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Waxy Cap
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics (gilled mushrooms), including ''Hygrophorus'' and ''Hygrocybe'' species (the waxcaps or waxy caps), DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some ''Hygrocybe'' and ''Hygrophorus'' species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets. Taxonomy History The family Hygrophoraceae was first proposed by Dutch botanist Johannes Paulus Lotsy (1907) to accommodate agarics with thick, waxy lamellae (gills) and white spores. Lotsy's concept of the family included not only the waxcap-related genera ''Hygrophorus'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophorus Eburneus
''Hygrophorus eburneus'', commonly known as the ivory waxy cap or the cowboy's handkerchief, is a species of edible mushroom in the waxgill family of fungi. ''Hygrophorus eburneus'' is the type species of the genus ''Hygrophorus''. The fruit bodies are medium-sized, pure white, and when wet are covered in a layer of slime thick enough to make the mushroom difficult to pick up. The gills are broadly attached to the stem or running down it; as the family name suggests, they feel waxy when rubbed between the fingers. It is widespread in Europe and North America, and has also been collected in northern Africa. Like all ''Hygrophorus'' species, the fungus is mycorrhizal—having a symbiotic association whereby the underground fungal mycelia penetrate and exchange nutrients with tree roots. They are common in a variety of forest types, where they grow on the ground in thickets or grassy areas. A number of biologically active chemicals have been purified from the fruit bodies of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictyonema
''Dictyonema'' is a genus of mainly tropical basidiolichens in the family Hygrophoraceae. The ''Dictyonema'' symbiosis Most lichens are a symbiosis between an ascomycota, ascomycete fungus and a photosynthetic green alga. However, a small percentage of lichens (approximately 10%) are cyanolichens and contain a photosynthetic cyanobacterium instead of green algae, and an even smaller number (less than 1%) are basidiolichens and contain a basidiomycota, basidiomycete fungus instead of an ascomycete. This makes ''Dictyonema'' more closely related to mushrooms than it is to most other lichens. Taxonomy and naming The genus ''Dictyonema'' was first named in 1822 by Carl Adolph Agardh, Carl Agardh and Carl Sigismund Kunth, Carl Kunth after examining a novel fungus that was sent to them from Brazil.Kunth, CS, and CA Agardh. 1822. Synopsis Plantarum, Quas in Itinere ad Plagam Aequinoctialem Orbis Novi, Collegerunt Al. de Humboldt et Am. Bonpland (Paris). Volume 1, pg. 1. The genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family (, : ) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". The delineation of what constitutes a family—or whether a described family should be acknowledged—is established and decided upon by active taxonomists. There are not strict regulations for outlining or acknowledging a family, yet in the realm of plants, these classifications often rely on both the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of plant species. Taxonomists frequently hold varying perspectives on these descriptions, leading to a lack of widespread consensus within the scientific community ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semiomphalina
''Semiomphalina'' is a basidiolichen genus in the family Hygrophoraceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species ''Semiomphalina leptoglossoides'', found in Papua New Guinea. See also * List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of ... References External links * Hygrophoraceae Lichen genera Monotypic Agaricales genera Basidiolichens Taxa described in 1984 {{Hygrophoraceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudoarmillariella
''Pseudoarmillariella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hygrophoraceae. The genus contains three species found in Central America, North America, and Asia. ''Pseudoarmillariella'' was described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1956. See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of ... References Agaricales genera Hygrophoraceae Taxa named by Rolf Singer {{Hygrophoraceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porpolomopsis
''Porpolomopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was circumscribed in 2008 by Andreas Bresinsky to contain '' P. calyptriformis''. Bresinsky separated it from the genus ''Hygrocybe'' based on its color and the absence of DOPA pigments. '' P. lewelliniae'' was transferred to the genus based on DNA and morphology. Three undescribed species also belong in the genus. Species of ''Porpolomopsis'' have also formerly been placed in the genus '' Humidicutis'', to which they are closely related but differ in having narrowly attached or free gills and the shape of the hyphae in their cap. Species of ''Porpolomopsis'' are found in Europe, North America, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neohygrocybe
