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Wakan Tanka
In Lakota spirituality, ''Wakan Tanka'' ( Standard Lakota Orthography: ''Wakȟáŋ Tȟáŋka'') is the term for the sacred or the divine. This is usually translated as the "Great Spirit" and occasionally as "Great Mystery". ''Wakȟáŋ Tȟáŋka'' can be interpreted as the power or the sacredness that resides in everything, resembling some animistic and pantheistic beliefs. This term describes every creature and object as ''wakȟáŋ'' ("holy") or having aspects that are ''wakȟáŋ''. The element ''Tanka'' or ''Tȟáŋka'' corresponds to "Great" or "large". Before contact with European Christian missionaries, the Lakota used ''Wakȟáŋ Tȟáŋka'' to refer to an organization or group of sacred entities whose ways were mysterious: thus, "The Great Mystery".Helen Wheeler Bassett, Frederick Starr. The International Folk-lore Congress of the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, July, 1893. Charles H. Sergel Company, 1898p221226 Activist Russell Means also promoted the translat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakota Religion
Lakota religion or Lakota spirituality is the traditional Native American religion of the Lakota people. It is practiced primarily in the North American Great Plains, within Lakota communities on Indian reservation, reservations in North Dakota and South Dakota. The tradition has no formal leadership or organizational structure and displays much internal variation. Central to Lakota religion is the concept of ''wakʽą'', an energy or power permeating the universe. The unified totality of ''wakʽą'' is termed ''Wakan Tanka, Wakʽą Tʽąką'' and is regarded as the source of all things. Lakota religionists believe that, due to their shared possession of ''wakʽą'', humans exist in a state of kinship with all life forms, a relationship that informs adherents' behavior. The Lakota worldview includes various supernatural ''wakʽą'' beings, the ''wakʽąpi'', who may be benevolent or malevolent towards humanity. Prayers are given to the ''wakʽąpi'' to secure their assistance, oft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siouan Languages
Siouan ( ), also known as Siouan–Catawban ( ), is a language family of North America located primarily in the Great Plains, Ohio and Mississippi valleys and southeastern North America with a few other languages in the east. Name Authors who call the entire family ''Siouan'' distinguish the two branches as Western Siouan and Eastern Siouan or as "Siouan-proper" and "Catawban". Others restrict the name "Siouan" to the western branch and use the name ''Siouan–Catawban'' for the entire family. Generally, however, the name "Siouan" is used without distinction. Family division The Siouan family consists of some 20 languages and various dialects: * Siouan ** Western Siouan *** Mandan **** Nuptare **** Nuetare *** Missouri River Siouan (a.k.a. Crow–Hidatsa) **** Crow (a.k.a. Absaroka, Apsaroka, Apsaalooke, Upsaroka) – 3,500 speakers **** Hidatsa (a.k.a. Minitari, Minnetaree) – 200 speakers *** Mississippi Valley Siouan (a.k.a. Central Siouan) **** Mitchigamea? **** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native American Religion
Native American religions, Native American faith or American Indian religions are the indigenous spiritual practices of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas. Ceremonial ways can vary widely and are based on the differing histories and beliefs of individual nations, tribes and bands. Early European explorers describe individual Native American tribes and even small bands as each having their own religious practices. Theology may be monotheistic, polytheistic, henotheistic, animistic, shamanistic, pantheistic or any combination thereof, among others. Traditional beliefs are usually passed down in the oral tradition forms of myths, oral histories, stories, allegories, and principles. Nowadays, as scholars note, many American Natives are having a renewed interest in their own traditions. Overview Native American religions were prevalent in the pre-Columbian era, including state religions. Common concept is the supernatural world of deities, spirits and wonders, such as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakota Words And Phrases
Lakota may refer to: *Lakota people, a confederation of seven related Native American tribes *Lakota language, the language of the Lakota peoples Place names In the United States: *Lakota, Iowa *Lakota, North Dakota, seat of Nelson County *Lakota Local School District (other), two districts in Ohio In other countries: *Lakota, Ivory Coast, a town in Ivory Coast *Lakota Department, a department in Ivory Coast Other uses *Lakota (club), a Bristol nightclub *Lakota (surname) *Lavolta Lakota, a post-punk band *"Lakota", a song by Joni Mitchell from her 1988 album Chalk Mark in a Rain Storm *UH-72 Lakota, an American military helicopter See also * *Lakota Local School District (other) *Republic of Lakotah, a proposed independent republic within the northern Great Plains of the US {{disambig, geo Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakota Culture
Lakota may refer to: *Lakota people, a confederation of seven related Native American tribes *Lakota language, the language of the Lakota peoples Place names In the United States: * Lakota, Iowa *Lakota, North Dakota, seat of Nelson County * Lakota Local School District (other), two districts in Ohio In other countries: * Lakota, Ivory Coast, a town in Ivory Coast *Lakota Department The Lakota Department is a Departments of Ivory Coast, department of the Lôh-Djiboua Region in Gôh-Djiboua District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 334,235 and its seat is the settlement of Lakota, Ivory Coast, Lakota. The sub-prefectur ..., a department in Ivory Coast Other uses * Lakota (club), a Bristol nightclub * Lakota (surname) * Lavolta Lakota, a post-punk band *"Lakota", a song by Joni Mitchell from her 1988 album Chalk Mark in a Rain Storm * UH-72 Lakota, an American military helicopter See also * * Lakota Local School District (other) * Republic of Lakotah, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gods Of The Indigenous Peoples Of North America
