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Treuhand
The (, " Trust agency"), colloquially referred to as , was an agency established by the government of the German Democratic Republic to reprivatise/ privatise East German enterprises, Volkseigene Betriebe (VEBs), prior to German reunification. Created by the Volkskammer on 17 June 1990, it oversaw the restructure and sale of about 8,500 state-owned companies with over four million employees. At that time, it was the world's largest industrial enterprise, controlling everything from steel works to the Babelsberg Studios. Responsibilities The Treuhand was responsible for more than just the 8,500 state-owned enterprises. It also took over around 2.4 million hectares of agricultural land and forests, the property of the former Stasi, large parts of the property of the former National People's Army, large-scale public housing property, and the property of the state pharmacy network. On the day of reunification, 3 October 1990, it took over the property of the political parties and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birgit Breuel
Birgit Breuel (''née'' Münchmeyer; born 7 September 1937 in Hamburg-Rissen) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as president of the Treuhand Agency and as Commissioner General of Expo 2000 in Hannover. She later worked in several honorary positions. Early life and education Birgit Münchmeyer came from a Lower Saxony family of traders and private bankers. She is the daughter of merchant bankers who owned the bank ''Münchmeyer & Co.''. On 8 August 1959 she married the Hamburg merchant Ernst-Jürgen Breuel (born 7 October 1931 in Hamburg). Breuel studied political science at the Universities of Hamburg, Oxford and Geneva. Political career Career in state politics In 1966, Breuel entered into the CDU. From 1978 to 1986 she was State Minister of Economy and Transport in Lower Saxony, then to 1990 was the State Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Minister-President Ernst Albrecht. She also served on the boards of various German corporat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Detlev Karsten Rohwedder
Detlev Karsten Rohwedder (16 October 1932 – 1 April 1991) was a German manager and politician, as member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party. He was named president of the Treuhandanstalt, the agency responsible for the reprivatization/privatization of all state-owned property in the former East Germany, German Democratic Republic (GDR), in September 1990, and served until his assassination by a Far Left terrorist organization, the Red Army Faction, in April 1991. He had also been CEO of the steel manufacturer Hoesch AG since 1980. Death On Monday, 1 April 1991, at 23:30, Rohwedder was shot and killed through a window on the second floor of his house in the suburb of Düsseldorf-Niederkassel (Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring 71) by the first of three rifle shots. The second shot wounded his wife Hergard; the third hit a bookcase. The shots were fired from away from a rifle chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO. It was the same rifle that was used during a 1991 Unite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Privatization
Privatization (rendered privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector. It is also sometimes used as a synonym for deregulation when a heavily regulated private company or industry becomes less regulated. Government functions and services may also be privatised (which may also be known as "franchising" or "out-sourcing"); in this case, private entities are tasked with the implementation of government programs or performance of government services that had previously been the purview of state-run agencies. Some examples include revenue collection, law enforcement, water supply, and prison management. Another definition is that privatization is the sale of a state-owned enterprise or municipally owned corporation to private investors; in this case shares may be traded in the public market for the first time, or for the first time since an enterprise's previous natio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army Faction
The Red Army Faction (, ; RAF ),See the section "Name" also known as the Baader–Meinhof Group or Baader–Meinhof Gang ( ), was a West German far-left militant group founded in 1970 and active until 1998, considered a terrorist organisation by the West German government."24 June 1976: The West German parliament passed the German Emergency Acts, which criminalized 'supporting or participating in a terrorist organization,' into the Basic Law." ; "''Dümlein Christine'',... Joined the RAF in 1980,... the only crime she was guilty of was membership in a terrorist organization" . The RAF described itself as a communist and anti-imperialist urban guerrilla group. It was engaged in armed resistance against what it considered a fascist state. Members of the RAF generally used the Marxist–Leninist term " faction" when they wrote in English. Early leadership included Andreas Baader, Ulrike Meinhof, Gudrun Ensslin, and Horst Mahler. The RAF engaged in a series of bombing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babelsberg Studios
Babelsberg Film Studio () (also known as Studio Babelsberg), located in Potsdam-Babelsberg outside Berlin, Germany, is the oldest large-scale film studio in the world, producing films since 1912. With a total area of about and a studio area of about it is one of Cinema of Europe, Europe's large film studios. Hundreds of films, including Fritz Lang's ''Metropolis (1927 film), Metropolis'' and Josef von Sternberg's ''The Blue Angel'' were filmed there. More recent productions include ''V for Vendetta (film), V for Vendetta'', ''Captain America: Civil War'', ''Æon Flux (film), Æon Flux'', ''The Bourne Ultimatum (film), The Bourne Ultimatum'', ''Valkyrie (film), Valkyrie'', ''Inglourious Basterds'', ''Cloud Atlas (film), Cloud Atlas'', ''The Grand Budapest Hotel'', ''The Hunger Games (film series), The Hunger Games'', ''Isle of Dogs (film), Isle of Dogs'' and ''The Matrix Resurrections''. Today, Studio Babelsberg remains operational mainly for feature film productions. It also ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volkseigener Betrieb
