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Dingwu (era)
Dingwu () (1646–1664孟森，後明韓主，《明清史論著集刊》，中華書局，1959) was the era name of the Dingwu Emperor of the Southern Ming. Comparison table Other eras contemporaneous with Dingwu * China ** ''Shunzhi'' (順治, 1644–1661): Qing dynasty — era name of the Shunzhi Emperor ** ''Kangxi'' (康熙, 1662–1722): Qing dynasty — era name of the Kangxi Emperor ** ''Dashun'' (大順, 1644–1646): Xi dynasty — era name of Zhang Xianzhong ** ''Xingchao'' (興朝, 1646–1647): Xi dynasty — era name of Sun Kewang (孫可望) ** ''Longwu'' (隆武, 1645–1646): Southern Ming — era name of the Longwu Emperor ** ''Shaowu'' (紹武, 1646): Southern Ming — era name of the Shaowu Emperor ** ''Yongli'' (永曆, 1647–1683): Southern Ming — era name of the Yongli Emperor ** '' Dongwu'' (東武, 1648): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Changqing, Prince of Huai ** '' Jianguo'' (監國, 1646–1653): Southern Ming — era name of Zhu Yihai, Prince of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Era Name
Chinese era names were titles used by various Chinese dynasties and regimes in Imperial China for the purpose of year identification and numbering. The first monarch to adopt era names was the Emperor Wu of Han in 140 BCE, and this system remained the official method of year identification and numbering until the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912 CE, when the era name system was superseded by the Republic of China calendar. Other polities in the Sinosphere—Korea, Vietnam and Japan—also adopted the concept of era name as a result of Chinese politico-cultural influence. Description Chinese era names were titles adopted for the purpose of identifying and numbering years in Imperial China. Era names originated as mottos or slogans chosen by the reigning monarch and usually reflected the political, economic and/or social landscapes at the time. For instance, the first era name proclaimed by the Emperor Wu of Han, ''Jianyuan'' (; lit. "establishing the origin"), w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Chân Tông
Lê Chân Tông (黎真宗, 1630 – 2 October 1649) was the 18th monarch of Vietnamese Later Lê dynasty. Biography Lê Chân Tông's birth name is Lê Duy Hựu (黎維祐), courtesy name Duy Đề (維禔). He was born in 1630 and reigned from 1643 to 1649, interrupting the reign of his father Lê Thần Tông who reigned 1619–1643 and again 1649–1662. He was a figurehead king under the power of lord Trịnh Tráng Trịnh Tráng (Hán tự: 鄭梉, 6 August 1577 – 28 May 1657), posthumous name: Nghị Vương (誼王), temple name: Văn Tổ (文祖). He is the second lord of Trịnh ruled Tonkin from 1623 to 1657. He is one of the famous Trịnh lords wh ... who ruled 1623–1657. Family Consorts and their respective issues: * Queen Trịnh Thị《大越史記全書》續編卷之一·熙宗章皇帝。 (芳慈皇后鄭氏) References * * 1630 births 1649 deaths C Vietnamese monarchs {{Asia-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Reigen
was the 112th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 霊元天皇 (112)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession.Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', pp. 117. Reigen's reign spanned the years from 1663 through 1687. Genealogy Before Reigen's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was ; and his pre-accession title was . Reigen was the 16th son of Emperor Go-Sai. His mother was the daughter of Minister of the Center Sonomotooto (内大臣園基音), Lady-in-Waiting Kuniko (新広義門院国子). Reigen's Imperial family lived with him in the Dairi of the Heian Palace. This family included at least 13 sons and 14 daughters: *Empress: Takatsukasa Fusako (鷹司房子) later Shin-jyōsaimon’in (新上西門院), Takatsukasa Norihira’s daughter. **Third daughter: Imperial Princess Masako (1673–1746; 栄子内親王) married Nijo Tsunahira *Lady-in-waiting: Bōjō Fusako (1652–167 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanbun (era)
was a after '' Manji'' and before '' Enpō.'' This period spanned the years from April 1661 to September 1673. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1661 : The new era name of ''Kanbun'' (meaning "Generous Art") was created to mark a number of disasters including a great fire at the Imperial Palace. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Manji'' 4. Events of the ''Kanbun'' era * March 20, 1662 (''Kanbun 2, 1st day of the 2nd month''): There was a violent earthquake in Heian-kyō which destroyed the tomb of Toyotomi Hideyoshi .Titsingh p. 413./ref> * 1662 (''Kanbun 2''): Emperor Gosai ordered Tosa Hiromichi (土佐広通, 1599–1670), a Tosa-school disciple, to adopt the name Sumiyoshi (probably in reference to a 13th-century painter, Sumiyoshi Keinin 住吉慶忍), upon assuming a position as official painter for the Sumiyoshi Taisha 住吉大社. * March 5, 1663 (''Kanbun 3, 26th day of the 1st month''): Go-sai abdicated in favor of his younger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manji (era)
was a after '' Meireki'' and before '' Kanbun.'' This period spanned the years from July 1658 through April 1661. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 413./ref> Change of era * 1658 : The era name was changed to mark a disastrous, great fire in Edo. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Meireki'' 4, on the 23rd day of the 7th month 23rd. The source of this era name comes from the Records of the Grand Historian: "When the common people know their place, then all under heaven is ruled" (衆民乃定、万国為治) Events of the ''Manji'' era * 1658 (''Manji 1''): In the aftermath of the Great Mereiki Fire, the shogunate organized four all-samurai, all-Edo firefighting squads. * 1658 (''Manji 1''): Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu is born. Yoshiyasu will become Shōgun Tsunayoshi's favorite courtier and chief counselor.Bodart-Bailey, Beatrice. (2006). ''The Dog Shogun: The Personality and Policies of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meireki
