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Toptani Government
The Toptani Government was the 3rd ruling government of Albania, formed on 5 October 1914. Overview The lack of governance in Albania created a chance for Essad Toptani, who had fled the country due to his discord with members in the Përmeti I Government, to return one last time and form an alliance with the Entente. Toptani announced the dissolution of the revolutionary bodies and appointed new prefects throughout the country. On October 21, 1914, he undertook the first agrarian reform in Albania, when he issued the order to confiscate the properties of about 50 wealthy landowners and other political opponents, an order which due to the circumstances of that time was never implemented. Esad also focused his attention to counter the Greek offensive in southern Albania, following the proclamation by the greek authorities on October 27, 1914 of the so called Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus. He requested from the presidencies of the councils of Elbasan, Berat and Vlorë ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Essad Pasha Toptani
Essad Pasha Toptani or Esad Pasha Toptani ( sq, Esad Pashë Toptani; 1863/4 or 1875 – 13 June 1920), mainly known as Essad Pasha, was an Ottoman army officer who served as the Albanian deputy in the Ottoman Parliament. He was a prominent politician in early 20th-century Albania. Toptani cooperated with the Balkan League after the Balkan Wars and established a state in central Albania, based in Durrës, called the Republic of Central Albania.Robert Elsie, ''Essad Pasha Toptani'' Biography Early life Essad Pasha was born in 1863 in , |
Sali Toro
Sali Toro (1870–1944) was an Albanian lawyer, judge and politician who served as Minister of Justice in the Toptani Government. Biography Sali Toro was born in 1870, in the southern city of Gjirokastër, then part of the Ottoman Empire. He graduated from the Faculty of Law at Istanbul University. From 1892 to 1912, he served as prosecutor in Karşehir and then chief justice in Ankara, Prishtina, Bursa and Adana. Later he was named President of the Court of Appeal in Izmir and Samsun. Toro returned to Albania in May 1912 and the following year was named chief justice of the Durrës Court. In 1914, he joined the cabinet of Essad Toptani as justice minister, a post he held since 1916. From 1919 to 1920 he served as chief justice in the Court of Berat. In 1920 he was appointed as head of the Dictative Court and served until 1929. On April 1, 1929 he became a member of the State Council. He died in Tirana Tirana ( , ; aln, Tirona) is the capital and largest city of Albania. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Albania
Albania is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic, where the President of Albania is the head of state and the Prime Minister of Albania the head of government in a multi-party system. The executive power is exercised by the Government and the Prime Minister with its Cabinet. Legislative power is vested in the Parliament of Albania. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The political system of Albania is laid out in the 1998 constitution. The Parliament adopted the current constitution on 28 November 1998. Historically Albania has had many constitutions. Initially constituted as a monarchy in 1913, Albania became briefly a republic in 1925, and then a democratic monarchy in 1928. In 1939 Albania was invaded by Fascist Italian forces, imposing a puppet state, and later occupied by Nazi German forces. Following the partisan liberation from the Nazis in 1944 a provisional government was formed, which by 1946 had transformed into a Communist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavli Terka
Pavli Terka born 1865 year to(Durrës and died to Corfu, 1943) was an Albanian state official and politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Toptani Government. Biography Pavli Terka was born in the western port city of Durrës to a family with ties to the city's merchant elite. Prior to entering politics, he worked as a consular officer. On September 15, 1909, along with Haxhi Sulejmani and Jahja Ballhysa, he founded the patriotic club "Bashkimi" and took the role of deputy chairman. The club was established just days following the Congress of Dibër and worked to introduce written Albanian to the local idadiye school (gymnasium). A few years later, Terka joined the orthodox eldership of Durrës and emerged as its leader. It was during this time when he acquainted himself with Essad Pasha Toptani who appointed him as minister of foreign affairs in his newly formed cabinet. Terka accompanied Essad Pasha at the Paris Peace Conference in April 1919. After le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isuf Dibra
Isuf Dibra (Dohoshisht ? – Tirana, March 19, 1927) was an Albanian politician who served as Minister of War in the Toptani Government. Biography Isuf Dibra was born in the village of Dohoshisht, present day Dibër County. Little information is known about his life, including the exact year of his birth. He attended the elementary ruşdiye school in Manastir. As the leader of a guerrilla force of roughly 5,000 mercenaries, he helped Essad Toptani seize power in the fall of 1914. For his efforts, in the form of gratitude, Essad Pasha named him Minister of War in his newly formed cabinet. Dibra was appointed as an unelected member of the senate in the Constitutional Assembly on 18 December 1926, replacing the ousted senator Eqrem Vlora Eqrem Bey Vlora (1 December 1885 – 30 March 1964) was an Albanian lord, politician, writer, and one of the delegates to the Assembly of Vlorë, which proclaimed the Albanian Declaration of Independence on November 28, 1912. He is described a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aziz Vrioni
