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Zepko-ete
Big Bow (c. 1833"Big Bow."
''Texas State Historical Association.'' Retrieved 21 June 2012.
–c. 1900) was a war leader during the 19th century, an associate of and . Big Bow's name in is Zepko-ette, also spelled Za-ko-yea. He was born in Elk Creek in

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Kiowa
Kiowa ( ) or Cáuigú () people are a Native Americans in the United States, Native American tribe and an Indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuriesPritzker 326 and eventually into the Southern Plains by the early 19th century. In 1867, the Kiowa were moved to a Indian reservation, reservation in Southwestern Oklahoma. Today, they are Federally recognized tribe, federally recognized as Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma with headquarters in Carnegie, Oklahoma. , there were 12,000 citizens. The Kiowa language, Kiowa language (Cáuijògà), part of the Tanoan languages, Tanoan language family, is in danger of extinction, with only 20 speakers as of 2012."Kiowa Tanoan"
''Ethnologue.'' Retrieved 21 June 2012. ...
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Guipago
Guipago or Lone Wolf the Elder (, ; – July 1879) was the last Principal Chief of the Kiowa tribe. He was a member of the Koitsenko, the Kiowa warrior elite, and was a signer of the Little Arkansas Treaty in 1865. Background The Kiowa flourished as nomadic hunters in the early 19th Century. In 1863 Lone Wolf (Guipago), accompanied Yellow Wolf, Yellow Buffalo, Little Heart, and White Face Buffalo Calf; two Kiowa women Coy and Etla; and the Indian agent, Samuel G. Colley, to Washington D. C. to establish a policy that would favor the Kiowa, but it was a futile attempt. In the Little Arkansas Treaty of 1865, Dohasan, the last Chief of the unified Kiowa, signed the peace treaty along with Guipago, or Lone Wolf (the Elder), and other chiefs. Dohasan scorned the peace policy because he knew there would be no more buffalo in Kiowa hunting grounds and Guipago also knew the Kiowas could not live without buffalo hunts.J. Lee Jones, Jr., Red Raiders Retaliate: The Story of Lone Wolf (Seag ...
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Kiowa People
Kiowa ( ) or Cáuigú () people are a Native Americans in the United States, Native American tribe and an Indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuriesPritzker 326 and eventually into the Southern Plains by the early 19th century. In 1867, the Kiowa were moved to a Indian reservation, reservation in Southwestern Oklahoma. Today, they are Federally recognized tribe, federally recognized as Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma with headquarters in Carnegie, Oklahoma. , there were 12,000 citizens. The Kiowa language, Kiowa language (Cáuijògà), part of the Tanoan languages, Tanoan language family, is in danger of extinction, with only 20 speakers as of 2012."Kiowa Tanoan"
''Ethnologue.'' Retrieved 21 June 2012. ...
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Lone Wolf The Elder
Guipago or Lone Wolf the Elder (, ; – July 1879) was the last Principal Chief of the Kiowa tribe. He was a member of the Koitsenko, the Kiowa warrior elite, and was a signer of the Little Arkansas Treaty in 1865. Background The Kiowa flourished as nomadic hunters in the early 19th Century. In 1863 Lone Wolf (Guipago), accompanied Yellow Wolf, Yellow Buffalo, Little Heart, and White Face Buffalo Calf; two Kiowa women Coy and Etla; and the Indian agent, Samuel G. Colley, to Washington D. C. to establish a policy that would favor the Kiowa, but it was a futile attempt. In the Little Arkansas Treaty of 1865, Dohasan, the last Chief of the unified Kiowa, signed the peace treaty along with Guipago, or Lone Wolf (the Elder), and other chiefs. Dohasan scorned the peace policy because he knew there would be no more buffalo in Kiowa hunting grounds and Guipago also knew the Kiowas could not live without buffalo hunts.J. Lee Jones, Jr., Red Raiders Retaliate: The Story of Lone Wolf (S ...
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Tsen-tainte
White Horse (Kiowa: Tsen-tainte, unknown c. 1840/1845–1892) was a chief of the Kiowa. White Horse attended the council between southern plains tribes and the United States at Medicine Lodge in southern Kansas which resulted in the Medicine Lodge Treaty. Despite his attendance at the treaty signing he conducted frequent raids upon other tribes and white settlers. Follower of such elders as Guipago, Satanta and old Satank, he was often associated with Big Tree (or ''Ado-ete''). In 1867 White Horse joined a war party of Comanches and Kiowas on a revenge raid against the Navajos, who were then living in exile on the reservation near Fort Sumner, New Mexico. On June 12, 1870, White Horse led a raiding party on an attack on Fort Sill in Indian Territory and stole seventy-three mules. On June 22 in an attack on a cattle drive on the Chisolm Trail, White Horse killed and scalped two men, prior to the arrival of a cavalry detachment which drove them off. On July 9, 1870, the Kio ...
