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Ugardanti
The (Gurmukhi: ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ''dasama gratha'') is a collection of various poetic compositions attributed to Guru Gobind Singh.Dasam Granth Encyclopædia Britannica, pages 2, 67 The text previously enjoyed an equal status with the Adi Granth, or Guru Granth Sahib, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and were installed side by side on the same platform. The ''Dasam Granth'' lost favor during the colonial period when reformist Singh Sabha Movement scholars couldn't contextualize the reworkings of Puranic stories or the vast collection of 'Tales of Deceit' Sri Charitropakhyan. The standard edition of the text contains 1,428 pages with 17,293 verses in 18 sections. These are set in the form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitnem
''Nitnem'' () is a collection of Sikh hymns ('' Gurbani'') to be read minimally 3 different times of the day. These are mandatory and to be read by every Amritdhari Sikh as expressed in the Sikh Rehat Maryada. Optionally additional prayers may be added to a Sikh's ''nitnem''. There are five hymns ''( Five Banis)'' to be done during '' Amrit Vela'' (early morning), the '' Rehras Sahib'' hymn for the evening and '' Kirtan Sohila'' for the night. The morning and evening prayers should be followed by an '' Ardaas''. Five ''Banis'' The initiated Sikh is asked by the Panj Piare during the Amrit Sanchar ceremony to recite the following five banis () as a commitment to the Sikh Gurus and Waheguru. The ''banis'' are also recited daily, starting in the early morning ( Amrit Vela). Through time, the "five banis" has come to mean different things to different groups of Sikhs. Morning prayers * Japji Sahib * Jaap Sahib * Tav-Prasad Savaiye * Chaupai Sahib * Anand Sahib As per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikhism
Sikhism is an Indian religion and Indian philosophy, philosophy that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent around the end of the 15th century CE. It is one of the most recently founded major religious groups, major religions and among the largest in the world with about 25–30million adherents, known as Sikhs. Sikhism developed from the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak (1469–1539), the faith's first guru, and the nine Sikh gurus who succeeded him. The tenth guru, Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708), named the Guru Granth Sahib, which is the central religious scripture in Sikhism, was their successor. This brought the line of human gurus to a close. Sikhs regard the Guru Granth Sahib as the 11th and eternally living guru. The core beliefs and practices of Sikhism, articulated in the Guru Granth Sahib and other Sikh scriptures, include faith and meditation in the name of the one creator (''Ik Onkar''), the divine unity and equality of all humankind, engaging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Alphabet
The Persian alphabet (), also known as the Perso-Arabic script, is the right-to-left alphabet used for the Persian language. It is a variation of the Arabic script with four additional letters: (the sounds 'g', 'zh', 'ch', and 'p', respectively), in addition to the obsolete that was used for the sound . This letter is no longer used in Persian, as the -sound changed to , e.g. archaic > 'language'. It was the basis of many Arabic-based scripts used in Central and South Asia. It is used for both Iranian and Dari: standard varieties of Persian; and is one of two official writing systems for the Persian language, alongside the Cyrillic-based Tajik alphabet. The script is mostly but not exclusively right-to-left; mathematical expressions, numeric dates and numbers bearing units are embedded from left to right. The script is cursive, meaning most letters in a word connect to each other; when they are typed, contemporary word processors automatically join adjacent letter f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apocrypha
Apocrypha () are biblical or related writings not forming part of the accepted canon of scripture, some of which might be of doubtful authorship or authenticity. In Christianity, the word ''apocryphal'' (ἀπόκρυφος) was first applied to writings that were to be read privately rather than in the public context of church services. Apocrypha were edifying Christian works that were not always initially included as Biblical canon, canonical scripture. The adjective "apocryphal", meaning of doubtful authenticity, mythical, fictional, is recorded from the late 16th century, then taking on the popular meaning of "false," "spurious," "bad," or "heretical." It may be used for any book which might have scriptural claims but which does not appear in the canon accepted by the author. A related term for non-canonical apocryphal texts whose authorship seems incorrect is pseudepigrapha, a term that means "false attribution". In Christianity, the name "biblical apocrypha, the Apocrypha" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khalsa
