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Porpolomopsis
''Porpolomopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was circumscribed in 2008 by Andreas Bresinsky to contain '' P. calyptriformis''. Bresinsky separated it from the genus ''Hygrocybe'' based on its color and the absence of DOPA pigments. '' P. lewelliniae'' was transferred to the genus based on DNA and morphology. Three undescribed species also belong in the genus. Species of ''Porpolomopsis'' have also formerly been placed in the genus '' Humidicutis'', to which they are closely related but differ in having narrowly attached or free gills and the shape of the hyphae in their cap. Species of ''Porpolomopsis'' are found in Europe, North America, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porpolomopsis Calyptriformis
''Porpolomopsis calyptriformis'', commonly known as the pink wax cap, ballerina waxcap or salmon waxy cap, is a species of agaric (gilled mushroom) in the family Hygrophoraceae. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. A similar but as yet unnamed species occurs in North America. Taxonomy The species was first described in 1838 by the Rev. Miles Joseph Berkeley as ''Agaricus calyptraeformis'' (so spelt), based on specimens he collected locally in England. In 1889, Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod moved it to the genus ''Hygrocybe''. The specific epithet comes from Greek καλὐπτρα (= a woman's veil) + Latin forma (= shape), hence "veil-shaped". In 2008, Bresinsky proposed the genus ''Porpolomopsis'' to accommodate the species. Recent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DN ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porpolomopsis Lewelliniae
''Porpolomopsis lewelliniae'', commonly known as the mauve splitting wax-cap, is a gilled fungus of the waxcap family found in wet forests of eastern Australia and New Zealand. The small mauve- or lilac-coloured mushrooms are fairly common and appear in moss or leaf litter on the forest floor in autumn, and are biotrophic. The key distinguishing feature is the splitting of the cap dividing down the middle of the individual gills. Taxonomy It was initially described as ''Hygrophorus lewelliniae'' by Hungarian mycologist Károly Kalchbrenner in 1882, and later as ''Hygrocybe lewelliniae'' by Brittlebank in 1940, before being placed in the genus '' Humidicutis'' by Australian mycologist Tony Young in 1997. Kalchbrenner named this species in honour of the collector of the type specimen, Madeline Lewellin. A molecular phylogenetics study found it to be more closely related to the type species of the genus ''Porpolomopsis'', ''Porpolomopsis calyptriformis'' so it was transferred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Agaricales Genera
This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of Life (2023) and is subject to change as new research is published. Many genera are not as yet assigned to a family and are listed under "incertae sedis". Genera * See also *List of Agaricales families References Notes References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1983 , title=Beitrag zur Flora cyphelloider Pilze aus der Neotropis V. Zwei neue Gattungen: ''Metulocyphella'' und ''Incrustocalyptella'' , journal=Zeitschrift für Mykologie , volume=49 , issue=2 , pages=155–164 , language=de , trans-title=Contribution to neotropical cyphelloid fungi V. Two new genera: ''Metulocyphella'' and ''Incrustocalyptella'' {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1983 , title=Typusstudien an cyphelloiden Pil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophoraceae
The Hygrophoraceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order (biology), order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics (gilled mushrooms), including ''Hygrophorus'' and ''Hygrocybe'' species (the waxcaps or waxy caps), DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some ''Hygrocybe'' and ''Hygrophorus'' species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets. Taxonomy History The family Hygrophoraceae was first proposed by Dutch botanist Johannes Paulus Lotsy (1907) to accommodate agarics with thick, waxy lamella (mycology), lamellae (gills) and white basidiospore, spores. Lotsy's concept of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrocybe
''Hygrocybe'' is a genus of agarics (gilled fungi) in the family Hygrophoraceae. Called waxcaps in English (sometimes waxy caps in North America), basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are often brightly coloured and have dry to waxy pileus (mycology), caps, white spores, and smooth, ringless stipe (mycology), stems. In Europe waxcaps are characteristic of old, unimproved grasslands (termed waxcap grasslands) which are a declining habitat, making many ''Hygrocybe'' species of conservation (biology), conservation concern. Four of these waxcap-grassland species, ''Hygrocybe citrinovirens'', ''Hygrocybe punicea, H. punicea'', ''Hygrocybe spadicea, H. spadicea'', and ''Hygrocybe splendidissima, H. splendidissima'', are assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Elsewhere waxcaps are more typically found in woodlands. Most are ground-dwelling and all are believed to be biotrophs. Around 150 species are recognized worldwide. Fruit bodies of severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humidicutis
