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Timmia Norvegica
''Timmia'' is a genus of moss. It is the only genus in the family Timmiaceae and order Timmiales.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 ''in'' A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), ''Bryophyte Biology''. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). . The genus is named in honor of the 18th-century German botanist Joachim Christian Timm Joachim Christian Timm (7 December 1734 – 3 February 1805) was a German apothecary, mayor of Malchin, and a botanist with a particular interest in cryptograms. This botanist is denoted by the List of botanists by author abbreviation, author abb .... The genus ''Timmia'' includes only four species: References External links * * Moss genera Timmiidae Taxa named by Johann Hedwig {{Bryopsida-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ochyra
Ryszard Ochyra (born 1949) is a Polish bryologist. He has focused on moss systematics of the Southern Hemisphere, specifically in the families Amblystegiaceae, Dicranaceae, Grimmiaceae, and Seligeriaceae. Throughout his career, he has described 48 species of moss considered new to science. Biography Ochyra was born on 10 September 1949 in Rozbórz, Poland. He studied biology at Jagiellonian University, and remained at the university for his post-graduate work. He obtained his masters in botany in 1972 while studying under , and earned his doctorate in 1976. He took part in the Fourth Antarctic Expedition of the Polish Academy of Sciences, where he studied bryology on King George Island from 1979 to 1980. He was based on Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station. In 1986, Ochyra married Halina Bednarek-Ochyra, a noted bryologist and botanist. Together they have undertook several bryological expeditions and made large contributions to the herbarium of the Polish Academy o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetraphidopsida
Tetraphidaceae is a family of mosses. It includes only the two genera '' Tetraphis'' and '' Tetrodontium'', each with two species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), .... The defining feature of the family is the 4-toothed peristome. Range This family of mosses is most commonly found in northern latitudes. ''Tetraphis'' '' Tetraphis pellucida'' is the most common species in the family and is usually found in deciduous forests. Its leaves become wider in colder climates, which often leads to a misclassification of the species. ''Tetraphis geniculata'' is less commonly found and also appears in northern latitudes. The species often grows alongside the only other species in the genus, ''T. pellucida''. Both ''Tetraphis'' species are found growing on moist sedimenta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moss Genera
Mosses are small, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic division Bryophyta (, ) '' sensu stricto''. Bryophyta (''sensu lato'', Schimp. 1879) may also refer to the parent group bryophytes, which comprise liverworts, mosses, and hornworts. Mosses typically form dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations. The individual plants are usually composed of simple leaves that are generally only one cell thick, attached to a stem that may be branched or unbranched and has only a limited role in conducting water and nutrients. Although some species have conducting tissues, these are generally poorly developed and structurally different from similar tissue found in vascular plants. Mosses do not have seeds and after fertilisation develop sporophytes with unbranched stalks topped with single capsules containing spores. They are typically tall, though some species are much larger. ''Dawsonia'', the tallest moss in the world, can grow to in height. There are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryidae
Bryidae is an important subclass of Bryopsida. It is common throughout the whole world. Members have a double peristome with alternating tooth segments. Classification The classification of the Bryidae.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 ''in'' A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), ''Bryophyte Biology''. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). . Superorder: Bryanae :Bartramiales :Bryales :Hedwigiales :Orthotrichales :Rhizogoniales :Splachnales Superorder: Hypnanae :Hypnodendrales :Ptychomniales :Hookeriales :Hypnales References Plant subclasses Bryidae, Bryopsida {{Bryidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicranidae
The Dicranidae are a widespread and diverse subclass of mosses in class Bryopsida, with many species of dry or disturbed areas. They are distinguished by their spores; the peristome teeth are haplolepideous with a 4:2:3 formula, and an exostome is absent. Systematics Traditionally, the Dricanidae comprised about six to eight orders. However, phylogenetic analysis using molecular markers suggested that Dicranales was paraphyletic with respect to Pottiales Pottiales is an order (biology), order of mosses in the subclass Dicranidae. Classification The following families are recognised in ''Bryophyte Biology'': *Pottiaceae *Pleurophascaceae *Serpotortellaceae *Mitteniaceae Some other families .... A recently phylogenomic analysis led to a break-up of Dicranales and creation of a number of new small orders. The phylogenetic relationships recovered within Dicranidae are shown in the cladogram below. The orders Bryoxiphiales, Pseudoditrichales and Mitteniales were not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funariidae
