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Yan Vyshatich
Yan Vyshatich (; ; – 24 June 1106) was a nobleman and military commander (''tysyatsky'') in Kyiv, Kiev. The last known representative of the Dobrynya dynasty, Yan Vyshatich was the son of Vyshata and a grandson of Ostromir. Historical clues about Yan's career are scarce. In the 1070s, Yan Vyshatich collected tribute for Sviatoslav II of Kiev, Sviatoslav II near Beloozero and suppressed an uprising of smerds there. He took part in military campaigns against the Polovtsy and internecine wars. Yan Vyshatich's tales of his and his ancestors' campaigns were Nestor the Chronicler, Nestor's major source in compiling the Primary Chronicle. Sources * {{DEFAULTSORT:Vyshatich, Yan 11th-century people from Kievan Rus' 1010s births 1106 deaths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yan Vyshatich And Pagans
Yan may refer to: States * Yan (state) (11th century BC–222 BC), a major state in northern China during the Zhou dynasty * Yan Kingdom (Han dynasty), first appearing in 206 BC **Prince of Yan title held in various dynasties of China * Yan (Three Kingdoms), from 237 to 238 * Former Yan (337–370), a Xianbei state in present-day Hebei * Western Yan (384–394), a Xianbei state in present-day Shanxi * Later Yan (384–409), a Xianbei state during Sixteen Kingdoms Period * Southern Yan (398–410), a Xianbei state in present-day Shandong * Northern Yan (407–436), successor of Later Yan * Yan (An–Shi) (756–763), a rebel state founded by the An Lushan rebellion * Yan (Five Dynasties period) short-lived state in Hebei from 911 to 913 Names Surname * Yan (surname), romanization for several Chinese surnames * Yan, a Cantonese transcription of surname Zhen (甄) Given name * Yan, a transliteration of the name "Ян" ( Jan) from the Russian language Mononymous persons * Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobleman
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. The characteristics associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles or simply formal functions (e.g., precedence), and vary by country and by era. Membership in the nobility, including rights and responsibilities, is typically hereditary and patrilineal. Membership in the nobility has historically been granted by a monarch or government, and acquisition of sufficient power, wealth, ownerships, or royal favour has occasionally enabled commoners to ascend into the nobility. There are often a variety of ranks within the noble class. Legal recognition of nobility has been much more common in monarchies, but nobility also existed in such regimes as the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), the Republic o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tysyatsky
A tysiatskii ( rus, тысяцкий, p=ˈtɨsʲɪt͡skʲɪj, " thousandman"), sometimes translated '' dux'' or ''herzog'', was a military leader in Kievan Rus' who commanded a people's volunteer army called a ''thousand'' (). In the Novgorod Republic, the tysyatskii evolved into a judicial or commercial official and was elected from boyars at a veche for a period of one year. In cities with no veche, tysyatskiis were appointed by the knyaz or prince from among the noble boyars and could hand down their post to their sons. In the Novgorod Republic, tysyatskiis were considered representatives of ordinary people (). Along with the role as military leaders, they were also supposed to supervise the city fortifications, convene veches, act as ambassadors and as judges in the commercial courts. Like the posadniks, the office was often held by one man for several years in a row and he was often succeeded by his son or another close relative, indicating that the office was held within cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyiv
Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2,952,301, making Kyiv the List of European cities by population within city limits, seventh-most populous city in Europe. Kyiv is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural center. It is home to many High tech, high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and historical landmarks. The city has an extensive system of Transport in Kyiv, public transport and infrastructure, including the Kyiv Metro. The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders. During History of Kyiv, its history, Kyiv, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of prominence and obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial center as early as the 5th century. A Slav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dobrynya
Dobrynya (, ) was Vladimir the Great's maternal uncle and tutor. He was the historical prototype of the invincible bogatyr called Dobrynya Nikitich who appears in Russian folklore ('' byliny''). Dobrynya's life and extent of his influence on Vladimir are shrouded in speculation and controversy. It is fairly certain that his sister Malusha was Vladimir's mother. It is also generally accepted that Dobrynya's posadnik dynasty in Novgorod was continued by his son Konstantin Dobrynich and grandson Ostromir. According to the Novgorod chronicles, it was at his urging that Sviatoslav I sent his illegitimate son, Vladimir, to govern Novgorod, with Dobrynya as his tutor. Nine years later, Dobrynya persuaded Vladimir to wrest Kiev from his brother Yaropolk. On their way to Kiev, Yaropolk's bride, Rogneda of Polotsk, offended Dobrynya by calling his sister a "bondswoman". Dobrynya took his revenge by arranging Rogneda's rape by Vladimir. After Vladimir's enthronement in Kiev, Dobry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyshata
Vyshata (; died after 1064) was the son of the posadnik of Novgorod, Ostromir. He had a son, Yan Vyshatich. Vyshata was an associate of Vladimir Yaroslavovich, the prince of Novgorod. The authors of the ''Primary Chronicle'' made use of Yan's tales, tending to emphasise Vyshata's leadership in the Russo-Byzantine war of 1043 at the expense of Ivan Tvorimich, who was most likely the commander-in-chief. After his defeat near Constantinople, Vyshata was taken prisoner and spent three years in confinement in Byzantium. Having his return, he supported Rostislav Vladimirovich's attempt to capture the principality of Novgorod, and after its failure, fled to Tmutarakan where Rostislav became a prince. He is known to have had another son by the name of Putiata. Vyshata is mentioned as the right-hand man to Sadko Sadko () is a principal character in Russian '' byliny'' (oral epic poems). He is an adventurer, merchant, and '' gusli'' musician from Novgorod. The story of Sadko is best ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostromir
