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Wisdom Without A Teacher
Wisdom without a teacher (Chinese: 無師智, pinyin: wúshīzhì; Japanese: 無師独悟, mushi-dokugo, Skt. svayaṃbhūjñāna anācāryaka), sometimes also called "self-enlightened and self-certified," or in Japanese, is a term used in Zen Buddhism to refer to the experience of a Zen practitioner reaching enlightenment (bodhi) or kensho without the aid of a master or teacher.Bernard Faure. Visions of Power: Imagining Medieval Japanese Buddhism, page 48, Princeton University Press, 1996Nguyen, T.T.D. (Re-)invented Chan Lineage, Unique Vietnamese Meditation School, or Both? Thích Thanh Từ’s “Revived” Trúc Lâm Tradition of Thiền Tông. ''Religions'' 2024, ''15'', 352. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030352 The idea of wisdom without a teacher is often considered suspect among various Zen schools, like in the modern Japanese Sōtō school. William Bodiford writes that since the risk of self-delusion is high, it is common for Zen disciples to rely on their teacher t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural diffusion, diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age#South Asia, Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. It was a lingua franca, link language in ancient and medieval South Asia, and upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions. As a result, Sanskrit had a lasting effect on the languages of South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially in their formal and learned vocabularies. Sanskrit generally connotes several Indo-Aryan languages# ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bodhisattva Vow
Gandharan relief depicting the ascetic Megha ( Shakyamuni in a past life) prostrating before the past Buddha Dīpaṅkara, c. 2nd century CE ( Swat_District.html" ;"title="Gandhara, Swat District">Swat Valley) The Bodhisattva vow is a vow (Sanskrit: '','' lit. bodhisattva aspiration or resolution; Chinese: 菩薩願, pusa yuan; J. bosatsugan) taken by some Mahāyāna Buddhists to achieve full buddhahood for the sake of all sentient beings. One who has taken the vow is nominally known as a bodhisattva (a being working towards buddhahood). This can be done by venerating all Buddhas and by cultivating supreme moral and spiritual perfection, to be placed in the service of others. In particular, bodhisattvas promise to practice the six perfections of giving, moral discipline, patience, effort, concentration and wisdom in order to fulfill their bodhicitta aim of attaining buddhahood for the sake of all beings. The vow is commonly taken in a ritual setting, overseen by a senior mon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zibo Zhenke
Zibo () is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, China. It borders the provincial capital Jinan to the west, Tai'an to the southwest, Linyi to the south, Weifang to the east, Dongying to the northeast, and Binzhou to the north. Zibo spans . As of the 2020 cenus, Zibo's population was 4,704,138, of which 4.41 million lived in the metro area comprising five urban districts—Zhangdian, Zichuan, Boshan, Zhoucun and Linzi–and parts of neighboring counties Huantai, Gaoqing, and Yiyuan. The Zibo area was the centre of the ancient State of Qi, whose capital Linzi was the most populous city in China at its peak. Pu Songling, a well-known writer of the Qing dynasty, is one of the most famous people from Zibo. As the birthplace of Qi culture, Zibo is a notable tourist city. Manufacturing holds an important place of the city's economy, particularly ceramics manufacturing. Other key industries include the petrochemical industry, pharmaceuticals, metallurgy, construct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanshan Deqing
Hanshan Deqing (, Wade Giles: Han-Shan Te-Ch’ing, "Crazy Mountain, Virtuous Clarity", c. 1546–1623), was a leading Buddhist monk and poet of the late Ming dynasty China.Buswell Jr.; Lopez Jr. (2013) ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', p. 344. Princeton University Press.Hsu Sung-Peng (1979), p. 1. He was also posthumously named Hongjue Chanshi (弘覺禪師). Hanshan was known for studying and teaching Pure Land, Huayan and Chan Buddhism. He is known as one of the four great masters of the Wanli Era Ming Dynasty, along with Yunqi Zhuhong (1535–1613) and Zibo Zhenke (1543–1603) both of whom he knew personally. He also wrote their biographies after their deaths. Hanshan has remained an influential figure in Chinese Chan Buddhism down to the twentieth century. His works are widely printed and published in various editions. His teachings were most recently promoted by modern figures like Xuyun (1840?-1959) and his disciple Charles Luk (1898–1978). Life Ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foyan Qingyuan
