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Ostromir
Ostromir (; Christian name: Joseph; died ) was the posadnik of Novgorod from 1054 to 1057. Ostromir is known from the first Russian dated book, the Ostromir Gospels (or Ostromir Codex), which he commissioned from his scribe Gregory. The chronicles record that Ostromir was the father of Vyshata and the grandfather of Yan Vyshatich. The Ostromir Gospels names his wife as Theophana, viewed by Andrzej Poppe as a daughter of Anna Porphyrogeneta and Vladimir the Great. Another popular speculation posits Konstantin Dobrynich as the father of Ostromir.Прозоровский Д.И. ''О родстве св. Владимира по матери''. // Записки Академии Наук, т. 5, 1864. According to the ''Sofia First Chronicle'', Ostromir died in 1056 during his military campaign against the Chud Chud or Chude (, , ) is a term historically applied in the early East Slavic annals to several Baltic Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostromir Gospels
The Ostromir Gospels () is the oldest dated book of Kievan Rus'. Archeologists have dated the Novgorod Codex, a wax writing tablet with excerpts from the Psalms, discovered in 2000, to an earlier time range, but unlike the Ostromir Gospels, it does not contain an explicit date. It is currently held in the National Library of Russia. The Ostromir Gospels was created in 1056 or 1057 (the year 6564 in the Byzantine calendar) by the deacon Gregory for his patron Ostromir, the posadnik of Novgorod, probably as a gift for a monastery. Description The book is an illuminated manuscript Gospel Book lectionary containing only feast-day and Sunday readings. It is written in a large uncial hand in two columns on 294 parchment sheets of the size 20 x 24 cm. Each page contains eighteen lines. The book is concluded by the scribe's notice about the circumstances of its creation. Three full page evangelist portraits survive, by two different artists, and many pages have decorative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th-century People From Kievan Rus'
The 11th century is the period from 1001 (represented by the Roman numerals MI) through 1100 (MC) in accordance with the Julian calendar, and the 1st century of the 2nd millennium. In the history of Europe, this period is considered the early part of the High Middle Ages. There was, after a brief ascendancy, a sudden decline of Byzantine power and a rise of Norman domination over much of Europe, along with the prominent role in Europe of notably influential popes. Christendom experienced a formal schism in this century which had been developing over previous centuries between the Latin West and Byzantine East, causing a split in its two largest denominations to this day: Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. In Song dynasty China and the classical Islamic world, this century marked the high point for both classical Chinese civilization, science and technology, and classical Islamic science, philosophy, technology and literature. Rival political factions at the Song dynast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Posadnik
A posadnik (, ) was a representative of the prince in some towns during the times of Kievan Rus', and later the highest-ranking official (mayor) in Novgorod (from 1136) and Pskov (from 1308). In the early 12th century, Novgorod won the right to elect its own posadnik, who was originally appointed by the prince to rule on his behalf during his absence, thus the posadnik became the elected burgomaster. In 1136, the prince Vsevolod was expelled and the Novgorod veche began to appoint and expel princes at its own will. The posadnik was so much of an official that the representative of the prince became known as the namestnik. Etymology The term ''posadnik'' appears to be derived from the early process of princely representation, when the prince placed (''posadi'') his men in towns such as Novgorod. History Novgorod Despite legends of posadniks such as Gostomysl that were set in the 9th century, the term ''posadnik'' first appears in the '' Primary Chronicle'' under the year 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Porphyrogeneta
Anna Porphyrogenita (Greek: Άννα Πορφυρογέννητη) (13 March 963 – 1011) was the grand princess consort of Kiev during her marriage to Vladimir the Great. Life Anna was the daughter of Byzantine emperor Romanos II and the Empress Theophano. She was also the sister of Emperors Basil II and Constantine VIII. Anna was a ''Porphyrogenita'', a legitimate daughter born in the special purple chamber of the Byzantine Emperor's Palace. Anna's hand was considered such a prize that some theorize that Vladimir became Christian just to marry her. Anna did not wish to marry Vladimir and expressed deep distress on her way to her wedding. Vladimir was impressed by Byzantine religious practices; this factor, along with his marriage to Anna, led to his decision to convert to Eastern Christianity. Due to these two factors, he also began Christianizing his realm. By marriage to Grand Prince Vladimir, Anna became the grand princess of Kiev, but in practice, she was referred to as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod ( ; , ; ), also known simply as Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 highway (Russia), M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" part was added to the city's name in 1999. Climate Veliky Novgorod has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification, Köppen ''Dfb''). The city has warm summers with temperatures reaching over 30 °C (86 °F) and relatively cold winters with frequent snowfall. The lowest air temperature ever recorded is -45 °C ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyshata
Vyshata (; died after 1064) was the son of the posadnik of Novgorod, Ostromir. He had a son, Yan Vyshatich. Vyshata was an associate of Vladimir Yaroslavovich, the prince of Novgorod. The authors of the ''Primary Chronicle'' made use of Yan's tales, tending to emphasise Vyshata's leadership in the Russo-Byzantine war of 1043 at the expense of Ivan Tvorimich, who was most likely the commander-in-chief. After his defeat near Constantinople, Vyshata was taken prisoner and spent three years in confinement in Byzantium. Having his return, he supported Rostislav Vladimirovich's attempt to capture the principality of Novgorod, and after its failure, fled to Tmutarakan where Rostislav became a prince. He is known to have had another son by the name of Putiata. Vyshata is mentioned as the right-hand man to Sadko Sadko () is a principal character in Russian '' byliny'' (oral epic poems). He is an adventurer, merchant, and '' gusli'' musician from Novgorod. The story of Sadko is best ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yan Vyshatich
