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Whipping Boy
A whipping boy was a boy educated alongside a prince (or boy monarch) in early modern Europe, who supposedly received corporal punishment for the prince's transgressions in his presence. The prince was not punished himself because his royal status exceeded that of his tutor; seeing a friend punished would provide an equivalent motivation not to repeat the offence. An archaic proverb which captures a similar idea is "to beat a dog before a lion". Whipping was a common punishment administered by tutors at that time. There is little contemporary evidence for the existence of whipping boys, and evidence that some princes were indeed whipped by their tutors, although Nicholas Orme suggests that nobles might have been beaten less often than other pupils. Some historians regard whipping boys as entirely mythical; others suggest they applied only in the case of a boy king, protected by divine right, and not to mere princes. In Renaissance humanism, Erasmus' treatises "The Education o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sacrificial Lamb
A sacrificial lamb is a metaphorical reference to a person or animal sacrificed for the common good. The term is derived from the traditions of the Abrahamic religions where a lamb is a highly valued possession. In politics In politics, a sacrificial lamb candidate is a candidate chosen to contest an election with little chance of victory. The political party thus appoints the person as a sort of "sacrifice" to the stronger opponent. In some cases, fielding a sacrificial lamb candidate can serve as an opportunity for the party to be more creative in choosing a candidate than would normally be considered acceptable in a closely contested race. Alan Keyes and Geraldine A. Ferraro are examples in American politics. In 1956, Adlai Stevenson was considered a sacrificial lamb candidate for president against Dwight Eisenhower. In 2004, Howard Mills was considered a sacrificial lamb candidate for the U.S. Senate from New York against Chuck Schumer. In the arts In cinema and literatu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Guy (historian)
John Alexander Guy (born 16 January 1949) is a British historian and biographer specialising in the early modern period. Biography Born in Warragul, Victoria, Australia, Guy moved to Britain with his parents in 1952. He was educated at King Edward VII School in Lytham St Annes in Lancashire, and Clare College, Cambridge, where he read history, achieving a First in 1970. At Cambridge, Guy studied under the Tudor specialist Geoffrey Elton. He was awarded a Greene Cup by Clare College in 1970 and the Yorke Prize by the University of Cambridge in 1976. He was appointed a Research Fellow at Selwyn College in 1970, completing his PhD on Thomas Wolsey in 1973. During his academic career, Guy has held posts at St Andrews University (where he is Honorary Professor and was sometime Vice-Principal for Research), Bristol University, UC Berkeley, University of Rochester and Johns Hopkins. Guy currently teaches at Cambridge University The University of Cambridge is a P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Fuller
Thomas Fuller (baptised 19 June 1608 – 16 August 1661) was an English churchman and historian. He is now remembered for his writings, particularly his ''Worthies of England'', published in 1662, after his death. He was a prolific author, and one of the first English writers able to live by his pen (and his many patrons).Stephen, Leslie (1889). " Thomas Fuller". In ''Dictionary of National Biography''. 20. London. pp. 315-320. Early life Fuller was the eldest son of Thomas Fuller, rector of Aldwinkle St Peter's, Northamptonshire. He was born at his father's rectory and was baptised on 19 June 1608. Dr John Davenant, bishop of Salisbury, was his uncle and godfather. According to John Aubrey, Fuller was "a boy of pregnant wit". At thirteen he was admitted to Queens' College, Cambridge, then presided over by John Davenant. His cousin, Edward Davenant, was a tutor there. He did well academically; and in Lent 1624–1625 he became B.A. and in July 1628, at only 20 years of age ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 1st Baron Upper Ossory
Barnaby Fitzpatrick (born ) (c.1478–1575) was the last person to have claim to the kingship of Osraige; forfeiting his ancestral title in favour of being created the first Lord Baron Upper Ossory by King Henry VIII of England, by patent dated 11 June 1541, as part of the King's policy of Surrender and regrant. Barnaby Fitzpatrick was subsequently knighted on 1 July 1543. Biography Brían, finding his brother Diarmaid an embarrassment and a hindrance to his ambitions of becoming an English Baron, gave up his brother to the Butlers and the Butlers acted out their cruel revenge on him. That being done, Brían, in 1537, submitted to the English king and gave up all his ancient rights. So in 1541, Brían became Barnaby Fitzpatrick, the First Baron of Upper Ossory at Castletown. He was afterwards imprisoned at Waterford until he restored "some he had in Leix". Family First, about 1491 he married an unknown daughter of Ó Mórdha, who was his first cousin; she died, probably in chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 2nd Baron Upper Ossory
Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 2nd Baron Upper Ossory ( – 11 September 1581) was an Irish military officer and politician. He was educated at the court of Henry VIII of England with Edward, Prince of Wales. While he was in France, he corresponded regularly with King Edward VI. He was active in suppressing Wyatt's rebellion in 1553. He went home to Ireland, where he would have a lifelong feud with the Earl of Ormonde. His wife and daughter were abducted in 1573 by the Grace family, supposedly at Ormonde's instigation. He killed his cousin, the rebel Rory O'More in 1578. Early life Fitzpatrick was the eldest son and heir of Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 1st Baron Upper Ossory and Margaret, eldest daughter of Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormond. He was born in Ireland, probably about 1535. Sent at an early age into England as a pledge of his father's loyalty, he was educated at court, where he became the closest companion of Edward, Prince of Wales, later Edward VI, with whom he was to remain on clo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward VI Of England
Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death in 1553. He was crowned on 20 February 1547 at the age of nine. The only surviving son of Henry VIII by his third wife, Jane Seymour, Edward was the first English monarch to be raised as a Protestant. During his reign, the realm was governed by a regency council because Edward never reached maturity. The council was first led by his uncle Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset (1547–1549), and then by John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland (1550–1553). Edward's reign was marked by many economic problems and social unrest that in 1549 erupted into riot and rebellion. An expensive Rough Wooing, war with Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, at first successful, ended with military withdrawal from Scotland and Boulogne-sur-Mer in exchange for peace. The transformation of the Church of England into a recognisably Protestant body also occurred under Edward, who too ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Cotton (courtier)
Sir Richard Cotton (in or before 1497 – 1556), was a courtier in the court of Henry VIII of England. He came from Shropshire and began his career as a lawyer before entering the king's service. His elder brother George Cotton was in charge of the household of the king's son Henry, Duke of Richmond at Sheriff Hutton Castle, and Richard served there as comptroller. The king granted him property in Bedhampton, Hampshire and Bourne, Lincolnshire. He became privy councillor in May 1552. He was knight of the shire for Hampshire in 1553 and Cheshire Cheshire ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in North West England. It is bordered by Merseyside to the north-west, Greater Manchester to the north-east, Derbyshire to the east, Staffordshire to the south-east, and Shrop ... in 1554. References * * Birkbeck, J.D. A History of Bourne.(1976) * Davies, Catharine. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 1490s births 1556 deaths Year of birth uncertain Polit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Croke
Richard Croke (or Crocus) (c. 1489–1558) was an English classical scholar and a royal tutor and agent. Early life and education He was educated at Eton College.''Concise Dictionary of National Biography''. He took his BA at King's College, Cambridge in 1510 and proceeded to travel. He studied Greek with William Grocyn in London and Oxford and then with Erasmus and Aleander in Paris in 1511. In 1514, he was called to the University of Leipzig, where he remained for some years. Among his pupils were Joachim Camerarius, Hieronymus Dungersheim, who had studied with Croke in Dresden, and Caspar Creuziger. He was replaced by Petrus Mosellanus. As a young man, he was identified as a follower of Erasmus, who was then constructing his ''editio princeps'' of the New Testament in Greek (Basel, 1516). Career He was recalled by John Fisher in 1519 to teach Greek at Cambridge. It had been in abeyance since Erasmus's time (1511–1513), and he was Cambridge's second lecturer in Greek. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke Of Richmond And Somerset
Henry FitzRoy, Duke of Richmond and Somerset (c. 15 June 1519 – 23 July 1536) was the son of Henry VIII of England and his mistress Elizabeth Blount, and the only child born out of wedlock whom Henry acknowledged. He was the younger half-brother of Mary I, as well as the older half-brother of Elizabeth I and Edward VI. Through his mother, he was the elder half-brother of Elizabeth, George, and Robert Tailboys. His surname means "son of the king" in Norman French. Birth Henry FitzRoy was born in June 1519. His mother was Elizabeth Blount, Catherine of Aragon's lady-in-waiting, and his father was Henry VIII. FitzRoy was conceived when Queen Catherine was approaching her last confinement with another of Henry's children, a stillborn daughter born in November 1518. To avoid scandal, Blount was taken from Henry's court to the Augustinian priory of St Laurence at Blackmore near Ingatestone, in Essex. FitzRoy's birthdate is often given as 15 June 1519, but the exact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loeb Classical Library
The Loeb Classical Library (LCL; named after James Loeb; , ) is a monographic series of books originally published by Heinemann and since 1934 by Harvard University Press. It has bilingual editions of ancient Greek and Latin literature, with the original Greek or Latin text on the left-hand page and a fairly literal translation on the facing page. History Under the inspiration drawn from the book series specializing in publishing classical texts exclusively in the original languages, such as the Bibliotheca Teubneriana, established in 1849 or the Oxford Classical Texts book series, founded in 1894, the Loeb Classical Library was conceived and initially funded by the Jewish-German-American banker and philanthropist James Loeb (1867–1933). The first volumes were edited by Thomas Ethelbert Page, W. H. D. Rouse, and Edward Capps, and published by William Heinemann, Ltd. (London) in 1912, already in their distinctive green (for Greek text) and red (for Latin) hardco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaedrus (fabulist)
Gaius Julius Phaedrus (; ; Phaîdros), or Phaeder (c. 15 BC – c. 50 AD) was a 1st-century AD Roman Empire, Roman fabulist and the first versifier of a collection of Aesop's fables into Latin. Nothing is recorded of his life except for what can be inferred from his poems, and there was little mention of his work during late antiquity. It was not until the discovery of a few imperfect manuscripts during and following the Renaissance that his importance emerged, both as an author and in the transmission of the fables. Biography The poet describes himself as born in the Pierian Mountains, perhaps in Pydna, and names the Thracians, Thracian musicians Linus of Thrace, Linus and Orpheus as his countrymen. The inscriptions and subscriptions in the manuscript tradition identify him as a ancient Roman freedmen, freedman of Augustus. Some have inferred from these data that Phaedrus was brought to Rome in his childhood as a slave following the Thracian campaign of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
