|
Third Force (CIA)
Third Force may refer to: Politics * Third party (politics), party other than one of the two dominant ones in a two-party political system ** Third party (United States), in American politics ** Third parties in a two-party system, in which two political parties dominate voting in nearly all elections at every level of government ** Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party, called "Third party" in the 1930s * Third Force, a term referring to Canadians of neither British or French descent; see * , attempts to establish another force against the authoritarian Kuomintang and the radical Chinese Communist Party during the Republic of China (1912-1949) era, and also attempts to establish an alternative to the Chinese-Communist-Party-lead People's Republic of China as well as the Kuomintang-lead Republic of China after the establishment of PRC and expulsion of KMT from Mainland China in 1949 * Third Force (CIA), a CIA program instituted during the Korean War to destabilise Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Party (politics)
A minor party is a political party that plays a smaller (in some cases much smaller, even insignificant in comparison) role than a major party in a country's politics and elections. The difference between minor and major parties can be so great that the membership total, donations, and the candidates that they are able to produce or attract are very distinct. Some of the minor parties play almost no role in a country's politics because of their low recognition, vote and donations. Minor parties often receive very small numbers of votes at an election (to the point of losing any candidate nomination deposit). The method of voting can also assist or hinder a minor party's chances. For example, in an election for more than one member, the proportional representation method of voting can be advantageous to a minor party as can preference allocation from one or both of the major parties. A minor party that follows the direction/directive of some other major parties is called a bloc p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (Iran)
Third Force () was a loosely organized non-aligned political movement in Iran which advocated an independent, socialist–nationalist philosophy of development. Though not a modern party, it maintained organization within activists and press. It did not become an important party, however made an enormous impact on Iranian democracy struggle after 1953 Iranian coup d'état. The group was established in 1948 as a breakaway split from the communist Tudeh Party of Iran, when they rejected the party's Stalinism and pro-soviet oil concession stance in favor of democratic socialism and centrist Marxism, supporting nationalization of the Iran oil industry movement. They backed National Front and in 1951, joined socialist Toilers Party of the Iranian Nation, led by Mozzafar Baghai. Third Force split from the party in October 1952, after they positioned against Government of Mosaddegh. According to leader Khalil Maleki, the group functioned through two basic principles, being a "Third ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (Georgia)
Third Force ( ka, მესამე ძალა, tr) was a political alliance in Georgia formed around Strategy Aghmashenebeli in opposition to the ruling Georgian Dream party. The alliance was formed in 2021 participating in the local elections held the same year with its electoral number being 1. Third Force consisted of three parties: Strategy Aghmashenebeli, Free Democrats and the Republican Party of Georgia, however, they were also joined by other prominent opposition figured such as Grigol Vashadze, former chairman of United National Movement and a runner-up in the 2018 presidential election. The alliance ran in the 2021 local elections receiving 1.34% of the vote. Tamar Kekenadze, the chairwoman of Free Democrats, was nominated as the coalition's candidate for the 2021 Tbilisi mayoral election receiving 0.59% of the vote and finishing in the 9th place. The results were considered disappointing for the coalition considering the fact that the constituent parties receiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (Ukraine)
Political Party "Third Force" () is a political party in Ukraine that was created in 2005 by Vasyl Havryliuk. External links Party profileat the Center of Political Information Political parties in Ukraine {{Ukraine-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (South Africa)
The "Third Force" was a term used by leaders of the ANC during the late 1980s and early 1990s to refer to a clandestine force believed to be responsible for a surge in violence in KwaZulu-Natal, and townships around and south of the Witwatersrand (or "Rand"). The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) found that: while little evidence exists of a centrally directed, coherent or formally constituted "Third Force", a network of security and ex-security force operatives, frequently acting in conjunction with right-wing elements and/or sectors of the IFP, was involved in actions that could be construed as fomenting violence and which resulted in gross human rights violations, including random and target killings. Uses after 1994 Today, the high rate of protest in South Africa is often attributed to a "third force", often assumed to be linked to foreign intelligence agencies, opposition political parties and white intellectuals. However, S'bu Zikode of the shackdweller's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (1996 Russian Presidential Election)
Third force, in relation to the 1996 Russian presidential election, refers to the possibility of a center-left third party voting bloc being formed in order to create a viable alternative to Boris Yeltsin and Gennady Zyuganov. Serious negotiations to form a coalition were held between candidates Alexander Lebed, Grigory Yavlinsky and Svyatoslav Fyodorov. Alexander Rutskoy and Stanislav Govorukhin were approached to join the coalition, but gave their support to Zyuganov. Mikhail Gorbechev offered to lead a wide coalition but gained little support. Talks ultimately fell apart by early May, six weeks before the first round of the election. It was later revealed that Lebed had made a secret agreement with Yeltsin to support the latter in the second round of the election, after building up Lebed's campaign so that his endorsement would carry more support. Background Polls in early 1996 had demonstrated that the majority of voters did not like either Boris Yeltsin or Gennady Zyuganov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (Myanmar)
