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Tumba Ice Cap
Tumba Ice Cap ( bg, ледник Тумба, lednik Tumba, ) is the ice cap covering the western half of Chavdar Peninsula on the west side of Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. It is situated west of Samodiva Glacier, extending 7.7 km in east–west direction and 4 km in north–south direction, and draining both northwards into Curtiss Bay and southwards into Hughes Bay The geographic feature is named after the peak of Tumba in Belasitsa Mountain, Southwestern Bulgaria. Location Tumba Ice Cap is centred at . British mapping in 1978. Maps * British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 60. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, Tolworth, UK, 1978. Antarctic Digital Database (ADD).Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), 1993–2016. References Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer.Antarctic Place-names Commission The Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the B ...
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Chavdar Peninsula
Chavdar Peninsula ( bg, полуостров Чавдар, poluostrov Chavdar, ) is a 10-km wide peninsula projecting 13 km in northwest direction from Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula in Antarctica. It is bounded by Curtiss Bay to the northeast, Hughes Bay to the southwest and Gerlache Strait to the northwest. Its west extremity Cape Sterneck separates Danco Coast to the southwest and Davis Coast to the northeast. The interior of the peninsula is partly occupied by the westerly portion of Kaliva Range. The feature is named for the 16th-century Bulgarian rebel leader Chavdar Voyvoda.Chavdar Peninsula.


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Graham Land
Graham Land is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula that lies north of a line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz. This description of Graham Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the British Antarctic Place-names Committee and the US Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names, in which the name "Antarctic Peninsula" was approved for the major peninsula of Antarctica, and the names Graham Land and Palmer Land for the northern and southern portions, respectively. The line dividing them is roughly 69 degrees south. Graham Land is named after Sir James R. G. Graham, First Lord of the Admiralty at the time of John Biscoe's exploration of the west side of Graham Land in 1832. It is claimed by Argentina (as part of Argentine Antarctica), Britain (as part of the British Antarctic Territory) and Chile (as part of the Chilean Antarctic Territory). Graham Land is the closest part of Antarctica to South America. Thus it is the usual destination for small ships taking pay ...
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Antarctic Peninsula
The Antarctic Peninsula, known as O'Higgins Land in Chile and Tierra de San Martín in Argentina, and originally as Graham Land in the United Kingdom and the Palmer Peninsula in the United States, is the northernmost part of mainland Antarctica. The Antarctic Peninsula is part of the larger peninsula of West Antarctica, protruding from a line between Cape Adams (Weddell Sea) and a point on the mainland south of the Eklund Islands. Beneath the ice sheet that covers it, the Antarctic Peninsula consists of a string of bedrock islands; these are separated by deep channels whose bottoms lie at depths considerably below current sea level. They are joined by a grounded ice sheet. Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of South America, is about away across the Drake Passage. The Antarctic Peninsula is in area and 80% ice-covered. The marine ecosystem around the western continental shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has been subjected to rapid climate change. Over the past ...
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Samodiva Glacier
Chavdar Peninsula ( bg, полуостров Чавдар, poluostrov Chavdar, ) is a 10-km wide peninsula projecting 13 km in northwest direction from Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula in Antarctica. It is bounded by Curtiss Bay to the northeast, Hughes Bay to the southwest and Gerlache Strait to the northwest. Its west extremity Cape Sterneck separates Danco Coast to the southwest and Davis Coast to the northeast. The interior of the peninsula is partly occupied by the westerly portion of Kaliva Range. The feature is named for the 16th-century Bulgarian rebel leader Chavdar Voyvoda.Chavdar Peninsula.


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Curtiss Bay
Curtiss Bay () is a bay about wide, indenting the west coast of Graham Land just north of the Chavdar Peninsula, and entered between Cape Sterneck and Cape Andreas on the Davis Coast. Its head is fed by Samodiva Glacier, Pirin Glacier and Tumba Ice Cap. The name ''Bahia Inutil'' (useless bay) appearing on a 1957 Argentine chart is considered misleading; the bay has been used as an anchorage. The bay was renamed by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960 for Glenn Curtiss Glenn Hammond Curtiss (May 21, 1878 – July 23, 1930) was an American aviation and motorcycling pioneer, and a founder of the U.S. aircraft industry. He began his career as a bicycle racer and builder before moving on to motorcycles. As early ..., an American aeronautical engineer who pioneered seaplanes from 1911 onward. References Bays of Graham Land Davis Coast {{DavisCoast-geo-stub ...