The Funariidae are a widespread group of mosses in class Bryopsida.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 ''in'' A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), ''Bryophyte Biology''. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). . The majority of species belong to the genera '' Funaria'' (c. 200 species) and '' Physcomitrium'' (c. 80 species). Classification The Funariidae include three monotypic orders, with around 350 species, most of which belong either to the genus ''Funaria'' or ''Physcomitrium''. : Order Encalyptales :: Family Encalyptaceae (2 genera, 35 species) : : Order Funariales :: Family Funariaceae (14 genera, ca. 300 species) : : Order Disceliales :: Family Disceliaceae (1 species '' Discelium nudum'') Description Species in the subclass Funariidae typically live on or near the ground. Their stems typically have a central strand differentiated from the surrounding cells. The peristome teeth of their sporang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diphysciidae
''Diphyscium'' is a genus of mosses in the family Diphysciaceae. Members of this genus are small, perennial plants. The capsule does not elongate much, and remains buried among surrounding leaves. There are fifteen species of ''Diphyscium''. However, two of these species formerly were placed in the southeast Asian genus ''Theriotia'', and one species, from Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ..., formerly was segregated in the monotypic genus ''Muscoflorschuetzia''. In 2003, Magombo proposed reclassifying all fifteen species as belonging to the single genus ''Diphyscium''. References Moss genera Bryopsida {{Bryopsida-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buxbaumiidae
''Buxbaumia'' (bug moss, bug-on-a-stick, humpbacked elves, or elf-cap moss) is a genus of twelve species of moss (Bryophyta). It was first named in 1742 by Albrecht von Haller and later brought into modern botanical nomenclature in 1801 by Johann Hedwig to commemorate Johann Christian Buxbaum, a German physician and botanist who discovered the moss in 1712 at the mouth of the Volga River. The moss is microscopic for most of its existence, and plants are noticeable only after they begin to produce their reproductive structures. The asymmetrical spore capsule has a distinctive shape and structure, some features of which appear to be transitional from those in primitive mosses to most modern mosses. Description Plants of ''Buxbaumia'' have a much reduced gametophyte, bearing a sporophyte that is enormous by comparison. In most mosses, the gametophyte stage of the life cycle is both green and leafy, and is substantially larger than the spore-producing stage. Unlike these other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polytrichopsida
Polytrichaceae is a common family of mosses. Members of this family tend to be larger than other mosses, with the larger species occurring in particularly moist habitats. The leaves have specialized sheaths at the base and a midrib that bears photosynthesis, photosynthetic lamella (cell biology), lamellae on the upper surface. These mosses are capable of sustaining high rates of photosynthesis in the presence of ample light and moisture. Unlike all other mosses, the Hydroid (botany), hydroid-based vascular system of these mosses is continuous from stem to leaf and can extract water from the soil through transpiration. Species in this group are dioicous, though some are monoicous. In most species, the sporophytes are relatively large, the setae are rigid, and the calyptrae are hairy. Most species have nematodontous peristomes with 32–64 teeth in their sporangium; some early-diverging genera instead have a stopper mechanism, which consists of the apical section of the Columella (bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryopsida
The Bryopsida constitute the largest class of mosses, containing 95% of all moss species. It consists of approximately 11,500 species, common throughout the whole world. The group is distinguished by having spore capsules with teeth that are ''arthrodontous''; the teeth are separate from each other and jointed at the base where they attach to the opening of the capsule.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. (2000) "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 ''in'' A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), ''Bryophyte Biology''. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Consequently, mosses in the Class Bryopsida are commonly known as the “joint-toothed” or “arthrodontous” mosses. These teeth are exposed when the covering operculum falls off. In other groups of mosses, the capsule is either ''nematodontous'' with an attached operculum, or else splits open without operculum or teeth. Morphological groups The Bryopsida can be simplified into three groups: the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