''Humidicutis'' is a small genus of brightly coloured agarics, the majority of which are found in Eastern Australia. They were previously described as members of ''Hygrocybe''. The genus ''Porpolomopsis'' is closely related, and the species in it were once placed in ''Humidicutis''. The genus was described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1959. The generic name derives from the Latin ''humidus'' "moist" and ''cutis'' "skin", referring to their moist caps. Species See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of ... References Agaricales genera Hygrophoraceae Taxa named by Rolf Singer {{Hygrophoraceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miles Joseph Berkeley
Miles Joseph Berkeley (1 April 1803 – 30 July 1889) was an English cryptogamist and clergyman, and one of the founders of the science of plant pathology. Life Berkeley was born at Biggin Hall, Benefield, Northamptonshire, and educated at Rugby School and Christ's College, Cambridge. Taking holy orders, he became incumbent of Apethorpe in 1837, and vicar of Sibbertoft, near Market Harborough, in 1868. He acquired an enthusiastic love of cryptogamic botany (lichens) in his early years, and soon was recognized as the leading British authority on fungi and plant pathology. Christ's College made him an honorary fellow in 1883. He was well known as a systematist in mycology with some 6000 species of fungi being credited to him, but his ''Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany'', published in 1857, and his papers on Vegetable Pathology in the ''Gardener's Chronicle'' in 1854 and onwards, show that he had a broad grasp of the whole domain of physiology and morphology as understood ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. For example, if we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamella (mycology)
In mycology, a lamella (: lamellae), or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often agarics. The gills are used by the mushrooms as a means of spore dispersal, and are important for species identification. The attachment of the gills to the stem is classified based on the shape of the gills when viewed from the side, while color, crowding and the shape of individual gills can also be important features. Additionally, gills can have distinctive microscopic or macroscopic features. For instance, ''Lactarius'' species typically seep latex from their gills. It was originally believed that all gilled fungi were Agaricales, but as fungi were studied in more detail, some gilled species were demonstrated not to be. It is now clear that this is a case of convergent evolution (i.e. gill-like structures evolved separately) rather than being an anatomic feature that evolved only once. The apparent reason that various basidiomycetes have evolv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyphae
A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one or more cells surrounded by a tubular cell wall. In most fungi, hyphae are divided into cells by internal cross-walls called "septa" (singular septum). Septa are usually perforated by pores large enough for ribosomes, mitochondria, and sometimes nuclei to flow between cells. The major structural polymer in fungal cell walls is typically chitin, in contrast to plants and oomycetes that have cellulosic cell walls. Some fungi have aseptate hyphae, meaning their hyphae are not partitioned by septa. Hyphae have an average diameter of 4–6 μm. Growth Hyphae grow at their tips. During tip growth, cell walls are extended by the external assembly and polymerization of cell wall components, and the internal production of new cell membran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pileus (mycology)
In mycology (the branch of biology that includes the study of mushrooms and other fungi), the pileus is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp ( fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.Moore-Landecker, E: "Fundamentals of the Fungi", page 560. Prentice Hall, 1972. The hymenium ( hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes. The word ''pileus'' comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap. Classification Pilei can be formed in various shapes, and the shapes can change over the course of the developmental cycle of a fungus. The most familiar pileus shape is hemispherical or ''convex.'' Convex pilei often continue to expand as they mature until they become flat. Many well-known species have a convex pileus, including the button mushroom, various ''Amanita'' species and boletes. Some, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
