Gulag
The Gulag was a system of Labor camp, forced labor camps in the Soviet Union. The word ''Gulag'' originally referred only to the division of the Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies, Soviet secret police that was in charge of runnin ...
labor camp
A labor camp (or labour camp, see British and American spelling differences, spelling differences) or work camp is a detention facility where inmates are unfree labour, forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment. Labor camps have ...
in the
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
,
Komi ASSR
The Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (; ), abbreviated as Komi ASSR (Komi and ), was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union, established in 1936 as successor of Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast.
In 1991, it b ...
, with the headquarters in the village of
Ust-Vym
Ust-Vym (; , ''Jemdïn'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Ust-Vymsky District of the Komi Republic, Russia, located by the mouth of the Vym River, from which it takes its name: "Ust-" is a common prefix it Russian toponymy for places by the ...
, later moved to Vozhayol. The full name is Ust-Vym Corrective Labor Camp (). It was created from a detachment of
Ukhtpechlag
The Ukhta–Pechora correctional labor camp (), better known as Ukhtpechlag () or UPITLag (), was a Gulag labor camp in Komi ASSR. It existed during June 6, 1931 – May 10, 1938. Its headquarters were in Chibyu, now Ukhta. Its main work was oil ...
(Ухтпечлаг) on August 16, 1937. After the dismantling of the Gulag system it remained a
corrective labor camp
Correctional labour camps (), were penal labour camps in the Soviet Union.
Background
In the Russian Empire, by 1917, most prisons were subordinate to the Main Prison Administration of the Ministry of Justice, which worked in conjunction with th ...
of the Soviet
penal system
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol, penitentiary, detention center, correction center, correctional facility, or remand center, is a facility where people are imprisoned under the authority of the state, usually as punishment for various cri ...
at least until 1958.УСТЬВЫМСКИЙ ИТЛ /ref>Система исправительно-трудовых лагерей в СССР, 1923–1960: справочник, compiled by М. Б. Смирнов; editors: Н. Г. Охотин,
Arseny Roginsky
Arseny Borisovich Roginsky (; 30 March 1946 – 18 December 2017)Luxmoore, Matthew (23 December 2017).. ''The New York Times''. nytimes.com. Retrieved 25 December 2017. was a Soviet dissident and Russian historian. He was one of t ...
, Мoscow, 1998.
The main industry of the camp was
logging
Logging is the process of cutting, processing, and moving trees to a location for transport. It may include skidder, skidding, on-site processing, and loading of trees or trunk (botany), logs onto logging truck, truckslabor detachment of
Volga Germans
The Volga Germans (, ; ) are ethnic Germans who settled and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and close to Ukraine nearer to the south.
Recruited as immigrants to Russia in the ...
"mobilized for labor" was housed in the camp. Since 1945, it also detained prisoners of war.
Notable inmates
*
Lev Razgon
Lev Emmanuilovich Razgon (; 1 April 1908 – 8 September 1999) was a Soviet Russian journalist, writer, a prisoner of the Gulag from 1938 to 1942 and again from 1950 to 1955 and, latterly, a human rights activist.
Razgon was born in Belorussia t ...
, Soviet journalist and activist
*
Boris Gusman
Boris Yevseyevich Gusman (16 December 1892 – 3 May 1944) was a Soviet author, screenplay writer, theater director, and columnist for ''Pravda''. As deputy director for the Bolshoi Theatre and later director of the Soviet Radio Committee Arts Div ...
, Soviet author, screenplay writer, theater director, and columnist for ''
Pravda
''Pravda'' ( rus, Правда, p=ˈpravdə, a=Ru-правда.ogg, 'Truth') is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most in ...
''
*
*, Soviet military commander and military scientist
*, Soviet functionary
*
*, Soviet diplomat
*
Dāvids Beika
Dāvids Beika (Russian: Давид Самуилович Бейка; 30 August 1885 – 6 February 1946) was a Latvian Marxist revolutionary and political activist, publicist and Soviet intelligence officer.
Biography
Beika was born in to a peas ...
, Soviet Latvian activist and intelligence officer
*, Soviet
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (, ), abbreviated as NKVD (; ), was the interior ministry and secret police of the Soviet Union from 1934 to 1946. The agency was formed to succeed the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU) se ...
thief in law
Theft (, cognate to ) is the act of taking another person's property or Service (economics), services without that person's permission or consent with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it. The word ''theft'' is also used as a synon ...