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Ustvymlag
Ustvymlag () was a Gulag labor camp in the Soviet Union, Komi ASSR, with the headquarters in the village of Ust-Vym, later moved to Vozhayol. The full name is Ust-Vym Corrective Labor Camp (). It was created from a detachment of Ukhtpechlag (Ухтпечлаг) on August 16, 1937. After the dismantling of the Gulag system it remained a corrective labor camp of the Soviet penal system at least until 1958.Система исправительно-трудовых лагерей в СССР, 1923–1960: справочник, compiled by М. Б. Смирнов; editors: Н. Г. Охотин, Arseny Roginsky, Мoscow, 1998. The main industry of the camp was logging and related production. The maximal occupation of 24,245, registered in 1943. In 1942, a labor detachment of Volga Germans "mobilized for labor" was housed in the camp. Since 1945, it also detained prisoners of war. Notable inmates *Lev Razgon, Soviet journalist and activist *Boris Gusman, Soviet author, screenplay writer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukhtpechlag
The Ukhta–Pechora correctional labor camp (), better known as Ukhtpechlag () or UPITLag (), was a Gulag labor camp in Komi ASSR. It existed during June 6, 1931 – May 10, 1938. Its headquarters were in Chibyu, now Ukhta. Its main work was oil and coal mining in Ukhta-Pechora Basin, as well as construction works and logging. In 1938, its subcamps were reorganized into Vorkutlag, , Sevzheldorlag, Ustvymlag (Устьвымлаг) because of the sharp increase of convicts during the Great Terror. Notable inmates *Graal Arelsky (1889–1937), Russian poet of Ego-Futurism, sentenced by Article 58-10 for anti-Soviet propaganda and agitation * (1894–1941), economist, professor *George Andreytchine (1894–1950) Bulgarian, American, and Soviet political activist *Graal Arelsky (1889–1937), poet-futurist *Konstantin Avksentevsky (1890–1941), Soviet army commander * (1896–1941) Komi writer and social activist, one of the founders of Komi (Zyryan) Autonomous Oblast. He suggest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vozhayol
Vozhayol or Vozhael () is a rural settlement in Knyazhpogostsky District of Komi Republic, Russia. Formerly an urban settlement (1942/1944–1991), now it is an administrative unit of the municipality. The Ustvymlag, a forestry gulag The Gulag was a system of Labor camp, forced labor camps in the Soviet Union. The word ''Gulag'' originally referred only to the division of the Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies, Soviet secret police that was in charge of runnin ... that held a maximum of 24,000 prisoners and operated from 1937 until the 1960s, was relocated into Vozhayol. References Rural localities in the Komi Republic Former urban-type settlements of Komi {{KomiRepublic-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dāvids Beika
Dāvids Beika (Russian: Давид Самуилович Бейка; 30 August 1885 – 6 February 1946) was a Latvian Marxist revolutionary and political activist, publicist and Soviet intelligence officer. Biography Beika was born in to a peasant family and worked as a teacher. He joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1903 and the Latvian Social Democratic Party in 1905. He was an active participant in the Russian Revolution of 1905 and after the defeat of the revolution he emigrated to the United States where he became a leading figure of the Latvian Social Democratic Organization in America. Beika returned to Russia after the February Revolution and to Latvia after the October Revolution and became a leader of the Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic where he was appointed Commissar of Industry. After the fall of the Soviet republic he went back to what was now Soviet Russia and became the head of the economic council of Pskov. He was a member of the Central Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boris Gusman
Boris Yevseyevich Gusman (16 December 1892 – 3 May 1944) was a Soviet author, screenplay writer, theater director, and columnist for ''Pravda''. As deputy director for the Bolshoi Theatre and later director of the Soviet Radio Committee Arts Division, Gusman played an important role in promoting Sergei Prokofiev's music in the USSR and internationally. Gusman was arrested during the Great Purges of the late 1930s, and died in a labor camp in 1944. His son Israel Borisovich Gusman would later become a prominent musical conductor. Life ''Pravda'' and art criticism As a young man Gusman was a violinist and played for the St. Petersburg Symphony Orchestra of the Sheremetev family. Prior to the Russian Revolution and during the First World War, Gusman associated with intellectuals and critics around the ''Enchanted Wanderer'' magazine, including Dimitri Kruchkov and Victor Khovin, both members of the Ego-Futurist movement. In 1917 he moved to Nizhny Novgorod to marry the daughter o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lev Razgon
Lev Emmanuilovich Razgon (; 1 April 1908 – 8 September 1999) was a Soviet Russian journalist, writer, a prisoner of the Gulag from 1938 to 1942 and again from 1950 to 1955 and, latterly, a human rights activist. Razgon was born in Belorussia to the family of Mendel Abramovich Razgon and Glika Izrailevna Shapiro. In the 1920s they moved to Moscow and in 1932, he graduated from the history faculty of the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute. His career before his arrest in 1938 was in great measure due to his marrying into the new Soviet elite and, in particular, two men: his wife Oksana's father Gleb Boky, a high-ranking NKVD officer, and her step-father Ivan Moskvin, a leading figure in the Central Committee. Later in life, Razgon fell into the category of Gulag detainees who rejoined the Communist Party after their release. He did not resign from the Party until 1988. Life before arrest After moving to Moscow Razgon met and married Oksana, the daughter of Gleb Boky and step- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulag
