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Taikyo Institute
The was an organization under the Ministry of Religion in the Empire of Japan. History It was founded in 1872 to train ''kyōdo shōku'' or religious teachers because the Missionary Office and Department of Divinities were unsuccessful in their national indoctrination objectives. It was intended as a joint Shinto and Buddhist organization, but ended up becoming entirely dominated by Shinto. were established in each prefectural capital and were established in various cities. On January 1, 1875, an arson attack on the Great Teaching Institute caused confusion, with four Jōdo Shinshū sects informally announcing their departure from the Great Teaching Institute. On May 3, 1875, the Great Teaching Institute was dissolved by the Ministry of Religion and was succeeded by the Bureau of Shinto Affairs and later Shinto Taikyo. Ame-no-Minakanushi was one of its patron deities, also known under the Buddhist name Myōken. The "Great Teaching" is the same word that is used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1872
Events January * January 12 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years. *January 20 – The Cavite mutiny was an uprising of Filipino military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the Spanish arsenal in Cavite, Philippine Islands.Foreman, J., 1906, The set course for her patrol area off the northeastern coast of the main Japanese island Honshū. She arrived, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons February * February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on the Gold Coast, from the Netherlands. * February 4 – A great solar flare, and associated geomagnetic storm, makes northern lights visible as far south as Cuba. * February 13 – Rex, the most famous parade on Mardi Gras, parades for the first time in New Orleans for Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia. * February 17 – Filipino priests José Burgos, Mariano Gomez and Jacinto Zamora, collective ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ame-no-Minakanushi
Ame-no-Minakanushi (天之御中主, lit. "Heavenly Ancestral God of the Originating Heart of the Universe") is a deity (''kami'') in Japanese mythology, portrayed in the ''Kojiki'' and the ''Nihon Shoki'' as the first or one of the first deities who manifested when heaven and Earth came into existence. Name The ''kami'' is given the name 'Ame-no-Minakanushi-no-Kami' (天之御中主神; Old Japanese: ''Ame 2-no2-Mi1nakanusi'') in the ''Kojiki'' (ca. 712 CE). The same deity is referred to as 'Ame-no-Minakanushi-no-Mikoto' (天御中主尊) in a variant account cited in the ''Nihon Shoki'' (720 CE). Mythology The ''Kojiki'' portrays Ame-no-Minakanushi as the first god to appear in the heavenly realm of Takamagahara after the emergence of heaven and Earth from the primeval chaos: Unlike later generations of ''kami'', the first seven gods were "single" or "solitary" in that they came into being one by one, without any counterparts, and are described as hiding their presence upo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Shinto
was Empire of Japan, Imperial Japan's ideological use of the Japanese folk religion and traditions of Shinto. The state exercised control of shrine finances and training regimes for Kannushi, priests to strongly encourage Shinto practices that emphasized the Emperor as a Deity, divine being. The State Shinto ideology emerged at the start of the Meiji era, after government officials defined freedom of religion within the Meiji Constitution. Imperial scholars believed Shinto reflected the historical fact of the Emperor's divine origins rather than a religious belief, and argued that it should enjoy a privileged relationship with the Japanese state. The government argued that Shinto was a non-religious moral tradition and patriotic practice, to give the impression that they supported Freedom of religion, religious freedom. Though early Meiji-era attempts to unite Shinto and the state failed, this non-religious concept of ideological Shinto was incorporated into state bureaucracy. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhism In The Meiji Era
Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE. It is the world's fourth-largest religion, with about 500 million followers, known as Buddhists, who comprise four percent of the global population. It arose in the eastern Gangetic plain as a movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much of Asia. Buddhism has subsequently played a major role in Asian culture and spirituality, eventually spreading to the West in the 20th century. According to tradition, the Buddha instructed his followers in a path of development which leads to awakening and full liberation from '' dukkha'' (). He regarded this path as a Middle Way between extremes such as asceticism or sensual indulgence. Teaching that ''dukkha'' arises alongside attachment or clinging, the Buddha advised meditation practices and eth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1875 Disestablishments
Events January * January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of the year (Third Class is renamed Second Class in 1956). * January 5 – The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated as the home of the Paris Opera. * January 12 – Guangxu becomes the 11th Qing dynasty Emperor of China at the age of 3. He succeeds his cousin, the Tongzhi Emperor, who had no sons of his own. * January 14 – The newly proclaimed King Alfonso XII of Spain (Queen Isabella II's son) arrives in Spain to restore the monarchy during the Third Carlist War. * January 24 – Camille Saint-Saëns' orchestral ''Danse macabre'' receives its première. February * February 3 – Third Carlist War: Battle of Lácar – Carlist commander Torcuato Mendíri secures a brilliant victory, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Agencies Established In 1872
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The main types of modern political systems recognized are democracies, totalitarian regimes, and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with a variety of hybrid regimes. Modern classification systems also include monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. Historically prevalent forms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sect Shinto
