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Ustaše Surveillance Service
The Ustaše Surveillance Service () was an intelligence, counter-intelligence and political police service that operated during the existence of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), at the time of World War II in Yugoslavia. The UNS was created by the merger of the Ustaša Intelligence Service and the Service for Concentration Camps through a law that was adopted on 16 August 1941. The UNS was dissolved by a legal provision on 21 January 1943.Skupina autora – ''Ustaška vojnica 1'', Despot infinitus d.o.o., Zagreb, 2013., str. 256 From the beginning, the UNS received technical assistance and information from the German Gestapo, and its representative in Zagreb, Hans Helm, made an effort to immediately branch out a network of his own spies within the UNS, in order to completely control the work of the UNS. The UNS received significant support from the Italian secret service OVRA, and its representative in Zagreb, Ciro Verdani, again stepped in to supervise the activities of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent State Of Croatia
The Independent State of Croatia (, NDH) was a World War II–era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist Italy. It was established in parts of Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, occupied Yugoslavia on 10 April 1941, after invasion of Yugoslavia, the invasion by the Axis powers. Its territory consisted mostly of modern-day Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as some parts of modern-day Serbia and Slovenia, but also excluded many Croats, Croat-populated areas in Dalmatia (until late 1943), Istria, and Međimurje (region), Međimurje regions (which today are part of Croatia). During its entire existence, the NDH was governed as a one-party state by the Fascism, fascist Ustaše organization. The Ustaše was led by the ''Poglavnik'' Ante Pavelić."''Poglavnik''" was coined by the Ustaše and originally a title for the movement's leader. In 1941 it was institutionalized in the NDH as the title of first the Prime Minister (1941–1943), and then the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vjekoslav Luburić
Vjekoslav Luburić (6 March 1914 – 20 April 1969) was a Independent State of Croatia, Croatian Ustaše official who headed the system of concentration camps in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) during much of World War II. Luburić also personally oversaw and spearheaded the contemporaneous genocides of Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia, Serbs, The Holocaust in the Independent State of Croatia, Jews and Romani genocide, Roma in the NDH. Luburić joined Ante Pavelić's Ustaše movement in 1931, left Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia the following year and relocated to Hungary. Following the Axis powers, Axis invasion of Yugoslavia and the establishment of the NDH with Pavelić at its head, Luburić returned to the Balkans. In late June 1941, Luburić was dispatched to the Lika region, where he oversaw a series of massacres of Serbs, which served as the ''casus belli'' for the Srb uprising. Around this time, he was appointed head of Bureau III, a depa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ljubo Miloš
Ljubomir "Ljubo" Miloš (25 February 1919 – 20 August 1948) was a Croatian public official who was a member of the Ustaše of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) during World War II. He served as commandant of the Jasenovac concentration camp on several occasions and was responsible for various atrocities committed there during the war. He was responsible for the deaths of thousands. He fled Yugoslavia in May 1945 and sought refuge in Austria. In 1947, he returned to Yugoslavia with the intention of starting an anti-communist uprising. He was soon arrested by Yugoslav authorities and charged with war crimes. Miloš was found guilty on all counts and hanged in August 1948. Ljubo Miloš has been described as an "extremely sanguine fanatic and sadist. While Matkovic Ivica was a refined killer, Milos Ljubo was a brutal butcher." He is noted as being "one of the worst Ustase murderers". Early life Miloš was born in Bosanski Šamac on 25 February 1919. Miloš attended pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mijo Babić
Mijo Babić (1 September 1903 – 3 July 1941), nicknamed Giovanni, was a deputy of the Croatian fascist dictator Ante Pavelić, and the first commander of all concentration camps in the Independent State of Croatia. He was head of the Third Bureau of the Ustasha Surveillance Service (), and was also a member of the main Ustaše headquarters, one of the two main deputies of Pavelić. Murder of Toni Šlegel On 22 March 1929, Babić, Zvonimir Pospišil, Marko Hranilović, Matija Soldin murdered Toni Šlegel, the chief editor of ''Novosti'' and president of ''Jugoslovenska štampa'', in Zagreb. At that time, Babić was a chauffeur for the Siemens plant in Zagreb and, according to official reports, he murdered one and wounded another of the policemen who came to arrest him, and managed to escape. The order to kill Šlegel came from Pavelić, who suspected that he was an informant. Publicly, he maintained that the murder had been committed by assassins from Belgrade. Hranilović and So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jasenovac Concentration Camp
Jasenovac () was a concentration camp, concentration and extermination camp established in the Jasenovac, Sisak-Moslavina County, village of the same name by the authorities of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II. The concentration camp, one of the ten largest in Europe, was established and operated by the governing Ustaše regime, Europe's only Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, Nazi collaborationist regime that operated its own extermination camps, for Serbs of Croatia, Serbs, Romani people in Croatia, Romani, Jews in Croatia, Jews, and political dissidents. It quickly grew into the third largest concentration camp in Europe. The camp was established in August 1941, in marshland at the confluence of the Sava and Una (Sava), Una rivers near the village of Jasenovac, and was dismantled in April 1945. It was "notorious for its barbaric practices and the large number of victims". Unlike Nazi Germany, German Nazi concent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stara Gradiška Concentration Camp