The Gulag was a system of Labor camp, forced labor camps in the Soviet Union. The word ''Gulag'' originally referred only to the division of the Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies, Soviet secret police that was in charge of running the forced labor camps from the 1930s to the early 1950s during Joseph Stalin's rule, but in English literature the term is popularly used for the system of forced labor throughout the Soviet era. The abbreviation GULAG (ГУЛАГ) stands for "Гла́вное управле́ние исправи́тельно-трудовы́х лагере́й" (Main Directorate of Correctional Labour Camps), but the full official name of the agency #Etymology, changed several times. The Gulag is recognized as a major instrument of political repression in the Soviet Union. The camps housed both ordinary criminals and political prisoners, a large number of whom were convicted by simplified procedures, such as NKVD troikas or other instruments of extra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volga Germans
The Volga Germans (, ; ) are ethnic Germans who settled and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and close to Ukraine nearer to the south. Recruited as immigrants to Russia in the 18th century, they were allowed to maintain their German culture, language, traditions and churches (Lutheran, Reformed, Catholics, Moravians and Mennonites). In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many Volga Germans immigrated to the United States, Canada, Brazil, and Argentina. After the October Revolution, the Volga German ASSR was established as an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR. During World War II, the republic was abolished by the Soviet government and the Volga Germans were forcibly expelled to a number of areas in the hinterlands of the Soviet Union. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, many Volga Germans immigrated to Germany. History Invitation to settle in Russia In 1762, Catherine II, bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thief In Law
Theft (, cognate to ) is the act of taking another person's property or Service (economics), services without that person's permission or consent with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it. The word ''theft'' is also used as a synonym or informal shorthand term for some crimes against property, such as larceny, robbery, embezzlement, extortion, blackmail, or Possession of stolen goods, receiving stolen property. In some jurisdictions, ''theft'' is considered to be synonymous with ''larceny'', while in others, ''theft'' is defined more narrowly. A person who engages in theft is known as a thief ( thieves). ''Theft'' is the name of a statutory offence in California, Canada, England and Wales, Hong Kong, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, and the Australian states of South Australia Theft (and receiving). and Victoria (state), Victoria. Theft. Elements The ''actus reus'' of theft is usually defined as an unauthorised taking, keeping, or using of another's prop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Criminal Boss
A crime boss, also known as a crime lord, mafia don, mob boss, kingpin, or godfather is the leader of a criminal organization. Description A crime boss has absolute or nearly absolute control over the other members of the organization and is often greatly feared or respected for being willing to use criminal means to exert their influence and gain profits from the criminal endeavors in which the organization engages.Manning, George A. '' Financial Investigation and Forensic Accounting.'' Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, 2005. Some groups may only have as little as two ranks (a crime boss and their soldiers). Other groups have a more complex, structured organization with many ranks, and structure may vary with cultural background. Organized crime enterprises originating in Sicily differ in structure from those in mainland Italy. American groups may be structured differently from their European counterparts and Latino and African American gangs often have structures that vary from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (, ), abbreviated as NKVD (; ), was the interior ministry and secret police of the Soviet Union from 1934 to 1946. The agency was formed to succeed the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU) secret police organization, and thus had a monopoly on intelligence and state security functions. The NKVD is known for carrying out political repression and the Great Purge under Joseph Stalin, as well as counterintelligence and other operations on the Eastern Front of World War II. The head of the NKVD was Genrikh Yagoda from 1934 to 1936, Nikolai Yezhov from 1936 to 1938, Lavrentiy Beria from 1938 to 1946, and Sergei Kruglov in 1946. First established in 1917 as the NKVD of the Russian SFSR, the ministry was tasked with regular police work and overseeing the country's prisons and labor camps. It was disbanded in 1930, and its functions dispersed among other agencies before being reinstated as a commissariat of the Soviet Union ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pravda
''Pravda'' ( rus, Правда, p=ˈpravdə, a=Ru-правда.ogg, 'Truth') is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a newspaper circulation, circulation of 11 million. The newspaper began publication on 5 May 1912 in the Russian Empire but was already extant abroad in January 1911. It emerged as the leading government newspaper of the Soviet Union after the October Revolution. The newspaper was an organ of the Central Committee of the CPSU between 1912 and 1991. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ''Pravda'' was sold by the then Russian president Boris Yeltsin to a Greek business family in 1992, and the paper came under the control of their private company Pravda International. In 1996, there was an internal dispute between the owners of Pravda International and some of the ''Pravda'' journalists that led to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logging
Logging is the process of cutting, processing, and moving trees to a location for transport. It may include skidder, skidding, on-site processing, and loading of trees or trunk (botany), logs onto logging truck, trucksSociety of American Foresters, 1998. Dictionary of Forestry. or flatcar#Skeleton car, skeleton cars. In forestry, the term logging is sometimes used narrowly to describe the logistics of moving wood from the stump to somewhere outside the forest, usually a sawmill or a lumber yard. In common usage, however, the term may cover a range of forestry or silviculture activities. Logging is the beginning of a supply chain that provides raw material for many products societies worldwide use for housing, construction, energy, and consumer paper products. Logging systems are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
