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Yongli
Yongli () (5 February 1647 – 1 June 1662) was the Chinese era name, era name of the Zhu Youlang, Yongli Emperor of the Southern Ming. Comparison table Other eras contemporaneous with Yongli * China ** ''Dingwu (era), Dingwu'' (定武, 1646–1664): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Benli (Zhu Danji), Prince of Han ** ''Dongwu (era), Dongwu'' (東武, 1648): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Changqing, Prince of Huai ** ''Shunzhi'' (順治, 1644–1661): Qing dynasty — era name of the Shunzhi Emperor ** ''Kangxi'' (康熙, 1662–1722): Qing dynasty — era name of the Kangxi Emperor ** ''Zhongxing'' (中興, 1647): Qing period — era name of the Jiang Erxun (蔣爾恂) ** ''Tianzheng'' (天正, 1648): Qing period — era name of Zhang Jintang (張近堂) ** ''Tianshun'' (天順, 1661): Qing period — era name of Xiao Weitang (蕭惟堂) ** ''Daqing'' (大慶, 1665): Qing period — era name of Wang Yaozu (王耀祖) ** ''Guangde'' (廣德, 1673): Qing period — era name o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhu Youlang
The Yongli Emperor (; 1623–1662; reigned 18 November 1646 – 1 June 1662), personal name Zhu Youlang, was a royal member to the imperial family of Ming dynasty, and the fourth and last commonly recognised emperor of the Southern Ming, reigning in turbulent times when the former Ming dynasty was overthrown and the Manchu-led Qing dynasty progressively conquered the entire China proper. He led the remnants of the Ming loyalists with the assistance of peasant armies to resist the Qing forces in southwestern China, but he was then forced to exile to Toungoo Burma and eventually captured and executed by Wu Sangui in 1662. His era title "Yongli" means "perpetual calendar". Zhu Youlang was the son of Zhu Changying (朱常瀛), the seventh son of the Wanli Emperor, and Empress Dowager Ma. He inherited the title Prince of Gui (桂王) from his brother and lived an obscure life as a minor member of the Ming imperial family until the rebellions of peasant armies, which resulted t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chinese Era Names
This is a list of the Chinese era names used by the various dynasties and regimes in the history of China, sorted by monarch. The English renditions of the era names in this list are based on the Hanyu Pinyin system. However, some academic works utilize the Wade–Giles romanization. For instance, the era of ''Zhenguan'' () during the reign of the Emperor Taizong of Tang is rendered as ''Chen-kuan'' in Wade–Giles. Han dynasty Western Han Xin dynasty Xuan Han Eastern Han Other regimes contemporaneous with Han dynasty Three Kingdoms Cao Wei Shu Han Eastern Wu Other regimes contemporaneous with Three Kingdoms Jin dynasty Western Jin Eastern Jin Huan Chu Other regimes contemporaneous with Jin dynasty Sixteen Kingdoms Han Zhao Cheng Han Later Zhao Former Liang Former Yan Former Qin Later Yan Later Qin Western Qin Later Liang Southern Liang Northern Liang Southern Yan Western Liang Hu Xia Northern Yan Dai Ran Wei We ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Ming
The Southern Ming (), also known as the Later Ming (), officially the Great Ming (), was an imperial dynasty of China and a series of rump states of the Ming dynasty that came into existence following the Jiashen Incident of 1644. Shun forces led by Li Zicheng captured Beijing and the Chongzhen Emperor committed suicide. The Ming general Wu Sangui then opened the gates of the Shanhai Pass in the eastern section of the Great Wall to the Qing banners, in hope of using them to annihilate the Shun forces. Ming loyalists fled to Nanjing, where they enthroned Zhu Yousong as the Hongguang Emperor, marking the start of the Southern Ming. The Nanjing regime lasted until 1645, when Qing forces captured Nanjing. Zhu fled before the city fell, but was captured and executed shortly thereafter. Later figures continued to hold court in various southern Chinese cities, although the Qing considered them to be pretenders. The Nanjing regime lacked the resources to pay and supply its s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shunzhi Emperor
