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Tabirqo
Tabirqo was a king of Kush, ruling from Meroë in the first half of the 2nd century BCE. Tabirqo's name is known only from his tomb, Beg. N 9 in Meroë. Chronology and reconstructions Tabirqo's relationship with the king Adikhalamani, known from inscriptions at Philae from roughly the same time, has been variously reconstructed. No burial of Adikhalamani can be securely identified. George Andrew Reisner (1923) suggested that Tabirqo was a "funerary name" of Adikhalamani and that they were thus one and the same king. This identification has been maintained by some scholars, such as László Török (2015). Claude Rilly (2017) and Josefine Kuckertz (2021) instead proposed that Adikhalamani was the same king as (...)mr(...)t, a name fragmentarily preserved in the temporally close tomb Beg. N 8, and that Tabirqo was a distinct succeeding king. Under the earlier reconstruction (...)mr(...)t is seen as a separate king who succeeded Adikhalamani. Nahirqo Nahirqo is the name attributed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of Kush
The monarchs of Kush were the rulers of the ancient Kingdom of Kush (8th century BCE – 4th century CE), a major civilization in ancient Nubia (roughly corresponding to modern-day Sudan). Kushite power was centralised and unified over the course of the centuries following the collapse of the New Kingdom of Egypt , leading to the eventual establishment of the Kingdom of Kush under Alara of Kush, Alara . Kush reached the apex of its power –656 BCE, when the Kushite kings also ruled as the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt. The kingdom remained a powerful state in its heartland after Kushite rule in Egypt was terminated and it survived for another millennium until its collapse . Egyptian culture heavily influenced Kush in terms of its royal and monumental iconography, though indigenous elements were also used and became increasingly prominent in the Meroitic period (c. 270 BCE–350 CE). There are no preserved Kushite lists of rulers and the regnal sequence is instead largely reconstr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adikhalamani
Adikhalamani was a king of Kush, ruling from Meroë in the first half of the 2nd century BCE. Sources and chronology Adikhalamani's name is known only from inscriptions at the temple complex of Philae. Although no burial for Adikhalamani can be securely identified, he is conventionally attributed either Beg. N 8 or Beg. N 9, both located in Meroë and dating to the approximate time of Adikhalamani's reign. Beg. N 8 preserves the fragmentary name "(...)mr(...)t" and Beg. N 9 preserves the name "Tabirqo". László Török (2015) suggested that Tabirqo was a "funerary name" of Adikhalamani and that (...)mr(...)t was a distinct succeeding king. Josefine Kuckertz (2021) instead proposed that Adikhalamani and (...)mr(...)t were the same king and that Tabirqo was a distinct succeeding king. If Kuckertz's identification is accepted, Adikhalamani was the husband of Nahirqo, whose name is recorded in Beg. N 8 and who later ruled as the first queen regnant A queen regnant (: quee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nahirqo
Nahirqo is the name attributed to a Kushite queen regnant buried in pyramid Beg N. 11 in Meroë. Nahirqo is the earliest known woman to have ruled the Kingdom of Kush, reigning in the middle second century BC. Prior to her own reign, Nahirqo is believed to have been the queen consort of King Adikhalamani. The name Shanakdakhete was previously attributed to this queen, though re-assessments have demonstrated that Shanakdakhete reigned much later, in the first half of the first century AD. Sources and chronology Nahirqo's name is attested in pyramid Beg. N 8 at Meroë; this pyramid belongs to a king whose name is partially preserved as (...)mr(...)t. This king has been identified with Adikhalamani, who is also attested in inscriptions at Philae. Nahirqo was thus likely the wife of Adikhalamani. Pyramid Beg. N 11 at Meroë does not preserve the name of the ruler buried, though its iconography identifies the tomb as that of a female monarch. The later king Tanyidamani is conventi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyramids Of Meroe (Begarawiyah)
A pyramid () is a Nonbuilding structure, structure whose visible surfaces are triangular in broad outline and converge toward the top, making the appearance roughly a Pyramid (geometry), pyramid in the geometric sense. The base of a pyramid can be of any polygon shape, such as triangular or quadrilateral, and its surface-lines either filled or stepped. A pyramid has the majority of its mass closer to the ground with less mass towards the pyramidion at the Apex (geometry), apex. This is due to the gradual decrease in the cross-sectional area along the vertical axis with increasing elevation. This offers a weight distribution that allowed early civilizations to create monumental structures.Ancient Civilization, civilizations in many parts of the world pioneered the building of pyramids. The largest pyramid by volume is the Mesoamerican Great Pyramid of Cholula, in the Mexican state of Puebla. For millennia, the List of largest buildings in the world, largest structures on Earth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Kush
