|
Zuzan Al-Akrad
Zawzan also known as Zuzan al-Akrad was a historical mountainous area, it refers to a region cited in medieval Islamic sources that stretched from northeast of Jazira, all the way to north west of Azerbaijan.James, B. “Le « territoire tribal des Kurdes » et l’Aire Iraqienne (Xe-XIIIe Siècles): Esquisse des Recompositions Spatiales.” Revue des Mondes Musulmans et de la Méditerranée 117-118 (2007).101-126. Name and usage The name Zozān or Zuzan ( ) is derived from Kurdish (, ; ), while al-Akrad ( ) is the Arabic word for "Kurds". It literally means "Zozan of the Kurds". The region is also mentioned as Bilad Zuzan, Nahiyat al-Zuzan and Zuzan al-Akrad. Territory and location As historical evidence, various historians and contemporary witnesses are used to locate Zuzan: * according to Yaqut al-Hamawi: "Zuzan region is located in the center of the Armenian mountains between Akhlat, Azerbaijan, Diyar-Bakr and Mosul." * According to Ibn al-Athir: "Zuzan is a vast regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Region
In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and the environment (environmental geography). Geographic regions and sub-regions are mostly described by their imprecisely defined, and sometimes transitory boundaries, except in human geography, where Jurisdiction (area), jurisdiction areas such as national borders are defined in law. More confined or well bounded portions are called ''locations'' or ''places''. Apart from the Earth, global continental regions, there are also hydrosphere, hydrospheric and atmosphere, atmospheric regions that cover the oceans, and discrete climates above the land mass, land and water mass, water masses of the planet. The land and water global regions are divided into subregions geographically bounded by large geological feature ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Tribes
Kurdish tribes are tribes of Kurds, Kurdish people, an ethnic group from the geo-cultural region of Kurdistan in West Asia, Western Asia. The tribes are socio-political and generally also a territorial unit based on descent and kinship, real or putative, with a characteristic internal structure. They are naturally divided into a number of sub-tribes, and each of these sub-tribes again are divided into smaller units: clans, lineages and households. Designation Each Kurdish tribe use different kinds of terms to designate "Tribe", "sub-tribe", "Clan", "lineage" and "household"; 'Ahiret, Tira, Hoz, il, Khel, Tayfa or Taifa, Zuma and Rama. These terms are used loosely and interchangeably despite the tribal structure and organization of all Kurdish tribes are almost the same. History Early record In the 9th century, it was reported by Ibn Khordadbeh, Ibn khurdubah that Kurdish tribes used the word Zūma to designate tribes (, ; ). The 9th century historian, Ya'qubi, recorded present ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Kurdistan
The Kurds are an Iranian ethnic group in the Middle East. They have historically inhabited the mountainous areas to the south of Lake Van and Lake Urmia, a geographical area collectively referred to as Kurdistan. Most Kurds speak Northern Kurdish Kurmanji Kurdish (Kurmanji) and Central Kurdish (Sorani). There are various hypotheses as to predecessor populations of the Kurds, such as the Carduchoi of Classical Antiquity. The earliest known Kurdish dynasties under Islamic rule (10th to 12th centuries) are the Hasanwayhids, the Marwanids, the Rawadids, the Shaddadids, followed by the Ayyubid dynasty founded by Saladin. The Battle of Chaldiran of 1514 is an important turning point in Kurdish history, marking the alliance of Kurds with the Ottomans. The '' Sharafnameh'' of 1597 is the first account of Kurdish history. Kurdish history in the 20th century is marked by a rising sense of Kurdish nationhood focused on the goal of an independent Kurdistan as scheduled by the Treaty o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qaymariyya (tribe)