was a of the Edo period, after the ''Jōō (Edo period), Jōō'' era and before ''Manji (era), Manji'' era. This era's period spanned the years from April 1655 to July 1658. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Change of era * 1655 : The era name was changed to mark the enthronement of Emperor Go-Sai of Japan, Emperor Go-Sai. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Jōō'' 4, on the 13th day of the 4th month. The source of the new era name was: * From the ''Book of Han'': "With the Nine Chapters of the Great Law, the five eras will be known" (大法九章、而五紀明歴法) * From the ''Book of the Later Han'': "The Yellow Emperor began the passing of time, so that is why the character 歴 [passing of time] and 暦 [rhythmic cycle] are used together" (黄帝造歴、歴与暦同作) Events of the ''Meireki'' era * 1655 (''Meireki 1''): The new ambassador of Korea, arrived in Japan. * 1655 (''Meireki 1''): The ex-Emperor went for the first time to Shugakuin R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Sai
, also known as , was the 111th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 後西天皇 (111)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession.Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', pp. 116. Go-Sai's reign spanned the years from 1655 through 1663.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 413./ref> This 17th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Junna and ''go-'' (後), translates as ''later'', and thus, he could have been called the "Later Emperor Junna". Emperor Go-Sai could not pass the throne onto his descendants. For this reason, he was known as the ''Go-Saiin'' emperor, after an alternate name of Emperor Junna, who had confronted and reached an accommodation with similar issues. This emperor was also called . The Japanese word ''go'' has also been translated to mean ''the second one'', and thus, this emperor might be identified as "Junna II". During the Meiji era, the name became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jōō (Edo Period)
, alternatively romanized as Jō-ō or Shōō, was a after '' Keian'' and before '' Meireki''. This period spanned the years from September 1652 through April 1655. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1652 : The era name was changed to ''Jōō'' (meaning "receiving answers"), which was to mark the death of the third '' shōgun'', Tokugawa Iemitsu. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Keian'' 5, on the 18th day of the 9th month. The name of this new era came from the Book of the Jin: "The Xia and the Shang dynasties follow their destinies, so the House of Zhou came when it was time." (夏商承運、周氏応期) Events of the ''Jōō'' era * October 3, 1653 (''Jōō 2, 12th day of the 8th month''): A violent fire destroyed a large part of the Imperial palace and many temples which were nearby. Shortly thereafter, several girls, aged 12–14 years, were imprisoned for having started this fire and others in Heian-kyō.Titsingh p. 412./ref> * Augus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keian
: ''For the Zen Buddhist monk, see Keian Genju (1427–1508).'' was a after '' Shōhō'' and before '' Jōō.'' This period spanned the years from February 1648 through September 1652. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 412./ref> Change of era * 1648 : The new era name was created in response to criticism that ''Shōhō'' was too closely related to ''Shōbō'' (焼亡, meaning "death by burning"). The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Shōhō'' 5, on the 5th day of the 2nd month. The new era name was drawn from the Chinese classic, The I Ching: "At the end happiness, joy of quiet righteousness, answer the world unlimited" (乃終有慶、安貞之吉、応地無疆): Events of the ''Keian'' era * April 1, 1649 (''Keian 2, 20th day of the 2nd month''): There was a major earthquake in Edo. * 1651 (''Keian 4''): Keian Uprising. Plans by well-organized ''rōnin'' to attack several Tokugawa strongholds simultaneousl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Kōmyō
was the 110th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 後光明天皇 (110)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Go-Kōmyō's reign spanned the years from 1643 through 1654. This 17th-century sovereign was named after the 14th-century Nanboku-chō Emperor Kōmyō and ''go-'' (後), translates as ''later'', and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Kōmyō". The Japanese word ''go'' has also been translated to mean ''the second one'', and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Kōmyō, the second", or as Kōmyō II". Genealogy Before Go-Kōmyō's accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was ; and his pre-accession title was .Titsingh p. 412./ref> He was the fourth son of Emperor Go-Mizunoo. His mother was Fujiwara no Mitsuko, the daughter of the Minister of the Left (''Sadaijin''); but he was raised as if he were the son of Tōfuku-mon'in. His predecessor, Empress Meishō, was hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōhō
was a after ''Kan'ei'' and before ''Keian''. This period spanned the years from December 1644 through February 1648. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 412./ref> Change of era * 1644 : The era name was changed to Shōhō to mark the enthronement of the new emperor Go-Kōmyō. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kan'ei'' 21, on the 16th day of the 12th month.Hall, John Whitney. ''The Cambridge History of Japan.'' p. xx. Events of the ''Shōhō'' era * 1644 (''Shōhō 1''): The third major map of Japan was ordered by the Shogunate—the first having been completed in ''Keichō'' 10—at a scale of 1:432,000 (based on maps of the provinces drawn to a scale of 1:21,600).Traganeou, Jilly. (2004). ''The Tokaido Road: Traveling and Representation in Edo and Meiji Japan'', p. 230. * May 18, 1645 (''Shōhō 2, 23rd day of the 4th month''): The Shōgun was elevated the court role of . * June 13, 1645 (''Shōhō 2, 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mạc Kính Vũ
Mạc Kính Vũ (莫敬宇, ?–?) was the tenth emperor of the Mạc dynasty. He reigned from 1638 – 1677. He ascended the throne in 1638. He was a supporter of Wu Sangui. After the Revolt of the Three Feudatories was pacificated, he was attacked by Trịnh lord, and fled to Qing China The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu people, Manchu-led Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin (1616–1636), La .... He was no longer supported by Qing China, and died there in exile.'' Việt Nam sử lược'', Quyển 2, Tự chủ thời đại, Chương 5 References Mạc dynasty emperors {{vietnam-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