The Kingdom of Kush (; Egyptian language, Egyptian: 𓎡𓄿𓈙𓈉 ''kꜣš'', Akkadian language, Assyrian: ''Kûsi'', in LXX Χους or Αἰθιοπία; ''Ecōš''; ''Kūš''), also known as the Kushite Empire, or simply Kush, was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, centered along the Nile Valley in what is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt. The region of Nubia was an early cradle of civilization, producing several complex societies that engaged in trade and industry. The city-state of Kerma emerged as the dominant political force between 2450 and 1450 BC, controlling the Nile Valley between the first and fourth Cataracts of the Nile, cataracts, an area as large as Egypt. The Egyptians were the first to identify Kerma as "Kush" probably from the indigenous ethnonym "Kasu", over the next several centuries the two civilizations engaged in intermittent warfare, trade, and cultural exchange. Much of Nubia came under Egyptian rule during the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meroë
Meroë (; also spelled ''Meroe''; Meroitic: ; and ; ) was an ancient city on the east bank of the Nile about 6 km north-east of the Kabushiya station near Shendi, Sudan, approximately 200 km north-east of Khartoum. Near the site is a group of villages called Bagrawiyah (). This city was the capital of the Kingdom of Kush for several centuries from around 590 BC, until its collapse in the 4th century AD. The Kushitic Kingdom of Meroë gave its name to the "Island of Meroë", which was the modern region of Butana, a region bounded by the Nile (from the Atbarah River to Khartoum), the Atbarah and the Blue Nile. The city of Meroë was on the edge of Butana. There were two other Meroitic cities in Butana: Musawwarat es-Sufra and Naqa. The first of these sites was given the name Meroë by the Persian king Cambyses, in honor of his sister who was called by that name. The city had originally borne the ancient appellation ''Saba'', named after the country's original foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Andrew Reisner
George Andrew Reisner Jr. (November 5, 1867 – June 6, 1942) was an American archeologist of Ancient Egypt, Nubia and Palestine. Early life Reisner was born on November 5, 1867, in Indianapolis. His parents were George Andrew Reisner Sr. and Mary Elizabeth Mason. His father's parents were of German descent. Academic career Reisner began his studies at Harvard University in 1885. There he gained a B.A. degree in 1889, followed by a M.A. in 1891 and a Ph.D in Semitic Languages in 1893. With the support of his advisor, assyriologist David Gordon Lyon, he became a traveling fellow and started postdoctoral work in Berlin for three years. In Germany, Reisner studied hieroglyphics with Kurt Sethe and turned towards Egyptology as his main field. Reisner was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1914 and the American Philosophical Society in 1940. In 1889, Reisner was head football coach at Purdue University, coaching for one season and compiling a record of 2– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
László Török
László Török (13 May 1941 – 17 September 2020) was a Hungarian historian, archaeologist, and Egyptologist. His works on the ancient Coptic language, Ancient Egypt, ancient Nubia, and the Kingdom of Kush were highly regarded. He was a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Biography Török studied architecture at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, graduating in 1964. In 1968, he earned a doctoral degree in architectural history. From 1971 to 1972, he studied coptology at Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest. From 1981 to 1984, Török headed the department of Roman archaeology at the Archaeological Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He also served as an honorary professor of Egyptology, starting in 1991. He became a full-fledged professor in 1992. Török was best known for his publications on ancient Nubia. He became a foreign member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters in 1995. He was given an honorary doctorate from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Rilly
Claude Rilly (born November 4, 1959) is a French linguist, Egyptologist, and archaeologist at the French National Centre for Scientific Research who primarily specializes in Meroitic and Nilo-Saharan languages. He is professor at the École pratique des hautes études since 2019. He is also the Director of the French Archaeological Mission in Sedeinga, Sudan. In 2003, he received a PhD in Egyptology and Linguistics. His doctoral advisor was Pascal Vernus. Linguistics Rilly proposed the Northern Eastern Sudanic languages The Northern Eastern Sudanic, Eastern ''k'' Sudanic, ''Ek'' Sudanic, NNT or Astaboran languages may form a primary division of the proposed Eastern Sudanic family. They are characterised by having a / k/ in the first person singular pronoun "I/m ... in 2010. References External links *La langue du royaume de Méroé' (in French) Living people 1959 births Linguists of Nilo-Saharan languages Linguists from France French archaeologists French Egypt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