The Publicly Owned Enterprise (; abbreviated VEB) was the main legal form of industrial enterprise in East Germany. These state-owned enterprise were all publicly owned and were formed after mass nationalisation between 1945 and the early 1960s, and the handing back in 1954 of some 33 enterprises previously taken by the Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ... as reparations. The managing director of a VEB was called a plant or works manager (, or ). They were assisted by the first secretary of the factory party organisation () of the SED, and the chairman of the factory trade union (). Subordinate to them were roles such as "Chief Accountant" and "Technical Director". 200px, View of the VEB Carl Zeiss Jena, 1978 VEBs were initially vertical integratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reunification Of Germany
German reunification () was the process of re-establishing Germany as a single sovereign state, which began on 9 November 1989 and culminated on 3 October 1990 with the dissolution of the German Democratic Republic and the integration of its re-established constituent federated states into the Federal Republic of Germany to form present-day Germany. This date was chosen as the customary German Unity Day, and has thereafter been celebrated each year as a national holiday. On the same date, East and West Berlin were also reunified into a single city, which eventually became the capital of Germany. The East German government, controlled by the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), started to falter on 2 May 1989, when the removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria opened a hole in the Iron Curtain. The border was still closely guarded, but the Pan-European Picnic and the indecisive reaction of the rulers of the Eastern Bloc started off an irreversible movement. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Reunification
German reunification () was the process of re-establishing Germany as a single sovereign state, which began on 9 November 1989 and culminated on 3 October 1990 with the dissolution of the East Germany, German Democratic Republic and the integration of its re-established constituent federated states into the West Germany, Federal Republic of Germany to form Germany, present-day Germany. This date was chosen as the customary German Unity Day, and has thereafter been celebrated each year as a national day, national holiday. On the same date, East Berlin, East and West Berlin, West Berlin were also reunified into a single city, which eventually Decision on the Capital of Germany, became the capital of Germany. The East German government, controlled by the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), started to falter on 2 May 1989, when the removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria opened a hole in the Iron Curtain. The border was still closely guarded, but the Pan-European Picn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economy Of East Germany
The economy of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany; GDR, DDR) was a command economy following the model of the Soviet Union based on the principles of Marxism-Leninism. Sharing many characteristics with fellow COMECON member states — the East German economy stood in stark contrast to the market and mixed economies of Western Europe and West Germany. The state established production targets, set prices, and also allocated resources, codifying these decisions in comprehensive plans. The means of production were almost entirely state-owned. The GDR had an above-average standard of living compared to other Eastern Bloc countries or the Soviet Union, and enjoyed favorable duty and tariff terms with the West German market; in 1989, it was estimated that 50 to 60% of its trade was with Western countries. However by the mid-1980s its economy had reached a state of stagnation, contributing to the process of German reunification. History Soviet occupation period Each occup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimiro Giacché
Vladimiro is a male given name deriving from the Slavic name Vladimir. Those bearing it include: * Vladimiro Montesinos (born 1946, in Arequipa), Peruvian intelligence officer * Vladimiro Schettina (born 1955, in Asunción), Paraguayan football defender * Vladimiro Roca (born 1942, in Havana), Cuban dissident and leader of the illegal Cuban Social-Democratic Party * Vladimiro Tarnawsky Vladimiro Tarnawski (; ; born 19 August 1939), also known as Vladimiro Tarnawsky and Walter Tarnawsky, and nicknamed ''Ruso'' (Spanish for Russian), is a retired Ukrainian Argentine football goalkeeper born in the Soviet Union. Career Born in t ... (born 1939, in Ukraine), Ukrainian-Argentine football goalkeeper * (Vladimiro) Ariel Dorfman (born 1942, in Buenos Aires), Chilean-American novelist, playwright, essayist, academic, and human rights activist * Vladimiro ''(Wladimiro)'' Guadagno a.k.a. ''Vladimir Luxuria'' (born 1965, in Foggia), Italian transgender politician References {{reflist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Business Organisations Based In East Germany
Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (such as goods and services). It is also "any activity or enterprise entered into for profit." A business entity is not necessarily separate from the owner and the creditors can hold the owner liable for debts the business has acquired except for limited liability company. The taxation system for businesses is different from that of the corporates. A business structure does not allow for corporate tax rates. The proprietor is personally taxed on all income from the business. A distinction is made in law and public offices between the term business and a company (such as a corporation or cooperative). Colloquially, the terms are used interchangeably. Corporations are distinct from sole proprietors and partnerships. Corporations are separate and unique legal entities from their shareholders; as such they provide limited liability for their owners and members. Corporat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saxony-Anhalt
Saxony-Anhalt ( ; ) is a States of Germany, state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Lower Saxony. It covers an area of and has a population of 2.17 million inhabitants, making it the List of German states by area, 8th-largest state in Germany by area and the List of German states by population, 11th-largest by population. Its capital and most populous city is Magdeburg. The state of Saxony-Anhalt was formed in July 1945 after World War II, when the Soviet Military Administration in Germany, Soviet army administration in Allied-occupied Germany formed it from the former Free State of Prussia, Prussian Province of Saxony and the Free State of Anhalt. Saxony-Anhalt became part of the East Germany, German Democratic Republic in 1949, but was dissolved in 1952 during Administrative divisions of East Germany, administrative reforms and its territory was divided into the districts of Halle (Bezirk), Halle and Magdeburg (Bezirk), Magdeburg. Follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
