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Timeline Of Aleppo
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aleppo, Syria. Prior to 10th century * Founded before 2000 BCE * 1800–1525 BCE – part of the Amorite dynasty * 333 BCE – Alexander the Great in power. * 286 BCE – Hellenic settlement of Beroea established. * 88 BCE – City becomes part of Kingdom of Armenia. * 64 BCE – City becomes part of Roman Syria. * 611 CE – Persian Chosroes II in power. * 637 ** July–October: Siege of Aleppo by Muslim forces. ** Al-Shuaibiyah Mosque built. * 717 – Great Mosque built. 10th–12th centuries * 944 – Sayf al-Dawla in power. * 962 – City sacked by the Byzantines. * 1086 - Aleppo submit to the rule of Malik-Shah, the Turkish ruler of the Seljuk Empire * 1094 – After defeating opposing Seljuk governor Aq Sunqur, Tutush becomes ruler of the city. * 1124 – City besieged by Christian crusaders under Baldwin II of Jerusalem. * 1124 – Al-Halawiyah Madrasa built. * 1138 – 11 October: Earthquake was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aq Sunqur Al-Hajib
Abu Said Aq Sunqur al-Hajib (full name: ''Qasim ad-Dawla Aksungur al-Hajib'') was the Seljuk governor of Aleppo under Sultan Malik Shah I. He was beheaded in 1094 following accusations of treason by Tutush I, the Seljuk Turkish ruler of Damascus. Aq-Sunqur was the father of Imad ad-Din Zengi, the founder of the Zengid dynasty. Biography Governor of Aleppo Aq Sunqur was one of the Turcoman beys that were assigned in 1084 by Sultan Malik-Shah I to aid Fakhr ad-Dawla ibn Jahir in the capture of the Uqaylid realm. Malik-Shah then made Aq-Sunqur the governor of Aleppo in 1086. Aq Sunqur subsequently ruled for eight years. Because of the many conflicts between the rulers and princes of the regions, conditions within the city were difficult. A combination of high taxes and goods prices led to an increase in crime. Aq-Sunqur began reforming by fixing the security situation in Aleppo and its environs. He activated the Hudud in Islam, repelling thieves and bandits and stampi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Sultaniyah Madrasa
Al-Sultaniyah Madrasa (), is a madrasa complex located across from the Citadel entrance in the Ancient city of Aleppo, Syria. It is a religious, educational and funerary complex. It contains the tomb of sultan Malik al-Zaher the son of Ayyubid Sultan Saladin. Sultaniyya Madrasa Archnet Digital Library. However, satellite pictures show it has been bombed out of existence. See also * Al-Firdaws Madrasa * Al-Uthmaniyah Madrasa * Al-Zahiriyah Madrasa * |
Bab Al-Nasr (Aleppo)
Bab al-Nasr () meaning the ''Gate of Victory'', is one of the nine historical gates of the Ancient City of Aleppo, Syria. It was rebuilt and renamed by az-Zahir Ghazi Al-Malik az-Zahir Ghiyath ud-din Ghazi ibn Yusuf ibn Ayyub (commonly known as az-Zahir Ghazi; 1172 – 8 October 1216) was the Kurdish Ayyubid emir of Aleppo between 1186 and 1216. He was the third son of Saladin and his lands included northern ... in 1212 in became the most important northern gate of the city. The structure was partially modified during Ottoman times and its role affected by mid-20th-century French urban planners. The gate received "moderate" damage during the Syrian civil war and restored by local committee in 2018. Further reading * * Bab al-Nasr urban extra muracontext and description*Bab al-Nasr, Northern Gate of the Walled CityRecordof Greek Funerary Inscription drawingRebuilding Aleppo: Life beyond Syria's civil war*Reopening evenphotographs*UNESCReporton damage to Bab al-Nasr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Shadbakhtiyah Madrasa
Al-Shadbakhtiyah Madrasa () is a 12th-century madrasa complex in Aleppo, Syria.Shadbakhtiyya Madrasa Archnet Digital Library. It was built by Jamal al-Din Shadbakht, an Indian slave who was freed by Nur ad-Din, and served as a lieutenant of the at his master's death in 1174. See also * * |
Az-Zahir Ghazi
Al-Malik az-Zahir Ghiyath ud-din Ghazi ibn Yusuf ibn Ayyub (commonly known as az-Zahir Ghazi; 1172 – 8 October 1216) was the Kurdish Ayyubid emir of Aleppo between 1186 and 1216. He was the third son of Saladin and his lands included northern Syria and a small part of Mesopotamia. Biography In 1186, when az-Zahir was 15 years of age, his father appointed him governor of Aleppo, Mosul and supporting areas which had recently been taken from the Zengids. At the same time his two older brothers were appointed, respectively, as governor of Syria ( al-Afdal) and Egypt ( al-Aziz). The lands that az-Zahir received had been under the control of his uncle, Saladin's brother al-Adil, and al-Adil took an avuncular interest in az-Zahir. As the third son, when he inherited in 1193 he was to owe suzerainty to his eldest brother, al-Afdal, in Damascus. However, he conducted his affairs independently from his brothers, and thus stayed out of their quarrels with his uncle Al-Adil for a while. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saladin
Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub ( – 4 March 1193), commonly known as Saladin, was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. Hailing from a Kurdish family, he was the first sultan of both Egypt and Syria. An important figure of the Third Crusade, he spearheaded the Muslim military effort against the Crusader states in the Levant. At the height of his power, the Ayyubid realm spanned Egypt, Syria, Upper Mesopotamia, the Hejaz, Yemen, and Nubia. Alongside his uncle Shirkuh, a Kurdish mercenary commander in service of the Zengid dynasty, Saladin was sent to Fatimid Egypt in 1164, on the orders of the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din. With their original purpose being to help restore Shawar as the vizier to the teenage Fatimid caliph al-Adid, a power struggle ensued between Shirkuh and Shawar after the latter was reinstated. Saladin, meanwhile, climbed the ranks of the Fatimid government by virtue of his military successes against Crusader assaults and his personal closeness to al-Adid. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1170 Syria Earthquake
One of the largest earthquakes to hit Syria occurred early in the morning of 29 June 1170. It formed part of a sequence of large earthquakes that propagated southwards along the Dead Sea Transform, starting with the 1138 Aleppo earthquake, continuing with the 1157 Hama, 1170 and 1202 Syria events. The estimated magnitude is 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale, with the maximum intensity of X (''Extreme'') on the Mercalli intensity scale. Tectonic setting Western Syria lies across the boundary between the African plate and the Arabian plate, which consists of the various segments of the Dead Sea Transform. The main strand passing through the Lebanon restraining bend is the Yammouneh Fault, which was responsible for the 1202 earthquake. To the north of this is the Missyaf Fault (or Ghab Fault), which continues up to the Ghab Basin. One earlier earthquake has been identified on this fault segment, the 115 Antioch earthquake. The Missyaf Fault is considered the most likely structur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Muqaddamiyah Madrasa
Al-Muqaddamiyah Madrasa () is a madrasa complex in Aleppo, Syria.Muqaddamiyya Madrasa Archnet Digital Library. See also * Al-Firdaws Madrasa * Al-Sultaniyah Madrasa * Al-Uthmaniyah Madrasa * Al-Zahiriyah Madrasa * |
1138 Aleppo Earthquake
The 1138 Aleppo earthquake was among the deadliest earthquakes in history. Its name was taken from the city of Aleppo, in northern Syria, where the most casualties were sustained. The earthquake also caused damage and chaos to many other places in the area around Aleppo. The earthquake occurred on 11 October 1138 and was preceded by a smaller quake on the 10th. It is frequently listed as the third deadliest earthquake in history, following on from the Shensi and Tangshan earthquakes in China. However, the figure of 230,000 deaths reported by Ibn Taghribirdi in the fifteenth century is most likely based on a historical conflation of this earthquake with earthquakes in November 1137 on the Jazira plain and the large seismic event of 30 September 1139 in the Transcaucasian city of Ganja. Background Aleppo is located along the northern part of the Dead Sea Transform system of geologic faults, which is a plate boundary separating the Arabian plate from the African plate. The ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Halawiyah Madrasa
Al-Halawiyah Madrasa () is a madrasa complex located in al-Jalloum district of the Ancient city of Aleppo, Syria. It is built in 1124 on the site of Aleppo's Great Byzantine Cathedral of Saint Helena of the 5th century, where, according to tradition, a Roman temple once stood. Saint Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, built a great Byzantine cathedral there. When the Crusaders were pillaging the surrounding countryside during the siege of Aleppo in 1124, the city's chief judge, Ibn al-Khashshab, started to convert the cathedral into a mosque during the reign of Belek Ghazi. In 1149, Nur al-Din converted the building into a madrasah; an Islamic-religious school for the followers of the Hanafi madhab.Halawiyya Mosque and Madrasa Archnet Digital Library. Parts of the 5th century Christian constru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baldwin II Of Jerusalem
Baldwin II, also known as Baldwin of Bourcq (; – 21August 1131), was Count of Edessa from 1100 to 1118, and King of Jerusalem from 1118 until his death. He accompanied Godfrey of Bouillon and Baldwin of Boulogne to the Holy Land during the First Crusade. He succeeded Baldwin of Boulogne as the second count of Edessa when he left the county for Jerusalem following his brother's death. He was captured at the Battle of Harran in 1104. He was held first by Sökmen of Mardin, then by Jikirmish of Mosul, and finally by Jawali Saqawa. During his captivity, Tancred, the ruler of the Principality of Antioch, and Tancred's cousin, Richard of Salerno, governed Edessa as Baldwin's regents. Baldwin was ransomed by his cousin, Joscelin of Courtenay, lord of Turbessel, in the summer of 1108. Tancred attempted to retain Edessa, but Bernard of Valence, the Latin patriarch of Antioch, persuaded him to restore the county to Baldwin. Baldwin allied with Jawali, but Tancred and his al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