The Qaymariyya (or Ḳaymariyya) also known as Qaymar, Qaymur, or Banu Qaymar, were a Kurdish tribe that formed an important military unit under the late Ayyubids and early Mamluks between the 1240s and 1260s. They played a secondary role in the Khwarazmian invasion of Palestine in 1244 and a leading role in the pro-Ayyubid ''coup d'état'' in Damascus in 1250. Origins The Qaymariyya took their name from the fortress of Qaymur, from Zuzan al-Akrad region, located between Mosul and Akhlat. They have been described as a "minor faction", a "kingship group" and a "clan". Their leading emirs were related to one another. In Upper Mesopotamia, the Qaymariyya first entered the service of the Ayyubid rulers al-Ashraf ibn al-Adil (died 1237) and al-Salih Ayyub ibn al-Kamil, who later settled some of them in Syria and Egypt. The emir Husam al-Din al-Hasan ibn Abi l-Fawaris married a daughter of al-Ashraf. In 1239, the leader of the Qaymariyya was Nasir al-Din Abi al-Ma'ali al-Husayni al- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daseni
Dasini ( ; ) or Daseni, Tasini, Dasiki, is a Kurdish Yazidi tribe and ethnonym of Yazidis. The tribe resided near Mosul, Duhok, Sheikhan, Sinjar and all the way to the west bank of Greater Zab river.M. Th. Houtsma, 1993E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936 Volume 8 - Page 1164, BrillAli, Majid Hassan (1 November 2019)"Genocidal Campaigns during the Ottoman Era: The Firmān of Mīr-i-Kura against the Yazidi Religious Minority in 1832–1834" Genocide Studies International. 13 (1): 77–91. doi:10.3138/gsi.13.1.05. ISSN 2291-1847. S2CID 208688229.Ghalib, Sabah Abdullah (13 October 2011)The Emergence of Kurdism with Special Reference to the Three Kurdish Emirates within the Ottoman Empire1800-1850 (PhD thesis). pp. 52–53. Archived frothe originalon 28 July 2021. There was also present of Daseni tribe in Homs Governorate, Syria. They were called Akrād Al-Daseniya "Daseni Kurds", who still spoke Kurdish for generations. Name The Yazidis call themselves Dāsin, Dasn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humaydi (tribe)
Humaydi or Humaydiyya (Kurdish: Hevêdî), was a medieval Kurdish tribe branch of Çehârbuhtî Kurdish tribal federation. That inhabited the regions of Al-Jazira and Zozān. History Early history The Humaydi Tribe is first mentioned by 9th-century Arab geographer Ibn Hawqal. He mentions that the Humaydi Tribe along with Hadhbaniyya and Lariyya Kurdish tribes, had their winter pasture in Jazira region. The Humaydi Tribe along with Hadhbani and Daseni, revolted against the Hamdanid rule in 906. Badh Dustak, the founder of Marwanid Emirate, was the chief of Humaydi Tribe. Marwanid Emirate Badh Dustak, the Humaydi Tribal chief. who inherited the domain from his father, Dustak Çehârbuhtî. Badh was a head of a war band. In 978, Badh began expanding his domain further north and west. He captured Mush, Khlat, Malazgart, Ercish, Bargiri and Taron from the Romans. During the Marwanid era, the Humaydi Tribe gained dominance among the western Kurdish tribes. Even after the fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakkariyya
Hakkari, Al-Hakkariyya, Hakkariyya or Hakkarians, were a large medieval Kurdish tribe and a royal house, that played a significant role in the Ayyubid dynasty and the Crusades. Name The Hakkari was recorded in Islamic sources, written in ( ), while in Christian Syriac sources as Hakkarāyē (ܐܹܝܵܪܵܟ ܼܿܗ, Hakkarians). Region The Hakkari tribe resided in eastern part of Zozān region, in the district of Jabal al-Hakkariyya. located Between modern day northeast of Mosul highlands and the Foothills of western Adharbayjān, near the Gulmarkiyya tribe. Their domain included Asheb or Asep, Tushi or Tusi, Judaydla catles, Suri, Harur, Malasi, Babukha, Bakza and Jabal Luhayja to the north of Mosul (in the direction of Nisibis). Ashib was their capital. History Early record The tribe lived a nomadic lifestyle in the early 10th century. In 979, The Hakkari tribe moved further westward crossing the Great Zab river, and taking over the Beth Daseni, an old Nestorian diocese. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohtan
Bohtan was a medieval Kurdish principality in the Ottoman Empire centered on the town of Jazirah ibn 'Omar in southeastern Anatolia. The official religion of this principality was Yezidism in 14th century, although the rulers eventually converted to Islam. Bohtan constituted the third major Yezidi enclave after Shekhan and Sinjar until the 19th century. History Origin It is not fully clear when the Bohtan Emirate was exactly established. According to Sharafnama, Botan rulers are descendants of Suleman Khalid, the Bokhti tribal chief. He was succeeded by his eldest son Abdulaziz, whom all the Botan rulers are descended, hence why the ruling dynasty was called Azizan. Abdul-aziz and appointed each of his brothers (Mir Abdal and Mir Badir) as Governors of a districts of the emirate. While there's no recorded date on when it was established, Sharafkhan wrote in Sharafnama that the eighth Botan ruler, Mir Ezzaddin Abdal in 1394 went to Mardin to swore his allegiance to Timur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Ararat
Mount Ararat, also known as Masis or Mount Ağrı, is a snow-capped and dormant compound volcano in Eastern Turkey, easternmost Turkey. It consists of two major volcanic cones: Greater Ararat and Little Ararat. Greater Ararat is the highest peak in Turkey and the Armenian highlands with an elevation of ; Little Ararat's elevation is . The Ararat massif is about wide at ground base. The first recorded efforts to reach Ararat's summit were made in the Middle Ages, and Friedrich Parrot, Khachatur Abovian, and four others made the first recorded ascent in 1829. In Europe, the mountain has been called by the name Ararat since the Middle Ages, as it began to be identified with "mountains of Ararat" described in the Bible as the resting-place of Noah's Ark, despite contention that does not refer specifically to a Mount Ararat. Although lying outside the borders of modern Armenia, the mountain is the principal national symbol of Armenia and has been considered a sacred mountain by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Van
Lake Van (; ; ) is the largest lake in Turkey. It lies in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey in the provinces of Van Province, Van and Bitlis Province, Bitlis, in the Armenian highlands. It is a Salt lake, saline Soda lake, soda lake, receiving water from many small streams that descend from the surrounding mountains. It is one of the world's few endorheic lakes (a lake having no outlet) of size greater than and has 38% of the country's surface water (including rivers). A volcanic eruption volcanic dam, blocked its original outlet in prehistoric times. It is situated at above sea level. Despite the high altitude and winter averages below , Brine, high salinity usually prevents it from freezing; the shallow northern section can freeze, but rarely. Hydrology and chemistry Lake Van is across at its widest point. It averages deep. Its greatest known depth is . The surface lies above sea level and the shore length is . It covers and contains (has a volume of) . The wester ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Vaspurakan
The Kingdom of Vaspurakan (; also transliterated as Vasbouragan from Western Armenian) was a medieval Armenian kingdom centered on Lake Van, located in what is now eastern Turkey and northwestern Iran. It was named after Vaspurakan, a province of historic Greater Armenia. Ruled by the Artsruni dynasty, it competed and cooperated with the Bagratuni-ruled Kingdom of Armenia for a little over a century until its last king ceded the kingdom to the Byzantine Empire in 1021. History The Kingdom of Vaspurakan was ruled by the Artsruni dynasty, an ancient Armenian noble family. The Artsrunis had built up their power base in Vaspurakan in the 9th century while Arab rule was waning. The Bagratunis, on the other hand, were consolidating their control over Armenia. In 885, Ashot I Bagratuni received recognition as King of Armenia. In 908, during the reign of Ashot's successor Smbat I, Gagik I Artsruni was recognized as king by the Sajid ruler Yusuf and allied with the latter to at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Derenik-Ashot Of Vaspurakan
Derenik-Ashot Artsruni (; died 958/959) was the second King of Vaspurakan, from the Artsruni dynasty, succeeding his father, Gagik I, on the latter's death. He died childless in 958/959 and was succeeded by his younger brother Abusahl-Hamazasp. His daughter's name was Sofy References 950s deaths 10th-century monarchs of Vaspurakan Artsruni dynasty Year of birth unknown 10th-century Armenian people {{Armenia-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