Ostromir (; Christian name: Joseph; died ) was the posadnik of Novgorod from 1054 to 1057. Ostromir is known from the first Russian dated book, the Ostromir Gospels (or Ostromir Codex), which he commissioned from his scribe Gregory. The chronicles record that Ostromir was the father of Vyshata and the grandfather of Yan Vyshatich. The Ostromir Gospels names his wife as Theophana, viewed by Andrzej Poppe as a daughter of Anna Porphyrogeneta and Vladimir the Great. Another popular speculation posits Konstantin Dobrynich as the father of Ostromir.Прозоровский Д.И. ''О родстве св. Владимира по матери''. // Записки Академии Наук, т. 5, 1864. According to the ''Sofia First Chronicle'', Ostromir died in 1056 during his military campaign against the Chud Chud or Chude (, , ) is a term historically applied in the early East Slavic annals to several Baltic Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribute
A tribute (; from Latin ''tributum'', "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect. Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of lands which the state conquered. In the case of alliances, lesser parties may pay tribute to more powerful parties as a sign of allegiance. Tributes are different from taxes, as they are not collected in the same regularly routine manner that taxes are. Further, with tributes, a recognition of political submission by the payer to the payee is uniquely required. Overview The Aztec Empire is another example, as it received tribute from the various city-states and provinces that it conquered. Ancient China received tribute from various states such as Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Cambodia, Borneo, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar and Central Asia. Aztec Empire Tributes as a form of government The Aztecs used tributes as a means for maintaining control over con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sviatoslav II Of Kiev
Sviatoslav II Iaroslavich or Sviatoslav II Yaroslavich (; 1027 – 27 December 1076) was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1073 until his death in 1076. He was a younger son of Yaroslav the Wise, the grand prince of Kiev. He is the progenitor of the ''Sviatoslavichi'' branch of Rurikids. He ruled the Principality of Vladimir in Volhynia in his father's lifetime (from around 1040 to 1054). Yaroslav the Wise, who divided the Kievan Rus' among his five sons in his testament, willed the Principality of Chernigov to Sviatoslav. Sviatoslav joined his brothers, Iziaslav of Kiev and Vsevolod of Pereyaslav, in forming a princely "triumvirate" that oversaw the affairs of Kievan Rus' until 1072. The three brothers together fought against their enemies, including the nomadic Oghuz Turks, and their distant relative, Prince Vseslav of Polotsk. The Cumans defeated their united force in the autumn of 1068, but Sviatoslav routed a Cuman band plundering his principality. The "triumvirate" broke up, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beloozero
Belozersk (), known as Beloozero () until 1777, is a town and the administrative center of Belozersky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the southern bank of Lake Beloye, from which it takes the name, northwest of Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History Known as ''Beloozero'' () until 1777, it was first mentioned in the ''Primary Chronicle'' (PVL) in 862 along with several other towns that later became part of Kievan Rus', such as Murom, Novgorod, Polotsk, and Rostov. The PVL claims that Rurik's brother Sineus became the prince of Beloozero in 862. However, Sineus and the other brother Truvor most likely never existed. On several occasions, the settlement was moved from one bank of the lake to another. In the 11th century, the region was still inhabited primarily by Finnic peoples tribes who fiercely resisted Christianization, one of which was known as the ''белозерции''. In 1071, local pagan priests rose in rebellion, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smerd
A smerd () was a free peasant and later a feudal-dependent serf in the medieval Slavic states of East Europe. Sources from the 11th and 12th centuries (such as the 12th-century '' Russkaya Pravda'') mention their presence in Kievan Rus' and Poland as the ''smerdones''. Etymologically, the word ''smerd'' comes from a common Indo-European root meaning "ordinary man" or "dependent man". In Kievan Rus', ''smerdy'' were peasants who gradually lost their freedom (partially or completely) and whose legal status differed from group to group. Unlike slaves, they had their own property and had to pay fines for their delinquencies, legally the ''smerds'' never possessed full rights; killing of a ''smerd'' was punished by the same fine as killing of a '' kholop'' (similarly to a slave). The property of the deceased was inherited by the ''knyaz'' (prince). The ''Russkaya Pravda'' forbade torturing ''smerds'' during court examination without consent of the ''knyaz''. During the 12th and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polovtsy
The Cumans or Kumans were a Turkic people, Turkic nomadic people from Central Asia comprising the western branch of the Cumania, Cuman–Kipchak confederation who spoke the Cuman language. They are referred to as Polovtsians (''Polovtsy'') in Rus' chronicles, as "Cumans" in Western sources, and as "Kipchaks" in Eastern sources. Related to the Pecheneg, they inhabited a shifting area north of the Black Sea and along the Volga River known as Cumania, from which the Cuman–Kipchaks meddled in the politics of the Caucasus and the Khwarazmian Empire. The Cumans were fierce and formidable nomadic warriors of the Eurasian Steppe who exerted an enduring influence on the medieval Balkans. They were numerous, culturally sophisticated, and militarily powerful. Many eventually settled west of the Black Sea, influencing the politics of Kievan Rus', the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, Galicia–Volhynia Principality, the Golden Horde Khanate, the Second Bulgarian Empire, the Kingdom of Serbia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