refers to several independently organized Shinto groups that were excluded by Japanese law in 1882 from government-run State Shinto. Compared to mainstream Shrine Shinto, which focuses primarily on rituals, these independent groups have a more developed theology. Many such groups are organized under the . Before World War II, Sect Shinto consisted of 13 denominations, which were referred to as the 13 Shinto schools. Since then, there have been additions to and withdrawals from membership. Whereas Shrine Shinto is an aggregation of various shrines and customary beliefs in different parts of Japan (which became united under the Ise Grand Shrine after the Meiji period), Sect Shinto is based on the () school of philosophy. Tenrikyo was categorized as Sect Shinto but is often considered a separate monotheistic religion. History While its roots are in the late Edo period, Sect Shinto became more firmly established in the Meiji era after the Meiji Restoration. Its formation was sti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shintō Taikyō
(), formerly called (), is a Japanese Shintoist organization, and was established by Meiji officials in 1873. It is recognized officially, and its headquarters are in Tokyo. It has many shrines, and Tenrikyo used to be under its jurisdiction. Its teachings focus on the early kami of the Kojiki narrative such as Ame-no-Minakanushi. It is one of the Sect Shinto, thirteen shinto sects. It used to be very influential but its influence diminished and continues to diminish due to the prevalence of powerful sects such as Tenrikyo and Izumo-taishakyo. Its name 'Taikyo' refers to the Three Great Teachings first stated in the Proclamation of the Great Doctrine, and it is linked to the historical Great Teaching Institute. Three Great Teachings The organization follows these Three Great Teachings, which date back to the Proclamation of the Great Doctrine: # Respect for the gods, love of country; # Making clear the principles of Heaven and the Way of Man; # Reverence for the emperor a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proclamation Of The Great Doctrine
The was issued in the name of Emperor Meiji on January 3, 1870 (February 3).�歴代の詔勅�� p.66 河野省三 内閣印刷局、1940年（国立国会図書館） It declared Shinto (the "way of the gods") as the guiding principle of the state. The concept of Divinity was placed on the Emperor, and Shinto become designated as the state religion of the Japanese Empire, which was designated as a state with "unity of religion and rule". Commentary After the Meiji Restoration, the theory of unification of ritual and government increased, centering on Kokugaku scholars of the Hirata Atsutane school, which dedicated itself to the restoration of Shinto, and on July 8, 1869, a Missionary Office was established within the Department of Divinities. The Missionary Office was established, and Nakayama Tadayasu was appointed as the missionary director and Fukuha Yoshishige as the vice-director. Fukuha served as Ministry of Divinities, the de facto chief executive officer after the M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myōken
Myōken (, ; Chinese: 妙見菩薩 (Traditional) / 妙见菩萨 ( Simplified), ; Japanese: 妙見菩薩, ''Myōken Bosatsu''), also known as Sonjō-Ō (尊星王, "Venerable Star King", also ''Sonsei-Ō'' or ''Sonshō-Ō''), is a Buddhist deification of the North Star worshiped mainly in the Shingon, Tendai and Nichiren schools of Japanese Buddhism. Despite the alleged Sanskrit origin of his name and his bodhisattva status, Myōken is conspicuously absent from early Buddhist literature, with his name first appearing in apocryphal sutras of Chinese origin. He is thus thought to have originated from Taoist and folk beliefs regarding the northern pole star and/or the Big Dipper that had syncretized with Buddhism during the Tang dynasty. Indeed, despite being called 'bodhisattva' (''bosatsu''), the deity is actually more often classified as a deva. The cult of Myōken is believed to have been introduced to Japan around the 7th century by the '' toraijin'', immigrants from the Korea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shinto Taikyo
, also called Shintoism, is a religion originating in Japan. Classified as an East Asian religions, East Asian religion by Religious studies, scholars of religion, it is often regarded by its practitioners as Japan's indigenous religion and as a nature religion. Scholars sometimes call its practitioners ''Shintoists'', although adherents rarely use that term themselves. With no central authority in control of Shinto, there is much diversity of belief and practice evident among practitioners. A polytheism, polytheistic and animism, animistic religion, Shinto revolves around supernatural entities called the (神). The are believed to inhabit all things, including forces of nature and prominent landscape locations. The are worshipped at household shrines, family shrines, and Shinto shrine, ''jinja'' public shrines. The latter are staffed by priests, known as , who oversee offerings of food and drink to the specific enshrined at that location. This is done to cultivate harmony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Department Of Divinities
The , also known as the Department of Shinto Affairs, Department of Rites, Department of Worship, as well as Council of Divinities, was a Japanese Imperial bureaucracy established in the 8th century, as part of the reforms. It was first established under the Taihō Code which also established the . However, the and the ''Daijō-kan'' made their first appearance in the Asuka Kiyomihara Code. While the ''Daijō-kan'' handled secular administrative affairs of the country, the oversaw matters related to Shintō, particularly of ''kami'' worship. The general functions of the included overseeing ''kami''-related affairs at court, managing provincial shrines, performing rites for the , as well as coordinating the provinces' ritual practices with those in the capital based on a code called , which translates to "Code of Celestial and Terrestrial Deities" or "Code of Heavenly and Earthly Gods". While the department existed for almost a millennium, there are periods of time in Japanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
