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Tor-tor Dance
Tortor (Batak languages, Batak: ᯖᯬᯒ᯲ᯖᯬᯒ᯲) is a traditional Batak people, Batak dance originating from North Sumatra, Indonesia. This dance was originally a ritual and sacred dance performed at funerals, healing ceremonies, and other traditional Batak ceremonies. For the Batak people, tortor dance has both cultural and spiritual values. Through this dance, people express their hopes and prayers. Demonstrations of attitudes and feelings through this dance describe the situation and conditions that are being experienced. Tortor performances always have a situational nature which is reflected in the type of tor-tor displayed, such as '' Tortor Sombasomba'' (worship), ''Tortor Simonangmonang'' (victory), or ''Tortor Habonaran'' (truth). The tortor dance is played to the accompaniment of gondang musical instruments. The word "tortor" comes from the sound of the dancers stomping their feet while performing on the board of a Batak traditional house. History Tortor dance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batak Languages
__FORCETOC__ The Batak languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken by the Batak people in the Indonesian province of North Sumatra and surrounding areas. Internal classification The Batak languages can be divided into two main branches, Northern Batak and Southern Batak. Simalungun was long considered an intermediary, but in current classifications it is recognized as part of the Southern branch.Adelaar, K. A. (1981). "Reconstruction of Proto-Batak Phonology". In Robert A. Blust (ed.), ''Historical Linguistics in Indonesia: Part I'', 1–20. Jakarta: Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya. Within Northern Batak, a study noted 80% cognate words between Karo and Alas, 81% with Pakpak, 76% with Simalungun & Toba, and 30% with Malay (Indonesian).The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar. K. Alexander Adelaar, Nikolaus Himmelmann, p. 535 Karo and Toba Batak are mutually unintelligible. Mandailing, Toba and Angkola are related to each other and mutually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babylonia
Babylonia (; , ) was an Ancient history, ancient Akkadian language, Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Kuwait, Syria and Iran). It emerged as an Akkadian-populated but Amorites, Amorite-ruled state . During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards, Babylonia was retrospectively called "the country of Akkad" ( in Akkadian), a deliberate archaism in reference to the previous glory of the Akkadian Empire. It was often involved in rivalry with the older ethno-linguistically related state of Assyria in the north of Mesopotamia and Elam to the east in Ancient Iran. Babylonia briefly became the major power in the region after Hammurabi (floruit, fl. –1752 BC middle chronology, or –1654 BC, short chronology timeline, short chronology) created a short-lived empire, succeeding the earlier Akkadian Empire, Third Dynasty of Ur, and Old Assyrian Empire. The Babylonian Empire rapidly fell apar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tandok Dance
Tandok dance (Batak: ''ᯖᯢ᯲oᯃ᯲'' )is a traditional Batak dance originating from the North Sumatra, Indonesia. This dance tells about the activities of harvesting rice using ''tandok'' carried out by mothers in the fields. In addition, this dance also contains the importance of family values between each other. Form and movement Tandok dancers are generally women who wear traditional Batak clothes, which are dominated by black and red. The dance properties used include tandok, ulos, and sarong. The Tandok dance is usually danced by four dancers, but this does not become a standard. It can also be performed by an even number of dancers more than four. This traditional dance is accompanied by Gondang music. Similar to gamelan in Java and Bali, Gondang is also an ensemble musical instrument that has variations. If the Javanese gamelan and the variations in the music produced are based on the skill of the salendro players, the variations on the Gondang are on the ''Sarune'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigale Gale
Sigalegale (Batak: ᯘᯪᯎᯞᯩᯎᯞᯩ ) is a wooden puppet used in a funeral dance performance of the Batak people in Samosir Island, Northern Sumatra. Sigale Gale is a well-known feature for visiting tourists. During the dance, the puppet is operated from behind, like a marionette, using strings that run through the ornate wooden platform on which it stands. The setup enables its arms and body to be moved and its head to turn. Traditionally the performance was carried out of childless person. Batak Toba believe souls become an ancestral spirit and the children of the deceased perform funerary rites. If a person died childless a si gale-gale is created as a substitute. Complicated sigale gale could be life sized and featured actuation using wet moss or sponges that could be squeezed to make the dolls appear to cry. The wooden figure has jointed limbs were mounted on large, wheeled platforms on which, weeping, they danced during funerary ceremonies called ''papurpur sapa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulos
Ulos is the traditional tenun fabric of the Batak people of North Sumatra in Indonesia. The ulos is normally worn draped over the shoulder or shoulders, or in weddings to ceremonially bind the bride and groom together. Ulos are traditionally hand-woven. With increasing modernization, ulos lost its significance. In traditional marriage ceremony, the ulos is given by the bride's parents to the groom's mother as ulos ''pargomgom''. History According to the Batak people, there are three sources of warmth for humans: Sun, Fire, and Ulos. They created something that could give them warmth, also believed to be able to give the men bravery and the women strength against infertility. At first, Ulos was only used as an ordinary cloth, but it later developed into a symbol of love and traditional ceremony requirements. There are many kinds and motifs of ulos. If ulos is used by a man, the upper part of it is called ''ande-ande'', the lower called ''singkot'', and the one used on the he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tor-tor Mangalahat Horbo