Foyan Qingyuan (1067–1120) was an important master of Chan Buddhism in the Yangqi branch of the Linji School. He was a student of Wuzu Fayan (d. 1104), and was known as one of the "three Buddhas of East Mountain" (the mountain whose famous former resident had been the 5th Chan patriarch Hongren), along with his dharma brothers, Yuanwu Keqin and Taiping Huiqin (1059–1117). Teachings Foyan emphasized independence and autonomy in his teachings, wishing for his students to be able to stand on their own feet. He said, "What do you go to a 'Zen center' for? You should make a living on your own, and not listen to what others say." He was critical of dependence on teachers, as can be seen in the following story, told by Foyan thus: In addition to his emphasis on independence and autonomy, Foyan was also critical of reliance on public cases and ''gong'an'' stories, arguing that such things did not exist during the time of Bodhidharma Bodhidharma was a semi-legendary Bhikkhu, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dayi Daoxin
Dayi Daoxin ( Chinese: 大毉道信; Pinyin: ''Dàyī Dàoxìn;'' Wade–Giles: ''Ta-i Tao-hsin;'' Rōmaji: ''Daii Dōshin''), who lived from 580 to 651, was the fourth Chán Buddhist Patriarch, following Jianzhi Sengcan ( Chinese: 鑑智僧璨; Pīnyīn: ''Jiànzhì Sēngcàn''; Wade–Giles: ''Chien-chih Seng-ts'an''; Rōmaji: ''Kanchi Sōsan'') and preceding Daman Hongren ( Chinese: 弘忍; Pinyin: ''Hóngrěn''; Wade–Giles: ''Hung2-jen3''; Rōmaji: ''Kōnin/Gunin''; Korean romanization: ''Hong'in''). The earliest mention of Daoxin is in the "Further Biographies of Eminent Monks" ( Chinese: 續高僧傳; Pīnyīn: ''Xù Gāosēng Zhuàn''; Wade–Giles: ''Hsü Kao-seng Chuan''; Rōmaji: ''Zoku Kosoden'') by Tao-hsuan (d. 667). A later source, the "Annals of the Transmission of the Dharma-treasure" ( Chinese: 傳法寶記; Pīnyīn: ''Chuánfǎ Bǎojì''; Wade–Giles: ''Ch'üanfa Paochi'') written around 712, gives further details of Daoxin's life. As with many of the very ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxhead School
The Oxhead school (牛頭宗 ''Niu-t'ou zong'') was an important tradition of Chinese Chan Buddhism in the Tang dynasty, which claimed to have been founded by Niutou Farong 牛頭法融 (594–657), whom the tradition regards as a Dharma heir of the Fourth Patriarch Daoxin (580-651). However, the connection between the two monks is tenuous, and the actual formation of the Oxhead School as a lineage independent of both Northern and Southern Chan has been credited to the monk Zhiwei (646–722). Their main temple was located at Oxhead Mountain (Niu-t'ou shan) in Chiang-su, near modern Nanjing, hence the name. The school throve throughout the Tang and into the early years of the Song dynasty (10th century). Sharf observes that the Oxhead School played a central role in the development of early Chan. According to John R. McRae, the original text of the Platform Sutra may have originated within the Oxhead school. Teachings An important text associated with the Oxhead School is the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bodhidharma
Bodhidharma was a semi-legendary Bhikkhu, Buddhist monk who lived during the 5th or 6th century CE. He is traditionally credited as the transmitter of Chan Buddhism to China, and is regarded as its first Chinese Lineage (Buddhism), patriarch. He is also popularly regarded as the founder of Shaolin kung fu, an idea popularized in the 20th century, but based on the 17th century Yijin Jing and the Daoist association of ''daoyin'' gymnastics with Bodhidharma. Little contemporary biographical information on Bodhidharma is extant, and subsequent accounts became layered with legend and unreliable details. According to the principal Chinese sources, Bodhidharma came from the Western Regions, which typically refers to Central Asia but can also include the Indian subcontinent, and is described as either a "Persians, Persian Central Asian" or a "South Indian [...] the third son of a great Indian king." Aside from the Chinese accounts, several popular traditions also exist regarding Bodhi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platform Sutra