Aziz Pasha Vrioni (1859–1920) was an Ottoman- Albanian politician of the early 20th century. He was a member of the Ottoman Parliament representing Berat, and Albanian Minister of Finance and Minister of Agriculture and of Mines. He was born in Berat, Ottoman Empire, member of the influential and well-known Vrioni family. Aziz Pasha Vrioni got involved in the Albanian preparations in the eve of the Albanian Declaration of Independence in 1912. He carried over various ministries of the Albanian governments after. During the turmoils of 1914 he organized his men into local militia, fighting against the Islamic Peasant Rebels and Greek insurgents. After failing to defend Lushnja, he was shortly arrested by the government of Turhan Pasha Përmeti, accusing him of conspiracy and collaboration with the rebels. In October 1914, he joined the government of Essad Pasha Toptani in Durres and was elected General Director of the Administration. Political activity * Representative of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haxhi Isuf Banka
Haxhi Isuf Banka (Zhelegu) (1864 – September 1, 1944) was an Albanian economist and politician who served as Minister of Finances in the Toptani Government. Biography Haxhi Isuf Zhelegu was born on 1864 in Tirana, then Ottoman Empire. After finishing elementary schooling in his hometown, he moved to further his studies in Turkey and in 1887, graduated with a degree in Finance from Istanbul University. Later, he returned to Tirana with his family and began to work in the banking sector where eventually he would be known with the moniker surname "Banka" ( sq, Bank). On November 26, 1912, he took part in raising the flag of independence in Tirana. Two years later, he was arrested and imprisoned by Haxhi Qamili's rebels. From 1915–1916 he served as Minister of Finances in the Toptani Government, replacing Nexhati Libohova who had been assassinated. After the fall of the government in January 1916, he fled with Essad Toptani to Thessaloniki. Banka returned to Albania in 1918 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nexhati Libohova
Nexhati Libohova (Ismailati) (Libohovë, 1877 – Shkallnur, May 26, 1915) was an Albanian politician, active in the early independence period. A former cadet in the Ottoman Empire, he later joined the government of Essad Pasha Toptani to serve as Minister of Finances. He held the post for less than a year, having been assassinated by Osman Bali over a political dispute with the head of the government, Essad Pasha. Biography Nexhati Libohova was born in Libohovë (present day Gjirokastër County) in 1877. He graduated from the Hukúk Faculty of Law in Istanbul in 1904 and subsequently was appointed as a judge in the justice system of the Ottoman Empire from 1904 to 1913. In 1913, he returned to Albania and began working as personal secretary to prime minister Ismail Qemali in the Provisional Government. The following year, he was named deputy prefect and then prefect of Durrës. During this time, he was approached by the Eldership of Durrës led by Essad Pasha Toptani who persu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahin Dino
Shahin Dino was an Albanian politician and diplomat in the Ottoman Empire and independent Albania. He was born in Preveza in modern Greece during the 19th century to the notable local Dino family. In 1897 he was one of the local volunteer irregulars who defended Preveza during the Greco-Turkish War of 1897 against Greek troops. During the Second Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire he was elected deputy of the ''sanjak'' of Preveza. After the declaration of independence of Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares ... he served as Minister of Interior from September 17, 1914 to January 27, 1916. Sources {{DEFAULTSORT:Dino, Shahin 19th-century births 20th-century deaths People from Preveza Politicians of the Ottoman Empire Government ministers of Albania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War and was dissolved shortly after its defeat in the First World War. Austria-Hungary was ruled by the House of Habsburg and constituted the last phase in the constitutional evolution of the Habsburg monarchy. It was a multinational state and one of Europe's major powers at the time. Austria-Hungary was geographically the second-largest country in Europe after the Russian Empire, at and the third-most populous (after Russia and the German Empire). The Empire built up the fourth-largest machine building industry in the world, after the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom. Austria-Hungary also became the world's third-largest manufacturer and exporter of electric home appliances, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Përmeti I Government
The Përmeti I Government was the 2nd ruling government of Albania, formed on 14 March 1914, following the arrival of Prince Wied in the country. Overview With Wied's arrival in Albania, Durrës was designated as the country's new capital. Here, Turhan Pasha Përmeti formed a government cabinet of eight ministers who for the most part were supporters of Italy. Political rivalry arose between the two allies of the newly formed Albanian State and this became more evident with Esad Toptani's departure from the government. The first and second governments of Turhan Pasha, which seemed to be a "race" between Italians and Austrians for supremacy, were ineffective and produced little to no results. The Prime Minister grew tired of the long political and diplomatic disputes and did not have it with the right nerve to head governments that required energy, patience and of course international support. In both his governments, Përmeti cooperated with the two pashas, Esad Toptani and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Durrës
Durrës ( , ; sq-definite, Durrësi) is the second most populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Durrës County and Durrës Municipality. It is located on a flat plain along the Albanian Adriatic Sea Coast between the mouths of the Erzen and Ishëm at the southeastern corner of the Adriatic Sea. Durrës' climate is profoundly influenced by a seasonal Mediterranean climate. Durrës was founded by Ancient Greek colonists from Corinth and Corcyra under the name of Epidamnos around the 7th century BC in cooperation with the local Illyrian Taulantii. Also known as Dyrrachium, Durrës essentially developed as it became an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor the Byzantine Empire. The Via Egnatia, the continuation of the Via Appia, started in the city and led across the interior of the Balkan Peninsula to Constantinople in the east. In the Middle Ages, Durrës was contested between Bulgarian, Venetian and Ottoman dominions. The Ottomans ultimately prevai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