A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over some aspect of the universe and/or life. The ''Oxford Dictionary of English'' defines ''deity'' as a god or goddess, or anything revered as divine. C. Scott Littleton defines a deity as "a being with powers greater than those of ordinary humans, but who interacts with humans, positively or negatively, in ways that carry humans to new levels of consciousness, beyond the grounded preoccupations of ordinary life". Religions can be categorized by how many deities they worship. Monotheistic religions accept only one deity (predominantly referred to as "God"), whereas polytheistic religions accept multiple deities. Henotheistic religions accept one supreme deity without denying other deities, considering them as aspects of the same divine principle. Nontheistic religions deny any supreme eternal creator deity, but may accept a pantheon of deities which live, die and m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sioux Language
Sioux is a Siouan language spoken by over 30,000 Sioux in the United States and Canada, making it the fifth most spoken Indigenous languages of the Americas, Indigenous language in the United States or Canada, behind Navajo language, Navajo, Cree language, Cree, Inuit languages, and Anishinaabe language, Ojibwe.Statistics Canada: 2006 Census Since 2019, "the language of the Great Sioux Nation, three dialects, Dakota, Lakota, and Nakota" is the official Indigenous language of South Dakota.South Dakota Legislature (2019) [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manitou
Manitou () is the fundamental life force in the theologies of Algonquian peoples. It is said to be omnipresent and manifests everywhere: organisms, the environment, events, etc. ''Aashaa monetoo'' means "good spirit", while ''otshee monetoo'' means "bad spirit". When Turtle Island was created, the Great Spirit, ''Aasha Monetoo'', gave the land to the indigenous peoples. Overview Manitou was widely used during early European contact. In 1585, when Thomas Harriot recorded the first glossary of an Algonquian language, Roanoke (Pamlico), he included the word ''mantóac'', meaning "gods and goddesses". Similar terms are found in nearly all Algonquian languages. In some Algonquian traditions, '' Gitche Manitou'' refers to a supreme being. The term has analogues dating to before European contact, and the word uses of ''gitche'' and ''manitou'' existed before contact. After contact, however, Gitche Manitou was adopted by some Anishinaabe, such as the Ojibwe, to refer to the su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quapaw Language
Quapaw, or Arkansas, is a Siouan language of the Quapaw people, originally from a region in present-day Arkansas. It is now spoken in Oklahoma. It is similar to the other Dhegihan languages: Kansa, Omaha, Osage and Ponca. Written documentation The Quapaw language is well-documented in field notes and publications from many individuals including by George Izard in 1827, by Lewis F. Hadly in 1882, from 19th-century linguist James Owen Dorsey, in 1940 by Frank Thomas Siebert, and, in the 1970s by linguist Robert Rankin. The Quapaw language does not conform well to English language phonetics, and a writing system for the language has not been formally adopted. All of the existing source material on the language utilizes different writing systems, making reading and understanding the language difficult for the novice learner. To address this issue, an online dictionary of the Quapaw language is being compiled which incorporates all of the existing source material known to exi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osage Language
Osage (; Osage: ''Wažáže ie'') is a Siouan language spoken by the people of the Osage Nation in northern Oklahoma. Their original territory was in the present-day Ohio River Valley, which they shared with other Siouan language nations. Slowly they migrated to present-day Missouri and Kansas areas (see Dhegihan migration), but they were gradually pushed west by pressure from invading colonial forces and settlement by other displaced Native American nations. Osage has an inventory of sounds very similar to that of Dakota language, Dakota, also a Siouan language, plus vowel length, preaspirated obstruents and an interdental fricative (like "th" in English "then"). In contrast to Dakota, phoneme, phonemically Aspiration (phonetics), aspirated obstruents appear allophone, phonetically as affricates, and the high back vowel *u has been fronted to . Osage is written primarily with two systems: one using the Latin script with diacritics, and another derived Osage script created in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kansa Language
Kansa, sometimes known as Kaw or Kanza, is a Siouan language of the Dhegihan group once spoken by the Kaw people of Oklahoma. Vice President Charles Curtis spoke Kansa as a child. The last mother-tongue speaker, Walter Kekahbah, died in 1983. Classification Kansa is a Dhegiha Siouan language, a broader category containing other languages such as Quapaw, Omaha, Ponca and Osage. This group of languages falls under Mississippi Valley Siouan, which is grouped under the largest category of the Siouan language family. History The speakers of Kansa, known as the Kaw people, lived together with the Siouan-speakers in a united nation known as the Dhegiha Siouan group. This group was originally situated north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River and then moved west down the Ohio River. Following their westward migration, the Dhegiha Siouan group branched into five indigenous ''tribes'' (Sioux subgroups) known mainly as Ponca, Osage, Omaha, Quapaw or Kaw people. Later on, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiwere Language
Chiwere (also called Iowa–Otoe–Missouria or ) is a Siouan languages, Siouan language originally spoken by the Missouria, Otoe, and Iowa people, Iowa peoples, who originated in the Great Lakes region but later moved throughout the Midwest and plains. The language is closely related to Winnebago language, Ho-Chunk, also known as Winnebago. Non-Native Christian Missionary, missionaries first documented Chiwere in the 1830s, but since then not much material has been published about the language. Chiwere suffered a steady decline after extended European American contact in the 1850s, and by 1940 the language had almost totally ceased to be spoken. "Tciwere itce" (in the Otoe dialect) and "Tcekiwere itce" (in the Iowa dialect) translate to "To speak the home dialect." The name "Chiwere" is said to originate from a person meeting a stranger in the dark. If a stranger in the dark challenged a person to identify their self, that person might respond "I am Tci-we-re" (Otoe) or "I am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