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Ado-ete
Big Tree, Kiowa: Ado-eete (ca. 1850–1929), was a noted Kiowa warrior and chief. He was a loyal follower of the fighting chiefs party (led by Satank, Satanta, and Guipago), and conducted frequent raids upon other tribes and white settlers, often being associated with Tsen-tainte ("White Horse"). Born in Kiowa territory (possibly present-day Oklahoma), Big Tree, along with the Kiowa, was forced onto a reservation at Fort Sill in the Indian Territory by the Medicine Lodge Treaty Council in 1867. He began leading raids against white settlers near the reservation and across the Red River in northern Texas. In 1870, Big Tree purportedly led a raid on Fort Sill in Indian Territory, but gained his notoriety from the Warren Wagon Train raid the following year. Big Tree was arrested days later, along with Satanta and Satank, and tried for murder in Jacksboro, Texas. They were the first American Indian chiefs to be tried in civil court. The Warren wagon train and trial On May ...
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Big Tree (war Chief)
Big Tree, Kiowa: Ado-eete (ca. 1850–1929), was a noted Kiowa warrior and chief. He was a loyal follower of the fighting chiefs party (led by Satank, Satanta, and Guipago), and conducted frequent raids upon other tribes and white settlers, often being associated with Tsen-tainte ("White Horse"). Born in Kiowa territory (possibly present-day Oklahoma), Big Tree, along with the Kiowa, was forced onto a reservation at Fort Sill in the Indian Territory by the Medicine Lodge Treaty Council in 1867. He began leading raids against white settlers near the reservation and across the Red River in northern Texas. In 1870, Big Tree purportedly led a raid on Fort Sill in Indian Territory, but gained his notoriety from the Warren Wagon Train raid the following year. Big Tree was arrested days later, along with Satanta and Satank, and tried for murder in Jacksboro, Texas. They were the first American Indian chiefs to be tried in civil court. The Warren wagon train and trial On M ...
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Tene-angopte
Kicking Bird, also known as Tene-angop'te, "The Kicking Bird", "Eagle Who Strikes with his Talons", or "Striking Eagle" (c. 1835 - May 3, 1875) was a High Chief of the Kiowa in the 1870s. It is said that he was given his name for the way he fought his enemies. He was a Kiowa, though his grandfather had been a Crow captive who was adopted by the Kiowa. His mysterious death at Fort Sill on May 3, 1875, is the subject of much debate and speculation. Though he was a great warrior who participated in and led many battles and raids during the 1860s and 1870s, he is mostly known as an advocate for peace and education among his people. He enjoyed close relationships with whites, most notably the Quaker teacher Thomas Battey and Indian Agent James M. Haworth. The close relationships he enjoyed with whites engendered animosity among many of the Kiowas, making him a controversial figure. He would become the most prominent peace chief of the Kiowas, following the lead of a previous head c ...
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Maman-ti
Mamante or Mamanti ("He Walks-Above", "Sky Walker"), also known as Swan (c. 1835 – July 28, 1875) was a Kiowa medicine man."Maman-ti."
''Texas State Historical Society.'' Retrieved 21 June 2012.
His name is also translated in several ways, including Man-on-a-Cloud, Sky Walker, Walking Above, or Walks-in-the-Sky. After the head chief Dohäsan died in 1866, naming Guipago, or Lone Wolf the Elder, as his own designated heir and consequently establishing Satanta as the second-ranking chief, Mamanti assumed the role of a war chief, but he got real power when he gained screech owl m ...
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Kicking Bird
Kicking Bird, also known as Tene-angop'te, "The Kicking Bird", "Eagle Who Strikes with his Talons", or "Striking Eagle" (c. 1835 - May 3, 1875) was a High Chief of the Kiowa in the 1870s. It is said that he was given his name for the way he fought his enemies. He was a Kiowa, though his grandfather had been a Crow captive who was adopted by the Kiowa. His mysterious death at Fort Sill on May 3, 1875, is the subject of much debate and speculation. Though he was a great warrior who participated in and led many battles and raids during the 1860s and 1870s, he is mostly known as an advocate for peace and education among his people. He enjoyed close relationships with whites, most notably the Quaker teacher Thomas Battey and Indian Agent James M. Haworth. The close relationships he enjoyed with whites engendered animosity among many of the Kiowas, making him a controversial figure. He would become the most prominent peace chief of the Kiowas, following the lead of a previous head chi ...
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Mamanti
Mamante or Mamanti ("He Walks-Above", "Sky Walker"), also known as Swan (c. 1835 – July 28, 1875) was a Kiowa medicine man."Maman-ti."
''Texas State Historical Society.'' Retrieved 21 June 2012.
His name is also translated in several ways, including Man-on-a-Cloud, Sky Walker, Walking Above, or Walks-in-the-Sky. After the head chief Dohäsan died in 1866, naming , or Lone Wolf the Elder, as his own designated heir and consequently establishing as the second-ranking chief, Mamanti assumed the role o ...
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