The Third Force is an informal group name given to a collection of political parties and local non-governmental organisations operating inside Burma (also known as Myanmar). It was used mainly in relation with the 2010 general elections. Although campaigning for improvement of living conditions and for democratic change inside the country, the Third Force is seen as distinct from Aung San Suu Kyi and her National League for Democracy. The political parties participated in the November 2010 General elections while Aung San Suu Kyi's party called for a general boycott. Some state that the Third Force consists of liberal elements of the regime, more 'pragmatic' components of the opposition movement and a handful of local and foreign academics who advocated for a change in western policy of sanctions and isolation. The Third Force contains pro-democracy parties, ethnic minorities parties and locally established educational non-governmental organisations. The name is derived from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (Northern Ireland)
The Third Force was the name given to a number of attempts by Northern Irish politician Ian Paisley, then leader of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), to create an Ulster loyalist 'defensive militia'. The best known example was the Third Force rallies on 1 April 1981. At a number of these rallies, large groups of men displayed what were purported to be firearms certificates. Rallies were held on hillsides near Gortin, Newry, and Armagh. On 3 December 1981, Paisley said that the Third Force had between 15,000 and 20,000 members.CAIN Web Service – Abstracts on Organisations – 'T' At Gortin the (RUC) were attacked and two vehicles overturned. The grou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (Hong Kong)
The Third Force () is a banner running in New Territories West for the 2012 Legislative Council of Hong Kong Election. It was led by Chan Keung, a member of the Guangdong Provincial Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, who was backed by the rural leaders and several district councillors. In a police's operation arresting some Wo Shing Wo triad-linked people openly involved in election campaigning in the New Territories, "Shanghai Boy" Kwok Wing-hung, "Little Boy" Cheung Chuen-hon, Ping Shan Rural Committee chairman Tsang Shu-wo and his counterpart on the Ha Tsuen Rural Committee, Tang Lai-tung were arrested. The four were said to be active backers of Chan Keung, who is running for a Legislative Council seat. The party refused to attend any election debate and failed to gain a seat with 16,767 votes in the election. References {{reflist See also * 2012 Hong Kong legislative election * Wo Shing Wo Wo Shing Wo or WSW () is the oldest of the Wo Group triad so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Party (United States)
Third party, or minor party, is a term used in the United States' two-party system for political parties other than the Republican and Democratic parties. The plurality voting system for presidential and Congressional elections have over time helped establish a two-party system in American politics. Third parties are most often encountered in presidential nominations and while third-party candidates rarely win elections, they can have an effect on them through vote splitting and other impacts. With few exceptions, the U.S. system has two major parties which have won, on average, 98% of all state and federal seats. According to Duverger's law two main political parties emerge in political systems with plurality voting in single-member districts. In this case, votes for minor parties can potentially be regarded splitting votes away from the most similar major party. Third party vote splitting exceeded a president's margin of victory in three elections: 1844, 2000, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Force (France)
The Third Force (, ) was a political alliance during the Fourth Republic (1947–1958) which gathered the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) party, the Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance (UDSR), the Radicals, the Popular Republican Movement (MRP) and other centrist politicians who were opposed to both the French Communist Party (PCF) and the Gaullist movement. The Third Force governed France from 1947 to 1951, succeeding the '' tripartisme'' alliance between the SFIO, the MRP and the PCF. The Third Force was also supported by the National Centre of Independents and Peasants (CNIP), which succeeded in having its most popular figure, Antoine Pinay, named Prime Minister in 1952, a year after the dissolving of the Third Force coalition. History During the later decades of the Third Republic, the majority of French voters and deputies belonged to the spectrum of numerous small liberal and republican parties of the centre-left and centre-right. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Fecteau
Richard G. Fecteau (born 1927) is an American Central Intelligence Agency operative who was captured by the People's Republic of China during a CIA-sponsored flight in the Korean War. News of the capture of Fecteau and John T. Downey reached the United States in November 1954, sparking a nearly two decade battle of wills between the U.S. and the PRC. Fecteau was released in December 1971. He later worked as an assistant athletic director at his alma mater, Boston University, retiring in 1989. CIA career He joined the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) soon after Boston University and became one of two CIA Paramilitary Officers in Special Activities Division (the other was John T. Downey, a Yale graduate) who survived the shoot-down of their Civil Air Transport C-47 spy-collection mission over the People's Republic of China in November 1952. In December 1954 Radio Peking announced that Fecteau and Downey had been convicted of spying and were sentenced to 20 years and life impriso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