The term ''Khalsa'' refers to both a community that follows Sikhism as its religion,Khalsa: Sikhism Encyclopaedia Britannica as well as a special group of initiated Sikhs. The ''Khalsa'' tradition was initiated in 1699 by the Tenth Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh. Its formation was a key event in the history of Sikhism. The founding of Khalsa is celebrated by Sikhs during the festival of Vaisakhi., Quote: "Vaisakhi is the most important mela. It marks the Sikh New Year. At Vaisakhi, Sikhs remember how their community, the Khalsa, first began."#Cole, Cole, p. 63: "The Sikh new year, Vaisakhi, occurs at Sangrand in April, usually on the thirteenth day.", Quote: "(...) for the Sikhs, it [Baisakhi] celebrates the foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amrit Sanchar
Amrit Sanskar (, pronunciation: , lit. "nectar ceremony") is one of the four Sikh Sanskaars. The Amrit Sanskar is the initiation rite introduced by Guru Gobind Singh when he founded the Khalsa in 1699. A Sikh who has been initiated into the Khalsa ('pure'; the Sikh brotherhood) is considered to be ''Amritdhari'' (baptised) () or ''Khalsa'' ('pure'). Those who undergo initiation are expected to dedicate themselves to '' Waheguru'' (Almighty God) and work toward the establishment of the Khalsa Raj. Names The Amrit Sanskar ceremony has many alternative names, such as ''Amrit Parchar'', ''Amrit Sanchar'', ''Khande di Pahul'', ''Khande Batte di Pahul'' (), or ''khande-baate da amrit''. History Charan-Pahul The original Sikh initiation ceremony, ever since the guruship period of Guru Nanak, was known as ''Charan-Pahul'' (), ''Pagpahul'', or ''Charan Amrit'' (). It involved pouring water over the toes of the Sikh guru and the initiates drinking that water. If the guru was n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaupai (Sikhism)
Kaviyo Bach Benti Chaupai (also referred to as Chaupai Sahib or simply as Benti Chaupai) (Gurmukhi: ਕਬਿਯੋਬਾਚ ਬੇਨਤੀ ਚੌਪਈ or ਚੌਪਈ ਸਾਹਿਬ) is a hymn by Guru Gobind Singh. Chaupai is the 405th ''Charitar'' of the Charitropakhyan composition contained within the Dasam Granth. It forms part of a Sikh's Nitnem (daily scripture reading) and is read during Amrit Sanchar ceremonies. Synopsis Chaupai Sahib is an extension of the 405th charitar, where two massive battles, including the latter between "Mahakal" and various demons, is narrated, as well as the struggle of the goddess that was born as a result of the first battle, and her quest for the acceptance of the Supreme Being, by her abandoning all other worldly desires, is illustrated. Structure Benti Chaupai consists of three parts: Kabiyo Bach Benti Chaupai, Arril, Chaupai, Savaiye, and Dohra. Kabiyo Bach Benti Chaupai is normally referred to as Chaupai in short. The Savai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaap Sahib
Jaap Sahib (or Japu Sahib; , pronunciation: ) is the morning prayer of the Sikhs. The beaded prayers were composed by the Tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh and is found at the start of the Sikh scripture Dasam Granth. This Bani is an important Sikh prayer, and is recited by the ''Panj Pyare'' while preparing ''Amrit'' on the occasion of '' Amrit Sanchar'' (initiation), a ceremony held to Amrit initiates into the Khalsa and it is a part of a Sikh's '' Nitnem'' (daily meditation). The ''Jaap Sahib'' is reminiscent of ''Japji Sahib'' composed by Guru Nanak, and both praise God. Meaning of ''jaap'' Following are some accepted meanings of ''jaap'': * The popular meanings of Jaap is ''to recite'', to repeat, or ''to chant''.S Deol (1998), Japji: The Path of Devotional Meditation, , page 11 * ''Jaap'' also means ''to understand''. Gurbani cites ''Aisa Giaan Japo Man Mere, Hovo Chakar Sache Kere'', where Jap word means to understand wisdom. ''Jaap'' is a Sanskrit word meaning "to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puranas
Puranas (Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature (1995 Edition), Article on "Puranas", , page 915) are a vast genre of Indian literature that include a wide range of topics, especially legends and other traditional lore. The Puranas are known for the intricate layers of symbolism depicted within their stories. Composed originally in Sanskrit and in Languages of India, other Indian languages,John Cort (1993), "An Overview of the Jaina Puranas" in ''Purana Perennis: Reciprocity and Transformation in Hindu and Jaina Texts,'' (Editor: Wendy Doniger), State University of New York Press, , pages 185-204 several of these texts are named after major Hindu deities such as Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma, and Mahadevi, Devi. The Puranic genre of literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nirmala (sect)
Nirmala (Punjabi language, Punjabi: ਨਿਰਮਲੇ, ''lit.'' "those without blemish") also known as ''Nirmala Saṁpardā or Nirmal Paṅth'', is a Sikh sect of Asceticism, ascetics.Nirmala: Sikhism Encyclopaedia Britannica According to the traditional beliefs, the Sanatan Nirmala Sikh tradition was founded by Guru Gobind Singh in late 17th century when he sent five Sikhs to Varanasi to learn Sanskrit and Vedanta texts. Origin The origin of the Nirmalas is uncertain. According to Khushwant Singh and other historians, the sect is first mentioned in the Sikh literature during the Guru Gobind Singh era, in the last decade of the 17th century. According to ''Nirmal Panth Pardipka'', the Nirmala tradition has roots in the early history of Sikhism. In the ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
