|
Xie Zhen (poet)
Xie Zhen (谢榛, 1495–1575) was a Chinese poet of the Ming dynasty. When he was 15 years old, he learned to write poems after Su Donggao (). At age 16, some ''yuefu'' poems he composed became very popular in Linqing, Deping and nearby. Most of his poems depicted the landscape of Yecheng, where he lived for many years. In 1548, Xia Yan and Zeng Xian were executed in a political struggle against Yan Song, and some of Xie's friends were banished from the court in the aftermath, Xie wrote many poems to console them. He was also associated with Prince Xuan of Shen, a literary patron and supporter of Taoism. Xie was involved in the poetry circle "The Latter Seven Masters". Although he became established as a famous poet and critic, he was nevertheless held in low social standing due to having not passed any imperial examinations, let alone the rank of jinshi ''Jinshi'' () was the highest and final degree in the imperial examination in Imperial China. The examination was usually t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuefu
''Yuefu'' are Chinese poems composed in a folk song style. The term originally literally meant "Music Bureau", a reference to the imperial Chinese governmental organization(s) originally charged with collecting or writing the lyrics, later the term ''yuefu'' was applied to later literary imitations or adaptations of the Music Bureau's poems. The use of ''fu'' in ''yuefu'' is different from the other Chinese term ''fu'' that refers to a type of poetry or literature: although homonyms in English, the other '' fu'' () is a rhapsodic poetry/prose form of literature. The term ''yuefu'' covers original folk songs, court imitations and versions by known poets (such as those of Li Bai). As opposed to what appears to be more of an authentic anonymous folk verse which was collected by the Music Bureau, verse written deliberately in this style, often by known authors, is often referred to as "literary ''yuefu''". The lines of the ''yuefu'' can be of uneven length, reflecting its origins as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xia Yan (Ming Dynasty)
Xia Yan (; 1482–1548), courtesy name Gongjin (), was a Chinese politician of the Ming dynasty. Biography Early life and career Xia was born in Guixi, Jiangxi. His father, Xia Ding (), was the subprefectural magistrate of Linqing. In the early reign of the Jiajing Emperor, the emperor paid more attention on ceremony. Xia rationalized the emperor's grand scheme for four separate sacrifices to Heaven, Earth, the Sun, and the Moon, and endorsed it. Thus, he gained the emperor's favor. When the Jiajing Emperor went back to Zhongxiang and prayed at Xianling Tomb, Yan Song requested to let officials convey their congratulations. But Xia delayed the congratulations until they were back to Beijing, which depressed the emperor. Then one day, the emperor visited Changping, Xia was late for the reception. This infuriated the emperor, and Xia was reprimanded for his discourtesy. The emperor pointed out that Xia had originally been recommended for promotion from a minor post and that h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeng Xian
Zeng Xian (曾銑; 1499 - 1548) was a military official of the Ming dynasty of China. Serving in various high military positions in the northern provinces, he was tasked with the defence of the frontier against the Mongols. He was most famous for his proposal to retake the Ordos Loop for the Ming and extend the Great Wall of China over the region, which was met with initial enthusiasm from the Jiajing Emperor; however, opponents of the proposal brought upon a quick reversal which resulted in the downfall and execution of Zeng Xian and his principal supporter, the Senior Grand Secretary Xia Yan. Early life and career Zeng Xian was born into a military family in Jiangdu of Hangzhou, Jiangsu province in 1499. By the age of 30, he had passed the imperial examinations twice, first as a ''juren'' and later as a ''jinshi''. His first official assignment was as magistrate of the town of Changle in Fujian province, after which he was posted to Liaodong as a censor and regional inspecto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yan Song
Yan Song (; 1480–1567), courtesy name Weizhong (惟中), pseudonym Jiexi (介溪), was a Chinese politician and regent of the Ming dynasty. He was notorious for being corrupt and for dominating the Ming government for two decades as Grand Secretary during the reign of the Jiajing Emperor. Biography Early life Yan Song was born in Fenyi, modern-day Jiangxi province. His father, a scholar who had repeatedly failed the imperial examination, put great effort into educating his son from childhood. A talented scholar, he passed the village examinations at the age of 10, and acquired the ''jinshi'' degree at the age of 25, being inducted into the imperial secretariat (Hanlin Academy) as an editor. His early career was quickly cut short by a severe illness which forced Yan Song to return to his hometown, though this proved to be a blessing in disguise, since it kept him away from the imperial court just as it was under the domination of powerful eunuch Liu Jin. Yan Song returned t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taoism
Taoism (, ) or Daoism () refers to either a school of philosophical thought (道家; ''daojia'') or to a religion (道教; ''daojiao''), both of which share ideas and concepts of Chinese origin and emphasize living in harmony with the '' Tao'' (, 'Thoroughfare'); the ''Tao'' is generally defined as the source of everything and the ultimate principle underlying reality. The '' Tao Te Ching'', a book containing teachings attributed to Laozi (), together with the later writings of Zhuangzi, are both widely considered the keystone works of Taoism. Taoism teaches about the various disciplines for achieving perfection through self-cultivation. This can be done through the use of Taoist techniques and by becoming one with the unplanned rhythms of the all, called "the way" or "Tao". Taoist ethics vary depending on the particular school, but in general tend to emphasize ''wu wei'' (action without intention), naturalness, simplicity, spontaneity and the Three Treasures: , compassio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Latter Seven Masters
