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Thuburnica
Thuburnica was an ancient Roman- Berber city in the Maghreb. It was located in the present-day El Kalâa, near Chemtou in western Tunisia. It may have been the ancient town of Bulla Regia. History The Late Roman Republican general Caius Marius started the Roman presence in Thuburnica, allowing some of his veterans (the "Conditores coloniae" or 'founders of the colonia') to settle in a small ancient Berber village just south of Tabarka, near the border between present Tunisia and Algeria. A few decades later, the first Roman emperor Augustus settled there some of his veterans creating officially a Roman colonia, governed by ''duumvir (a pair of collegial, elected municipal magistrates). Thuburnica was one ten colonies founded by emperor Augustus on or near the coast of the Roman province of Mauretania for the retirement of the veterans of his legions, the others being: Rusucurru, Tubusuctu, Igilgili, Saldae, Rusazu, Rusguniae, Aquae Calidae, Zuccabar, Gunugu and Cartenna. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemtou
Chemtou or Chimtou was an ancient Roman- Berber town in northwestern Tunisia, located 20 km from the city of Jendouba near the Algerian frontier. It was known as Simitthu (or Simitthus in Roman period) in antiquity. History Chemtou was founded in the 4th to 5th century BC as a colony of the Berber kingdom of Numidia. It later became a Roman town in the province of Africa. The city was important enough to become a bishopric, before its eventual abandonment around the 9th to 10th century. Remains It lies at the crossroad of two major highways: the one that connects Carthage and Hippo Regius (today Annaba), and the one that connects Thabraca (today Tabarka) and Sicca (today El Kef). The town is known for its quarries, where one of the most precious types of marbles in the Roman Empire, the antique yellow marble (''marmor numidicum'' or ''giallo antico''), was exploited. With Chemtou's ruins dating from over a period of 1,500 years, the site covers over 80 hectares of are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquae Calidae, Algeria
Aquae Calidae was a Roman colony of the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis. The Roman city has been identified with ruins at Hammam Righa in the wilaya of Chlef, Algeria, North Africa. Data The ruins are located at latitude 36.379474N, longitude 2.395618E near the railway town of Boumedfaâ, and is on the Oued Djer River. The Roman colony was founded by and flourished from 30BC to about 690 AD, passing through the Vandal Kingdom and |
Tunisia
) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , coordinates = , official_languages = Arabic Translation by the University of Bern: "Tunisia is a free State, independent and sovereign; its religion is the Islam, its language is Arabic, and its form is the Republic." , religion = , languages_type = Spoken languages , languages = Minority Dialects : Jerba Berber (Chelha) Matmata Berber Judeo-Tunisian Arabic (UNESCO CR) , languages2_type = Foreign languages , languages2 = , ethnic_groups = * 98% Arab * 2% Other , demonym = Tunisian , government_type = Unitary presidential republic , leader_title1 = President , leader_name1 = Kais Saied , leader_t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Legions
The Roman legion ( la, legiō, ) was the largest military unit of the Roman army, composed of 5,200 infantry and 300 equites (cavalry) in the period of the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and of 5,600 infantry and 200 auxilia in the period of the Roman Empire (27 BC – AD 476). Size The size of a typical legion varied throughout the history of ancient Rome, with complements ranging from 4,200 legionaries and 300 equites (drawn from the wealthier classes – in early Rome all troops provided their own equipment) in the Republican period of Rome (the infantry were split into 10 cohorts each of four maniples of 120 legionaries), to 4,800 legionaries (in 10 cohorts of 6 centuries of 80 legionaries) during Caesar's age, to 5,280 men plus 120 auxiliaries in the Imperial period (split into 10 cohorts, nine of 480 men each, with the first cohort being double-strength at 960 men). It should be noted the above numbers are typical field strengths while "paper strength" was slig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa Proconsularis
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area.Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. . With billion people as of , it accounts for about of the world's human population. Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the continents; the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. Despite a wide range of natural resources, Africa is the least wealthy continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth, behind Oceania. Scholars have attributed this to different factors including geography, climate, tribalism, colonialism, the Cold War, neocolonialism, lack of democracy, and corruption. Despite this low concentration of wealth, recent economic expansion and the large and young population make Af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mauretania Sitifensis
Mauretania Sitifensis was a Roman province in Northwest Africa. The capital was Setifis. History In the later division of the Roman Empire under the Emperor Diocletian, the eastern part of Mauretania Caesariensis, from Saldae to the river Ampsaga, was split into a new province, and called Mauretania Sitifensis named after the inland town of Setifis ( Setif in modern Algeria). At the time of Constantine the Great, Mauretania Sitifensis was assigned to the administrative Diocese of Africa, under the Praetorian prefecture of Italy. The new province had a huge economic development in the 4th century, until the conquest by the Vandals. In this province, the Christian denomination known as Donatism challenged the Roman Church (which was the main local religion after Constantine), while Setifis was a center of Mithraism. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, certain areas of Mauretania Sitifensis were under Vandal and later Byzantine control, but most of the province (unt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diocletianus