Stara Gradiška was a concentration and extermination camp in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) during World War II. The camp was specially constructed for women and children of Serb, Jewish and Romani ethnicity. Victims also included communist and anti-fascist Croats and Bosniaks. It was established by the Ustaše regime in 1941 at the Stara Gradiška prison near the eponymous village as the fifth subcamp of the Jasenovac concentration camp. According to the list of victims by name of KCL Jasenovac, the Jasenovac memorial site, which includes research , the names and data for 12,790 victims of the camp have been established. Systematic killing of inmates The camp was guarded by the Croatian Ustaše, including some female troops. Inmates were killed using different means, including firearms, mallets and knives. At the "K" or "Kula" unit, Serbian and Jewish women, with weak or little children, were starved and/or tortured at the "Gagro Hotel", a cellar which Ustaša Niko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy (, ) was a unitary state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia was proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed King of Italy, until 10 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished, following civil discontent that led to an 1946 Italian institutional referendum, institutional referendum on 2 June 1946. This resulted in a modern Italian Republic. The kingdom was established through the unification of several states over a decades-long process, called the . That process was influenced by the House of Savoy, Savoy-led Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia, which was one of Italy's legal Succession of states, predecessor states. In 1866, Italy Third Italian War of Independence, declared war on Austrian Empire, Austria in Italo-Prussian Alliance, alliance with Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia and, upon its victory, received the region of Veneto. Italian troops Capture of Rome, entered Rome in 1870, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vlado Singer
Vlado Singer (21 October 1908 – October 1943) was a Kingdom of Yugoslavia politician and a prominent member of the Croatian Ustaše movement. Biography Singer was born in Virovitica on 21 October 1908 to a Croatian Jewish family.Davor Kovačić: Hrvatski institut za povijest: ''Vlado Singer, Stjepan Rubinić – od visokih policijskih dužnosnika Nezavisne Države Hrvatske do zatočenika koncentracijskih logora'', stranica 1. Later in life he converted to the Catholic faith. He believed that for Jews in Croatia the only right way is total assimilation or identification with the Croatian national identity. Singer's political activities began during his studies in Zagreb at the end of the 1920s and in early 1930s. He publicly led the University of Zagreb academics organized in the society called "Kvaternik". Singer with his colleagues, Branimir Jelić, Mladen Lorković and Dido Kvaternik, believed that the former political formations were dead and that a new movement which wil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concentration Camps In The Independent State Of Croatia
During World War II, numerous concentration camps existed in the Independent State of Croatia. Most of them were operated by the Croatian Ustaša authorities, but some of them were operated by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Ustaša-operated camps Chetnik-operated camps * Kosovo poljePopovic; "Nasa Rec, monthly political and literary review (Middlesex, England), No. 402/XLII (Feb 1989), pp 248-249 German-operated camps * Sajmište concentration camp * Sisak * Vinkovci * Jankomir Italian-operated camps * Kraljevica * Brač * Hvar * Gruž * Kupari * Lopud In annexed territories * Molat concentration camp * Rab concentration camp See also * List of massacres in the Independent State of Croatia * Persecution of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia * The Holocaust in the Independent State of Croatia ''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II In Yugoslavia
World War II in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the country was Invasion of Yugoslavia, invaded and swiftly conquered by Axis powers, Axis forces and partitioned among Nazi Germany, Germany, Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Italy, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria and their Client state, client regimes. Shortly after Operation Barbarossa, Germany attacked the USSR on 22 June 1941, the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, communist-led republican Yugoslav Partisans, on orders from Moscow, launched a guerrilla liberation war fighting against the Axis forces and their locally established Puppet state, puppet regimes, including the Axis-allied Independent State of Croatia (NDH) and the Government of National Salvation in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia, German-occupied territory of Serbia. This was dubbed the National Liberation War and Socialist Revolution in post-war Yugoslav communist historiography. Simulta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrija Artuković
Andrija Artuković (19 November 1899 – 16 January 1988) was a Croatian lawyer, politician, and senior member of the fascist Ustaše movement, who served as the Minister of Internal Affairs and Minister of Justice in the Government of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) during World War II in Yugoslavia. He signed into law several racial laws against Serbs, Jews, and Roma, and was responsible for a string of concentration camps in which over 100,000 civilians were tortured and murdered. He escaped to the United States after the war, where he lived until he was extradited to Yugoslavia in 1986. He was tried and found guilty of several mass killings in the NDH and was sentenced to death, but the sentence was not carried out due to his age and health. He died in custody in 1988. Early life and career Andrija Artuković was born on 19 November 1899, in Klobuk, near Ljubuški in Austro-Hungarian to Marijan and Ruža (née Rašić) Artuković. He was one of 14 siblings ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ante Pavelić
Ante Pavelić (; 14 July 1889 – 28 December 1959) was a Croatian politician who founded and headed the fascist ultranationalist organization known as the Ustaše in 1929 and was dictator of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), a fascist List of World War II puppet states, puppet state built out of parts of occupied Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia by the authorities of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, from 1941 to 1945. Pavelić and the Ustaše persecuted many racial minorities and political opponents in the NDH during the war, including Serbs of Croatia, Serbs, Jews in Croatia, Jews, Romani people in Croatia, Romani, and Yugoslav Partisans, anti-fascists, becoming one of the key figures of the Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia, genocide of Serbs, the Genocide of Romani people in the Independent State of Croatia, Porajmos and the The Holocaust in the Independent State of Croatia, Holocaust in the NDH. At the start of his career, Pavelić was a lawy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