The Latter Seven Masters () was a Ming dynasty poetry circle composed of Liang Youyu (梁有誉), Li Panlong (李攀龙), Wang Shizhen (王世贞)、 Xie Zhen (谢榛), Zong Chen (宗臣), Xu Zhongxing (徐中行), Wu Guolun (吴国伦). See also *The Latter Five Poets of the Southern Garden The Latter Five Poets of the Southern Garden () was a Ming dynasty poetry circle composed of Liang Youyu (梁有誉), Ou Daren (歐大任), Li Minbiao (黎民表), Wu Dan (吴旦), and Li Shixing (李时行). They are generally considered to ... Seven Masters Chinese poetry groups and movements {{China-poet-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Examination
The imperial examination (; lit. "subject recommendation") refers to a civil-service examination system in Imperial China, administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy. The concept of choosing bureaucrats by merit rather than by birth started early in Chinese history, but using written examinations as a tool of selection started in earnest during the Sui dynasty (581–618) then into the Tang dynasty of 618–907. The system became dominant during the Song dynasty (960–1279) and lasted for almost a millennium until its abolition in the late Qing dynasty reforms in 1905. Aspects of the imperial examination still exist for entry into the civil service of contemporary China, in both the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC). The exams served to ensure a common knowledge of writing, Chinese classics, and literary style among state officials. This common culture helped to unify the empire, and the ideal of achievem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinshi
''Jinshi'' () was the highest and final degree in the imperial examination in Imperial China. The examination was usually taken in the imperial capital in the palace, and was also called the Metropolitan Exam. Recipients are sometimes referred to in English-language sources as Imperial Scholars. The ''jinshi'' degree was first created after the institutionalization of the civil service exam. Initially it had been "for six categories" but was later consolidated into a single degree. This system first appeared during the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD). Throughout the Tang Dynasty, every year around one to two percent of test takers would obtain a ''jinshi'' title out of a total of one to two thousand test takers. The numbers of ''Jinshi'' degrees given out were increased in the Song Dynasty, and the examinations were given every three years. Most senior officials of the Song Dynasty were ''jinshi'' holders. The Ming Dynasty resumed the civil-service exam after its occurrence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty Poets
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump regimes ruled by remnants of the Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the navy's dockyards in Nanjing were the largest in the world. He also took great care breaking the power of the court eunuchs and unr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1495 Births
Year 1495 ( MCDXCV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * February – King's College, Aberdeen, predecessor of the University of Aberdeen in Scotland, is founded on the petition of William Elphinstone, Bishop of Aberdeen. It is the first English-speaking university to teach medicine. * February 22 – Italian War of 1494–98: King Charles VIII of France enters Naples, to claim the city's throne. A few months later, he decides to return to France, and leaves Naples with most of his army, leaving a force under his cousin Gilbert, Count of Montpensier as viceroy. Syphilis is first definitely recorded in Europe during this invasion. (perhaps from French forces who may have contacted Croats fleeing an Ottoman army in the east). * May 26 – A Spanish army under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba lands in Calabria, with the purpose of ousting the French and restoring Ferd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1575 Deaths
__NOTOC__ Year 1575 ( MDLXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 21 – Queen Elizabeth I of England grants a monopoly on producing printed sheet music, to Thomas Tallis and William Byrd. * February 8 – William I of Orange founds Leiden University. * February 13 – Henry III of France is crowned at Reims. * February 14 – Henry III of France marries Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont. * March 3 – Battle of Tukaroi: The Mughal Empire decisively defeats the Karrani dynasty of Bengal. * June 24 – William I of Orange marries Charlotte of Bourbon. * June 28 – Battle of Nagashino: Oda Nobunaga defeats Takeda Katsuyori in Japan's first ''modern'' battle. July–December * July 7 – Raid of the Redeswire: Sir John Carmichael defeats Sir John Forster, in the last battle between England and Scotland. * July 26 – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poets From Shandong
A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems ( oral or written), or they may also perform their art to an audience. The work of a poet is essentially one of communication, expressing ideas either in a literal sense (such as communicating about a specific event or place) or metaphorically. Poets have existed since prehistory, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary greatly in different cultures and periods. Throughout each civilization and language, poets have used various styles that have changed over time, resulting in countless poets as diverse as the literature that (since the advent of writing systems) they have produced. History In Ancient Rome, professional poets were generally sponsored by patrons, wealthy supporters including nobility and military officials. For ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