Tortor (Batak: ᯖᯬᯒ᯲ᯖᯬᯒ᯲) is a traditional Batak dance originating from North Sumatra, Indonesia. This dance was originally a ritual and sacred dance performed at funerals, healing ceremonies, and other traditional Batak ceremonies. For the Batak people, tortor dance has both cultural and spiritual values. Through this dance, people express their hopes and prayers. Demonstrations of attitudes and feelings through this dance describe the situation and conditions that are being experienced. Tortor performances always have a situational nature which is reflected in the type of tor-tor displayed, such as '' Tortor Sombasomba'' (worship), ''Tortor Simonangmonang'' (victory), or ''Tortor Habonaran'' (truth). The tortor dance is played to the accompaniment of gondang musical instruments. The word "tortor" comes from the sound of the dancers stomping their feet while performing on the board of a Batak traditional house. History Tortor dance is one of the oldest dances in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christianity In Indonesia
Christianity is Indonesia's second-largest religion, after Islam in Indonesia, Islam. Indonesia also has the second-largest Christian population in Southeast Asia after the Christianity in the Philippines, Philippines, the largest Protestant population in Southeast Asia, and the third-largest Christian population in Asia after the Philippines and China. Indonesia also has the second-largest Christian population in the Muslim world, after Nigeria, followed by Egypt. Indonesia's 29.4 million Christians constituted 10.47% of the country's population in 2023, with 7.41% Protestant (20.8 million) and 3.06% Catholic (8.6 million). Some provinces in Indonesia are majority Christian. In Indonesia, the word ''Kristen'' () refers to Protestantism, while Catholicism is referred to as ''Katolik''. In the 21st century the rate of Christian population growth, growth and spread of Christianity has increased, especially among the Chinese Indonesians, Chinese minority. Distribution Chri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samosir
Samosir, or Samosir Island, is a large volcanic island in Lake Toba, located in North Sumatra Province on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. Administratively, Samosir Island is governed as six of the nine districts within Samosir Regency. The lake and island were formed after the eruption of the Toba supervolcano some 75,000 years ago. At , Samosir is the largest island within an island and the fourth largest lake island in the world. It also contains two smaller lakes, Lake Sidihoni and . Across the lake on the east of the island lies the Uluan Peninsula. The island was historically linked to the mainland of Sumatra on its western part by a narrow isthmus connecting the town of Pangururan on Samosir and Tele on mainland Sumatra, but it was split by the Tano Ponggol Canal and bridge in 1906, which was widened in 2019. Tele consequently offers one of the best views of Lake Toba and Samosir Island. One of the most important objects on the island is a Lutheran church, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle East
The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western European nations in the early 20th century as a replacement of the term Near East (both were in contrast to the Far East). The term "Middle East" has led to some confusion over its changing definitions. Since the late 20th century, it has been criticized as being too Eurocentrism, Eurocentric. The region includes the vast majority of the territories included in the closely associated definition of West Asia, but without the South Caucasus. It also includes all of Egypt (not just the Sinai Peninsula, Sinai) and all of Turkey (including East Thrace). Most Middle Eastern countries (13 out of 18) are part of the Arab world. The list of Middle Eastern countries by population, most populous countries in the region are Egypt, Turkey, and Iran, whil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kendang
A ''kendang'' or ''gendang'' (, , , Tausug language, Tausug/Bajau/Maranao language, Maranao: ''gandang'', Buginese language, Bugis: ''gendrang'' and Makassarese language, Makassar: ''gandrang'' or ''ganrang'') is a two-headed drum used by people from the Indonesian Archipelago. The kendang is one of the primary instruments used in the gamelan ensembles of Javanese music, Javanese, Music of Sunda, Sundanese, and Balinese music, Balinese music. It is also used in various Kulintang ensembles in Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines. It is constructed in a variety of ways by different ethnic groups. It is related to the Indian double-headed mridangam drum. Overview The typical double-sided membrane drums are known throughout Maritime Southeast Asia and India. One of the oldest image of kendang can be found in Candi of Indonesia, ancient temples in Indonesia, especially the ninth century Borobudur and Prambanan temple. Among the Javanese people, Javanese, Sund ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian People
Indian people or Indians are the Indian nationality law, citizens and nationals of the India, Republic of India or people who trace their ancestry to India. While the demonym "Indian" applies to people originating from the present-day India, it was also used as the identifying term for people originating from what is now Bangladeshi diaspora, Bangladesh and Pakistani diaspora, Pakistan prior to the Partition of India in 1947. In 2022, the population of India stood at 1.4 billion people, of various Indian ethnic groups, ethnic groups. According to United Nations forecasts, India overtook China as the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country by the end of April 2023, containing 17.50 percent of the global population. In addition to the Indian population, the Non-resident Indian and Overseas Citizen of India, Indian overseas diaspora also boasts large numbers, particularly in former British Empire, British colonies due to the historical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gordang Sambilan
Gordang sambilan is a kendang (Indonesian version of drum) musical instrument originating from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Gordang sambilan consists of nine relatively large and long drums (drum chime) made of ingul wood and played by four people. The size and length of the nine drums are stratified, starting from the largest to the smallest. For Mandailing people, especially in the past, gordang sambilan was a very important sacred traditional music. Gordang sambilan is seen as sacred because it is believed to have supernatural powers to summon ancestral spirits to provide help through a medium or shaman called Sibaso. Instrument Gordang Sambilan consists of nine drums that are relatively large and long. The nine drums have successive sizes from the largest to the smallest size. The Gordang Sambilan resonator tube is made of perforated wood and one end of the hole (the head) is covered with a membrane made of cowhide which is stretched with rattan as a fastener. As a beating too ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