Double page from the Korean woodblock print of "''The Sixth Patriarch's Dharma Jewel Platform Sutra''", Bibliothèque_Nationale_de_France.html" ;"title="Goryeo, c. 1310. Bibliothèque Nationale de France">Goryeo, c. 1310. Bibliothèque Nationale de France. The ''Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch'' ( or simply: ''Tánjīng'') is a Chan Buddhist scripture that was composed in China during the 8th to 13th century. The "platform" (施法壇) refers to the podium on which a Buddhist teacher speaks. It is a repository of early Chan teachings, centering on the notion of the Buddha-nature, which is "''only'' made invisible to ordinary humans by their illusions." Notably, In Chan Buddhism it is the only Chinese Buddhist text that is explicitly referred to as a "Sutra," emphasizing its central importance in the canon. The text centers on the teachings and stories ascribed to the sixth Chan patriarch Huineng. It contains the well-known story of the contest for the succession of Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diamond Sutra
The ''Diamond Sutra'' (Sanskrit: ) is a Mahayana, Mahāyāna Buddhism, Buddhist sutra from the genre of ('perfection of wisdom') sutras. Translated into a variety of languages over a broad geographic range, the ''Diamond Sūtra'' is one of the most influential Mahayana sutras in East Asia, and it is particularly prominent within the Chan Buddhism, Chan (or Zen) tradition, along with the ''Heart Sutra''. A copy of the Tang dynasty ''Diamond Sūtra'' was found among the Dunhuang manuscripts in 1900 by Daoist monk Wang Yuanlu and sold to Aurel Stein in 1907. It dates back to May 11, 868 CE and is broadly considered to be the oldest extant printed book, although other, earlier, printed materials on paper exist that predate this artifact. It is in the collection of the British Library. The book of the diamond sutra is also the first known creative work with an explicit public domain dedication, as its colophon (publishing), colophon at the end states that it was created "for unive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huineng
Dajian Huineng or Hui-nengThe Sutra of Hui-neng, Grand Master of Zen, with Hui-neng's Commentary on the Diamond Sutra, translated by Thomas Cleary, Shambhala Publications, 1998 (; February 27, 638 – August 28, 713), also commonly known as the Sixth Patriarch or Sixth Ancestor of Chan (traditional Chinese: 禪宗六祖), is a semi-legendary but central figure in the early history of Chinese Chan Buddhism. According to tradition Huineng was an uneducated layman who suddenly attained awakening (Chinese: 見性, jianxing) upon hearing the Diamond Sutra. Despite his lack of formal training, he demonstrated his understanding to the fifth patriarch, Daman Hongren, who then supposedly chose Huineng as his true successor instead of his publicly known selection of Yuquan Shenxiu. Huineng is regarded as the founder of the "Sudden Enlightenment" Southern Chan school of Buddhism, which focuses on an immediate and direct attainment of Buddhist enlightenment. The '' Platform Sutra of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Master Yüan
Master Yüan was an iconoclastic teacher who appears in the ''Long Scroll'' (also called the ''Bodhidharma Anthology'' by Jeffrey Broughton)'','' which contains the earliest known records of Chan. According to Broughton, despite being an obscure figure and not appearing in traditional collections of biographies or Chan genealogical charts, Yüan may be the earliest "Zen master." Teachings According to Broughton, Yüan's teachings prefigure the hallmark doctrine of sudden awakening famously advocated by the later Southern School of Chan, thus making its hero, Huineng, a "descendant in rhetoric" of Yüan. Yanagida Seizan also considers Yüan's teaching to anticipate Shenhui's critique of the gradualistic meditation methods of the Northern School,John R. McRae. Yanagida Seizan's Landmark Works on Chinese Ch'an, page 89, Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie, vol. 7, 1993. Numéro spécial sur le Chan/Zen : Special Issue on Chan/Zen. En l'honneur de Yanagida Seizan and sees Yüan as foretokening th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
