgian Amoreira–Porto Novo Member. The type specimen, uncovered between 1962 and 1967 by German zoologist and paleontologist Georg Krusat, is distinguished by prominent denticles at the front and rear ends of the crown, and comes from an individual under long.G. Krusat, 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lewisuchus
''Lewisuchus'' is a genus of archosaur that lived during the Late Triassic (early Carnian). As a silesaurid dinosauriform, it was a member of the group of reptiles most commonly considered to be the closest relatives of dinosaurs (possibly true dinosaurs themselves). ''Lewisuchus'' was about long. Fossils have been found in the Chañares Formation of Argentina. It exhibited osteoderms along its back. History The first remains of ''Lewisuchus'' were discovered in a 1964-1965 joint expedition by the Museo de La Plata and Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology. These remains were preserved in a carbonate nodule recovered from the Chañares Formation of Argentina. It contained a partial skeleton of ''Lewisuchus'', including parts of the skull, braincase, many vertebrae, scapulocoracoids, humeri, and tibiae. A gomphodont and bones from several other species of archosaurs were also preserved in the same nodule. An isolated lower jaw and foot bones were also initially refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lutungutali
''Lutungutali'' (meaning "high hip" in the Bemba language) is an extinct genus of silesaurid dinosauriform from the Middle Triassic of Zambia. The single type species of the genus is ''Lutungutali sitwensis''. ''Lutungutali'' was named in 2013 and described from a fossil specimen, holotype NHCC LB32, including hip bones and tail vertebrae. The specimen was collected in 2009 from the upper Ntawere Formation, which dates to the Anisian stage of the Middle Triassic. ''Lutungutali'' is the first known silesaurid from Zambia and, along with the Tanzanian silesaurid '' Asilisaurus'' and dinosauriform ''Nyasasaurus'', the oldest bird-line archosaur known from body fossils (i.e. parts of the skeleton). Description ''Lutungutali'' is known from parts of its pelvis and from four caudal vertebrae that make up the base of the tail. These bones represent one individual, although bones that may belong to ''Lutungutali'' representing eight other individuals were collected from the same fossi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Kwanasaurus
''Kwanasaurus'' is an extinct genus of Silesauridae, silesaurid Dinosauromorpha, dinosauromorph reptiles from the Late Triassic of Colorado. It is known from a single species, ''Kwanasaurus williamparkeri''. ''Kwanasaurus'' had a deeper, stronger skull and greater specialization for herbivory compared to other silesaurids. It also possessed many unique characteristics of the snout, Ilium (bone), ilium, and lower part of the femur. It was described along with new specimens of ''Dromomeron'' from the Eagle Basin, the northernmost extent of the Chinle Formation. Discovery ''Kwanasaurus'' hails from Triassic deposits in the Eagle Basin surrounding the town of Eagle, Colorado. This area contains the most northern exposures of the Chinle Formation, which is famous for its Late Triassic fossils of dinosaurs and other reptiles. Tentative terrestrial reptile biostratigraphy estimates that the Eagle Basin fossils, which were preserved in red siltstone, belong to the Revueltian biozone of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ignotosaurus
''Ignotosaurus'' is an extinct genus of silesaurid dinosauriform known from the Late Triassic (Carnian) Cancha de Bochas Member of the Ischigualasto Formation in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina.Martínez et al., 2013 It was therefore contemporary with early dinosaurs such as ''Herrerasaurus,'' and lived in the same place. Etymology The name, meaning 'unknown lizard' from the Latin 'ignotus' 'unknown' and the Greek '' 'lizard', is quite apt as there is only one specimen known and this specimen is only known from the right ilium. This ilium is approximately long, but it is difficult to say accurately how large ''Ignotosaurus'' was. Description The ilium is slender, and its blade has an extremely thin central portion (only thick), hence the specific name 'fragilis'. It has the saddle-shaped lateral profile of most silesaurids, and is longer than it is deep. The acetabulum has a back wall created by a ventral flange and this closes a socket ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Gongbusaurus
''Gongbusaurus'' is a genus of ornithischian, perhaps ornithopod, dinosaur that lived between about 160 and 157 million years ago, in the Late Jurassic period. A small herbivore, it is very poorly known. Two species have been assigned to it, but as the original name is based on teeth, there is no concrete evidence to connect the two species. Its fossils have been found in China. Description ''Gongbusaurus'', by extrapolation from the remains of possible species "G." ''wucaiwanensis'' and other basal ornithopods, was a herbivorous bipedal animal around long. The tibia of "G." ''wucaiwanensis'' is 19.5 centimetres long. It would have been a strong runner. Classification Dong Zhiming, Zhou Shiwu, and Zhang Zicheng, who originally described the type species ''G. shiyii'', thought it was most similar to ''Fabrosaurus'' and assigned it to the nebulous Fabrosauridae. Upon description of the second species "G." ''wucaiwanensis'' several years later, Dong elected to assign it to Hyps ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Gamatavus
''Gamatavus'' (meaning "Picada do Gama great-grandfather") is a genus of silesaurid dinosauriform from the Middle Triassic Santa Maria Formation of Dilermando de Aguiar Municipality, Brazil. The genus contains a single species, ''G. antiquus'', known from a partial ilium. ''Gamatavus'' represents one of the oldest silesaurids known from South America, alongside the roughly coeval '' Gondwanax''. Discovery and naming The ''Gamatavus'' holotype specimen, UFSM 11348a, was discovered in the ''Dinodontosaurus'' Assemblage Zone of the Santa Maria Formation (‘Picada do Gama’ site), dated to the Ladinian–early Carnian stages of the Middle Triassic. It consists of a partial right ilium. A partial left femur and four incomplete vertebrae were found in association with the holotype, but they were not assigned to ''Gamatavus''. In 2022, Pretto et al. described ''Gamatavus antiquus'' as a new genus and species of silesaurid based on these remains. The generic name, "''Gamatav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Eucoelophysis
''Eucoelophysis'' (meaning "true hollow form") is a genus of silesaurid dinosauriform from the Late Triassic (Norian) period Chinle Formation of New Mexico. It was assumed to be a coelophysid upon description, but a study by Nesbitt ''et al.'' found that it was actually a close relative of '' Silesaurus'', which was independently supported by Ezcurra (2016), who found it to be the sister group to Dinosauria, and ''Silesaurus'' as the next most basal taxon. History and naming In the 1880s, David Baldwin collected vertebrates from the Late Triassic of north-central New Mexico for American paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope, who would then place these specimens in 1887 in ''Coelurus'' as the new species '' Coelurus bauri'' and '' Coelurus longicollis''. Recognizing them as a separate genus from ''Coelurus'' later in 1887, he moved ''C. bauri'' and ''C. longicollis'' to '' Tanystropheus'', and also named the new species '' Tanystrophaeus willistoni''. In 1889 he again revisited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