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Hughes Bay
Hughes Bay is a bay lying between Cape Sterneck and Cape Murray along the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is wide and lies south of Chavdar Peninsula and north of Pefaur (Ventimiglia) Peninsula, indenting the Danco Coast on the west side of Graham Land for . History The name has appeared on maps for over 100 years, and commemorates Edward Hughes, master of the ''Sprightly'', a sealing vessel owned by the London whaling company Samuel Enderby & Sons, which explored in this area in 1824–25. Hughes Bay may have been site of the first landing on the Antarctic mainland, by sealers from the U.S. sealing vessel ''Cecilia'' under Captain John Davis on February 7, 1821.Hughes Bay.
SCAR Composite Antarctic Gaze ...
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Tumba Peak (Belasica)
Tumba ( Greek: Τούμπα, Bulgarian and Macedonian: Тумба) is a peak in the Belasica mountains in the region of Macedonia. The peak, in height, lies on Belasica's main ridge, west of Lozen Peak and east of Sechena Skala Peak. A dome-shaped mountain with steep southern and northern slopes, Tumba is covered with low subalpine vegetation and is made of metamorphic rock. Tumba is notable as the point where the national borders of Bulgaria, Greece and North Macedonia meet ( tripoint). It is one of the southwesternmost point of Bulgaria and one of the southeasternmost point of North Macedonia. In Bulgaria, favourable starting points of an ascent are the villages Klyuch, Skrat and Gabrene. In North Macedonia, these are Smolari and Sharena Cheshma. In Greece these are Platanakia, Kalochori and Kastanoussa Kastanoussa ( el, Καστανούσσα), known before 1926 as Palmes ( el, Πάλμες), (known as pulses up to 1926) is a village in Serres with a population ...
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Belasica
Belasica (Macedonian and Bulgarian: , also translit. ''Belasitsa'' or ''Belasitza'', Ottoman Turkish: بلش Turkish: ''Beleş''), Belles ( el, Μπέλλες, ''Bélles'') or Kerkini (, ''Kerkíni'';), is a mountain range in the region of Macedonia in Southeastern Europe, shared by northeastern Greece (about 45%), southeastern North Macedonia (35%) and southwestern Bulgaria (20%). Geography The mountain range is fault-block mountain about long and wide and is situated just northeast of Dojran Lake. The highest point is Radomir (Kalabaka) at 2,031 m, with elevation otherwise ranging between 300 and 1900 m above sea level. The borders of all three countries meet at Tumba Peak. The climate in the area shows strong Mediterranean influence. The area of Belasica became a euroregion in 2003. Two football teams are named after the mountain range, PFC Belasitsa from the nearby Bulgarian town of Petrich and FC Belasica from Strumica in North Macedonia. History Since ancien ...
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Antarctic Place-names Commission
The Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute in 1994, and since 2001 has been a body affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria. The Commission approves Bulgarian place names in Antarctica, which are formally given by the President of the Republic according to the Bulgarian Constitution (Art. 98) and the established international practice. Bulgarian names in Antarctica Geographical names in Antarctica reflect the history and practice of Antarctic exploration. The nations involved in Antarctic research give new names to nameless geographical features for the purposes of orientation, logistics, and international scientific cooperation. As of 2021, there are some 20,091 named Antarctic geographical features, including 1,601 features with names given by Bulgaria.Bulgarian Antarctic Gaze ...
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Ice Caps Of Antarctica
Ice is water frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 0 degrees Celsius or Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaque bluish-white color. In the Solar System, ice is abundant and occurs naturally from as close to the Sun as Mercury to as far away as the Oort cloud objects. Beyond the Solar System, it occurs as interstellar ice. It is abundant on Earth's surfaceparticularly in the polar regions and above the snow lineand, as a common form of precipitation and deposition, plays a key role in Earth's water cycle and climate. It falls as snowflakes and hail or occurs as frost, icicles or ice spikes and aggregates from snow as glaciers and ice sheets. Ice exhibits at least eighteen Phase (matter), phases (Sphere packing, packing geometries), depending on temperature and pressure. When water is cooled rapidly (quenching), up to three types of amorphous ...
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Bodies Of Ice Of Graham Land
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