The Shunzhi Emperor (15 March 1638 – 5 February 1661) was the second emperor of the Qing dynasty of China, and the first Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1644 to 1661. A committee of Manchu princes chose him to succeed his father, Hong Taiji (1592–1643), in September 1643, when he was five years old. The princes also appointed two co-regents: Dorgon (1612–1650), the 14th son of the Qing dynasty's founder Nurhaci (1559–1626), and Jirgalang (1599–1655), one of Nurhaci's nephews, both of whom were members of the Qing imperial clan. From 1643 to 1650, political power lay mostly in the hands of Dorgon. Under his leadership, the Qing Empire conquered most of the territory of the fallen Ming dynasty (1368–1644), chased Ming loyalist regimes deep into the southwestern provinces, and established the basis of Qing rule over China proper despite highly unpopular policies such as the "hair cutting command" of 1645, which forced Qing subjects to shave t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wu Sangui
Wu Sangui (; 8 June 1612 – 2 October 1678), courtesy name Changbai () or Changbo (), was a notorious Ming Dynasty military officer who played a key role in the fall of the Ming dynasty and the founding of the Qing dynasty in China. In Chinese folklore, Wu Sangui is regarded as a disreputable Han Chinese traitor who played a pivotal role in several historical events, including the Battle of Shanhai Pass, Manchu invasion of China, the suppression of Southern Ming resistances and the execution of the Yongli Emperor, and eventually double-crossed both of his masters, the Ming and the Qing dynasties. In 1644, after learning of the death of his father, the Ming general Wu Xiang in Beijing, Wu Sangui turned to the Manchu invaders (the Later Jin) and offered up the gate of Shanhaiguan, allowing the Manchus to enter China and establish the Qing dynasty in Beijing. For his aid, the Qing rulers awarded him a fiefdom consisting of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, and the royal title "P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dingwu (era)
Dingwu () (1646–1664孟森，後明韓主，《明清史論著集刊》，中華書局，1959) was the era name of the Dingwu Emperor of the Southern Ming. Comparison table Other eras contemporaneous with Dingwu * China ** ''Shunzhi'' (順治, 1644–1661): Qing dynasty — era name of the Shunzhi Emperor ** ''Kangxi'' (康熙, 1662–1722): Qing dynasty — era name of the Kangxi Emperor ** ''Dashun'' (大順, 1644–1646): Xi dynasty — era name of Zhang Xianzhong ** ''Xingchao'' (興朝, 1646–1647): Xi dynasty — era name of Sun Kewang (孫可望) ** ''Longwu'' (隆武, 1645–1646): Southern Ming — era name of the Longwu Emperor ** ''Shaowu'' (紹武, 1646): Southern Ming — era name of the Shaowu Emperor ** ''Yongli'' (永曆, 1647–1683): Southern Ming — era name of the Yongli Emperor ** '' Dongwu'' (東武, 1648): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Changqing, Prince of Huai ** '' Jianguo'' (監國, 1646–1653): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Yihai, Prince of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dongwu (era)
Dongwu () (February – November 1648) was the era name of the Southern Ming during the regency of Zhu Changqing, Prince of Huai.李崇智，《中國歷代年號考》，第211頁。 Comparison table Other eras contemporaneous with Dongwu * China ** ''Shunzhi'' (順治, 1644–1661): Qing dynasty — era name of the Shunzhi Emperor ** '' Yongli'' (永曆, 1647–1683): Southern Ming — era name of the Yongli Emperor ** '' Jianguo Lu'' (監國魯, 1646–1653): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Yihai, Prince of Lu ** '' Dingwu'' (定武, 1646–1664): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Benli (Zhu Danji), Prince of Han ** ''Tianzheng'' (天正, 1648): Qing period — era name of Zhang Jintang (張近堂) * Vietnam ** ''Phúc Thái'' (福泰, 1643–1649): Later Lê dynasty — era name of Lê Chân Tông ** ''Thuận Đức'' (順德, 1638–1677): Mạc dynasty — era name of Mạc Kính Vũ * Japan ** '' Shōhō'' (正保, 1644–1648): era name of Emperor Go-Kōmyō ** '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhu Benli
Zhu Benli (), or the Dingwu Emperor (), is claimed to be the last emperor of the Southern Ming. He inherited the title Prince of Han (韓王). His identity and existence however is of some dispute, and Zhu Youlang is generally taken to be the last emperor of the Southern Ming. Biography His original name was Zhu Danji, and he inherited his father's title of Prince of Han in 1611. During a military campaign against the rebel leader Li Zicheng (李自成) in Pingliang, Gansu in 1643, he was captured, but he was soon released. Li Zicheng then occupied and plundered the capital Beijing, the central government disintegrated, and the reigning Chongzhen Emperor committed suicide Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Mental disorders (including depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders, anxiety disorders), physical disorders (such as chronic fatigue syndrome), and s .... See also * List of emperors of the Ming dynasty R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhu Changqing