Yan Vyshatich (; ; – 24 June 1106) was a nobleman and military commander (''tysyatsky'') in Kyiv, Kiev. The last known representative of the Dobrynya dynasty, Yan Vyshatich was the son of Vyshata and a grandson of Ostromir. Historical clues about Yan's career are scarce. In the 1070s, Yan Vyshatich collected tribute for Sviatoslav II of Kiev, Sviatoslav II near Beloozero and suppressed an uprising of smerds there. He took part in military campaigns against the Polovtsy and internecine wars. Yan Vyshatich's tales of his and his ancestors' campaigns were Nestor the Chronicler, Nestor's major source in compiling the Primary Chronicle. Sources * {{DEFAULTSORT:Vyshatich, Yan 11th-century people from Kievan Rus' 1010s births 1106 deaths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir The Great
Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych (; Christian name: ''Basil''; 15 July 1015), given the epithet "the Great", was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox Church canonization, canonised him as Saint Vladimir. Vladimir's father was Sviatoslav I of the Rurik dynasty. After the death of his father in 972, Vladimir, who was then the prince of Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod, was forced to flee abroad after his brother Yaropolk I of Kiev, Yaropolk murdered his other brother Oleg of Drelinia, Oleg in 977 to become the sole ruler of Rus'. Vladimir assembled a Varangian army and returned to depose Yaropolk in 978. By 980, Vladimir had consolidated his realm to the Baltic Sea and solidified the frontiers against incursions of Bulgarians, Baltic tribes and Eastern nomads. Originally a follower of Slavic paganism, Vladimir converted to Christianity in 988, and Christianization of Kievan Rus', Christianized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1057 Deaths
Year 1057 ( MLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * June 8 – General Isaac Komnenos proclaims himself emperor in Paphlagonia (modern Turkey), and starts a civil war against Emperor Michael VI. He advances with a Byzantine expeditionary force towards Constantinople. At the same time, Michael sends an army against the rebels – western regiments and eastern ones (those from the Anatolic Theme and Charsianon) – to stop him. * August 20 – Battle of Hades: Rebel forces under Isaac Komnenos defeat the Byzantines on the plains of Hades (near Nicaea). General Katakalon Kekaumenos routs the imperial right flank, and reaches the enemy's camp. He destroys the tents and supplies, which leaves the way open to Constantinople. * September 1 – A riot in favor of Isaac Komnenos breaks out in Constantinople. Patriarch Michael I convinces Michael VI to abdicate the throne, and Isaac is crowned as emp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Name
A Christian name, sometimes referred to as a baptismal name, is a religious personal name given on the occasion of a Christian baptism, though now most often given by parents at birth. In English-speaking cultures, a person's Christian name is commonly their first name and is typically the name by which the person is primarily known. Traditionally, a Christian name was given on the occasion of Christian baptism, with the ubiquity of infant baptism in modern and medieval Christendom. In Elizabethan England, as suggested by William Camden, the term ''Christian name'' was not necessarily related to baptism, used merely in the sense of "given name": Christian names were imposed for the distinction of persons, surnames for the difference of families. In more modern times, the terms have been used interchangeably with ''given name'', ''first name'' and ''forename'' in traditionally Christian countries, and are still common in day-to-day use. Strictly speaking, the Christian na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Dobrynich
Konstantin Dobrynich (; died 1022) was an 11th-century posadnik of Novgorod. According to the Novgorod chronicles, he was the son of Dobrynya and wielded great influence at the court of his own cousin, Yaroslav the Wise. The time at which he became posadnik is uncertain, as are the circumstances. In 1018, he is said to have destroyed the boats which Yaroslav intended to use for fleeing to Scandinavia from his brother Svyatopolk I. Konstantin persuaded Yaroslav to continue his war against Svyatopolk, helped him muster a new druzhina and regain the Kievan throne. Several years later, he fell into disgrace, for reasons unknown, fled to Rostov and was eventually assassinated in Murom Murom (, ) is a historical types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which sprawls along the west bank of the Oka River. It borders Nizhny Novgorod Oblast and is situated from the administrative center Vladimir, ... at the behest of Yaroslav. Historians tend to vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sofia First Chronicle
The ''Sofia First Chronicle'' () is a Rus' chronicle from the 15th century associated with the Cathedral of St. Sophia, Novgorod. It is scholarly abbreviated as S1 or SPL. Its copies exist in two versions: Early Redaction (''starshy izvod''), which ends in 1418, and Later Redaction (''mladshy izvod''), with sporadic additions up to 1471, and up to 1508 in one of the copies. Together with the ''Novgorod Fourth Chronicle'', it is believed that it is derived from a common source. Russian philologist Aleksey Shakhmatov tentatively called it the Novgorodsko-Sofiysky Svod (Novgorod-Sofia Corpus) and initially dated it to 1448, but later revised his opinion to the 1430s. Some Russian philologists shared his opinion, while others attribute the common source to the 1418 Corpus of Photius, Metropolitan of Moscow. See also *''Academic Chronicle'' (''Moscow Academic Manuscript'') *''Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles'' (PSRL) *''Sofia Second Chronicle'' *''Radziwiłł Chronicle'' (''K� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