Diocletian (; la, Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, grc, Διοκλητιανός, Diokletianós; c. 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed ''Iovius'', was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305. He was born Gaius Valerius Diocles to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia. Diocles rose through the ranks of the military early in his career, eventually becoming a cavalry commander for the army of Emperor Carus. After the deaths of Carus and his son Numerian on a campaign in Persia, Diocles was proclaimed emperor by the troops, taking the name Diocletianus. The title was also claimed by Carus's surviving son, Carinus, but Diocletian defeated him in the Battle of the Margus. Diocletian's reign stabilized the empire and ended the Crisis of the Third Century. He appointed fellow officer Maximian as ''Augustus'', co-emperor, in 286. Diocletian reigned in the Eastern Empire, and Maximian reigned in the Western Empire. Diocletian delegated further on 1 Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartenna
Cartennae or Cartenna.. was an ancient Berbers, Berber, Carthaginian Empire, Carthaginian, and Roman Empire, Roman port at present-day Ténès, Algeria. Under the Romans, it was part of the Roman province, province of Mauretania Caesariensis. Name Cartenna's name was variously recorded by the ancient Greek geography, Greeks as ''Karténna'' ( grc-gre, Καρτέννα), ''Kártina'' (), ''Kártinna'' (), and ''Karténnai'' ( grc-gre, Καρτένναι). It was usually latinization of names, Latinized as Cartennae or Cartenna, but appears as Cartinna in Pomponius Mela, Mela. These names seem to combine the Punic language, Punic word for "city" () with a Berber language, Berber placename element (), also seen in the Phoenician names for Cirta, Tipasa, and Sabratha. The name does not derive from the river but from nearby Cape Tenes. The plural form Cartennae seems to allude to a second Berber settlement that existed upstream. Notionally refounded as a Roman colony, it was also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gunugu
Gunugus or Gunugu ( xpu, 𐤂𐤍𐤂𐤍 , ) was a Berber and Carthaginian town in northwest Africa in antiquity. It passed into Roman control during the Punic Wars and was the site of a colony of veteran soldiers. It survived the Vandals and Byzantines but was destroyed during the Muslim invasion of the area. Location Gunugus has been tentativelybut not certainlyidentified with the ruins at Sidi Brahim de Gouraya on the Mediterranean coast near Gouraya, Algeria. History Gunugus was a Berber and Carthaginian town from around 550BC.''Barrington Atlas'', 2000, pl. 30 C3. It may have also been the site of a Greek colony at some point After the Punic Wars, Gunugus was the site of a Roman colony established by Augustus. It was administered as part of the province of Caesarian Mauretania. The local Berbers made up a large part of the settlement as well. Gunugus existed through the Vandal Kingdom and the Byzantine reconquest of Africa. It was destroyed around AD640. Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zuccabar
Zuccabar (or Zucchabar) was an ancient town in the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis. It is located in present-day Miliana, Algeria. History Zuccabar was constituted as a Roman colony (''Colonia Iulia Augusta Zucchabar'') under the Emperor Augustus. Indeed, actual Miliana correspondsMiliana ville historique to the town of origin known in Roman times as "Zucchabar" (or even "Succhabar"). Under , it was given the rank of '' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rusguniae
Tamentfoust ( ar, تمنتفوست), the classical Rusguniae and colonial , is a site in the Dar El Beïda District of Algiers in Algeria. Geography Tamentfoust lies on Cape Matifou, which forms the northeast side of the Bay of Algiers. Names The Roman name ' is a latinization of the Punic name (), meaning "Francolin Cape" and referring to nearby Cape Matifou. Ptolemy hellenized the name as ''Rhoustónion'' ( grc-gre, Ῥουστόνιον), and it appears in late sources as Rusgume, Rugunie, and Rusgimia. The French name ' (literally "Perugia") honored the naval officer and explorer Jean-François de Galaup, who owned an estate of that name. Tamentfoust is a Berber name for "right side", from the cape's position relative to Algiers. The present name of the cape, Matifou, is a 14th-century Spanish approximation of the Berber name. History Rusguniae was established as a colony along the trade route between the Strait of Gibraltar and Phoenicia. It consisted of a sma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rusazu
Rusazus was a Phoenician, Carthaginian, and Roman town located near Cape Corbelin, Algeria. Its ruins are near the town of Azeffoun. Name ( phn, 𐤓𐤔𐤆) was the Phoenician and Punic name of Cape Corbelin and meant "Cape of the Strong One". or "Cape of the Fort". It was hellenized as ''Rhousazoûs'' ( grc-gre, Ῥουσαζοῦς) and Latinized variously as Rusazus, Plin., '' Nat. Hist.''Book V, §20 Rusazu, Rusazis, Ruseius, and Rusadum.. As to which "Strong One" might have been meant, Lipiński offers that Azeffoun's name itself might be a Berber memory of a Punic toponym honoring Baal Zephon, who was reckoned a patron of maritime trade. He allows, though, that pending the discovery of such an inscription, mere assonance is also possible. History Rusazus was established as a colony along the trade route between the Strait of Gibraltar and Phoenicia. It consisted of a small fortress south of Cape Corbelin. It eventually fell under Carthaginian cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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