Zhu Changqing (; died 1649), Prince of Huai (淮王), courtesy name Xiaxin (霞新), was claimed to be regent of the Southern Ming from 1648 to 1649. His regime name was ''Dongwu'' (東武), which means "east valiant". Dongwu got full support from Koxinga (Zheng Chenggong), a famous and powerful warlord during that time. Dongwu's & Koxinga's power was based on Guandong and Fujian Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its c ... province. Dongwu died in 1649 and was succeeded by Prince of Gui with the era name "Yongli" (永曆). According to the history book, he has no temple name. References * Struve, Lynn (1988). "The Southern Ming." In Cambridge History of China, Volume 7, The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644 - Part 1, ed. by Frederic W. Mote, Denis Twitchett, and John King Fairb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meireki
was a of the Edo period, after the ''Jōō (Edo period), Jōō'' era and before ''Manji (era), Manji'' era. This era's period spanned the years from April 1655 to July 1658. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Change of era * 1655 : The era name was changed to mark the enthronement of Emperor Go-Sai of Japan, Emperor Go-Sai. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Jōō'' 4, on the 13th day of the 4th month. The source of the new era name was: * From the ''Book of Han'': "With the Nine Chapters of the Great Law, the five eras will be known" (大法九章、而五紀明歴法) * From the ''Book of the Later Han'': "The Yellow Emperor began the passing of time, so that is why the character 歴 [passing of time] and 暦 [rhythmic cycle] are used together" (黄帝造歴、歴与暦同作) Events of the ''Meireki'' era * 1655 (''Meireki 1''): The new ambassador of Korea, arrived in Japan. * 1655 (''Meireki 1''): The ex-Emperor went for the first time to Shugakuin R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jōō (Edo Period)
, alternatively romanized as Jō-ō or Shōō, was a after '' Keian'' and before '' Meireki''. This period spanned the years from September 1652 through April 1655. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1652 : The era name was changed to ''Jōō'' (meaning "receiving answers"), which was to mark the death of the third '' shōgun'', Tokugawa Iemitsu. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Keian'' 5, on the 18th day of the 9th month. The name of this new era came from the Book of the Jin: "The Xia and the Shang dynasties follow their destinies, so the House of Zhou came when it was time." (夏商承運、周氏応期) Events of the ''Jōō'' era * October 3, 1653 (''Jōō 2, 12th day of the 8th month''): A violent fire destroyed a large part of the Imperial palace and many temples which were nearby. Shortly thereafter, several girls, aged 12–14 years, were imprisoned for having started this fire and others in Heian-kyō.Titsingh p. 412./ref> * Augus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Sai
, also known as , was the 111th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 後西天皇 (111)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession.Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', pp. 116. Go-Sai's reign spanned the years from 1655 through 1663.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 413./ref> This 17th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Junna and ''go-'' (後), translates as ''later'', and thus, he could have been called the "Later Emperor Junna". Emperor Go-Sai could not pass the throne onto his descendants. For this reason, he was known as the ''Go-Saiin'' emperor, after an alternate name of Emperor Junna, who had confronted and reached an accommodation with similar issues. This emperor was also called . The Japanese word ''go'' has also been translated to mean ''the second one'', and thus, this emperor might be identified as "Junna II". During the Meiji era, the name became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