''Neohygrocybe'' is a genus of agaric fungi in the family Hygrophoraceae. ''Neohygrocybe'' species belong to a group known as waxcaps in English, sometimes also waxy caps in North America or waxgills in New Zealand. In Europe, ''Neohygrocybe'' species are typical of waxcap grasslands, a declining habitat due to changing agricultural practices. As a result, three species, '' Neohygrocybe ingrata'', '' Neohygrocybe nitrata'', and '' Neohygrocybe ovina'', are of global conservation concern and are listed as "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Taxonomy The genus was described by Czech mycologist Josef Herink in 1958. It was formerly synonymized with ''Hygrocybe'' by many authorities, but recent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, indicates that ''Neohygrocybe'' is monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a groupi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichenomphalia
''Lichenomphalia'' is both a basidiolichen and an agaric genus. Most of the species have inconspicuous lichenized thallus, thalli that consist of scattered, small, loose, nearly microscopic green balls or foliose small flakes containing single-celled green algae in the genus ''Coccomyxa'', all interconnected by a loose network of hyphae. The agaric fruit bodies themselves are nonlichenized and resemble other types of Omphalina, omphalinoid mushrooms. These agarics lack clamp connections and do not form hymenium, hymenial cystidium, cystidia. The basidiospores are hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, and nonamyloid. Most of the species were originally classified in the genera ''Omphalina'' or ''Gerronema''. Historically the species were classified with those other genera in the family, the Tricholomataceae together with the nonlichenized species. ''Lichenomphalia'' species can be grouped into brightly colored taxa, with vivid yellow and orange colors, versus the grey brown group, depending ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humidicutis
''Humidicutis'' is a small genus of brightly coloured agarics, the majority of which are found in Eastern Australia. They were previously described as members of ''Hygrocybe''. The genus ''Porpolomopsis'' is closely related, and the species in it were once placed in ''Humidicutis''. The genus was described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1959. The generic name derives from the Latin ''humidus'' "moist" and ''cutis'' "skin", referring to their moist caps. Species See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of ... References Agaricales genera Hygrophoraceae Taxa named by Rolf Singer {{Hygrophoraceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrocybe
''Hygrocybe'' is a genus of agarics (gilled fungi) in the family Hygrophoraceae. Called waxcaps in English (sometimes waxy caps in North America), basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are often brightly coloured and have dry to waxy pileus (mycology), caps, white spores, and smooth, ringless stipe (mycology), stems. In Europe waxcaps are characteristic of old, unimproved grasslands (termed waxcap grasslands) which are a declining habitat, making many ''Hygrocybe'' species of conservation (biology), conservation concern. Four of these waxcap-grassland species, ''Hygrocybe citrinovirens'', ''Hygrocybe punicea, H. punicea'', ''Hygrocybe spadicea, H. spadicea'', and ''Hygrocybe splendidissima, H. splendidissima'', are assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Elsewhere waxcaps are more typically found in woodlands. Most are ground-dwelling and all are believed to be biotrophs. Around 150 species are recognized worldwide. Fruit bodies of severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygroaster
''Hygroaster'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Hygrophoraceae. The genus was described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1955. See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of ... References External links Agaricales genera Taxa named by Rolf Singer Tricholomataceae {{Tricholomataceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haasiella
''Haasiella'' is a fungal genus in the family Hygrophoraceae. It is a monotypic genus that contains only the species ''Haasiella venustissima''. ''Haasiella splendidissima'', formerly considered to be a distinct species based on its 4-spored basidia, was found by a DNA study to be synonymous with ''Haasiella venustissima''. ''Haasiella venustissima'' is only known from Europe and is saprotrophic on wood. ''Haasiella'' was described as a new genus in 1966 by Czech mycologists František Kotlaba and Zdeněk Pouzar. It is most closely related to the genus ''Hygrophorus''. The genus name is in honour of Hans Haas, a German mycologist, who was a specialist on ''Agaricus'' from Schnait near Stuttgart. See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of .. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
