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Sumahadi
Sumahadi (8 November 19432 March 2019) was an Indonesian forester who served as the Minister of Forestry and Plantations in Suharto's last cabinet, the Seventh Development Cabinet. He was a career bureaucrat in the Department of Forestry, serving in a number of prominent positions in the department such as the Director General of Reforestation and Land Rehabilitation from 1993 to 1995 and Director General of Forest Inventarization and Land Use from 1995 to 1998. Early life and education Born in Pekalongan on 8 November 1943, Sumahadi completed high school at his birthplace before pursuing higher education at the Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University (UGM). Notably, Sumahadi was the only student in his cohort to graduate without submitting a traditional thesis, as his “management practice report” was deemed equivalent by his advisor, Soedarwono. Sumahadi later continued his studies at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran, receiving his Master of Business Administration i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seventh Development Cabinet
The Seventh Development Cabinet () was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Suharto and Vice President B. J. Habibie from 16 March 1998 to 21 May 1998. The term of this cabinet was supposed to end in March 2003, but due to student demonstrations and mass riots in 1998 due to the economic crisis that hit Indonesia, which led to Soeharto's resignation from his position on 21 May 1998 and the appointment of Vice President B. J. Habibie as the new president, this cabinet became a resigned cabinet. As its replacement, the Indonesian government was continued by the Development Reform Cabinet . The cabinet was formed in the midst of the Asian financial crisis and after Suharto was elected to a 7th term as president by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). It was a controversial cabinet where Suharto displayed his nepotism by appointing Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana as Minister of Social Affairs and gave Bob Hasan, a crony, the position of Minister of Industry and Trade. Wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suharto
Suharto (8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian Officer (armed forces), military officer and politician, and dictator, who was the second and longest serving president of Indonesia, serving from 1967 to 1998. His 32 years rule, characterised as authoritarian and kleptocratic, was marked by widespread corruption, political repression, and human rights abuses. Suharto's regime Fall of Suharto, ultimately collapsed in 1998 amid May 1998 riots of Indonesia, mass protests, violent unrest, and the fallout of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, leading to his resignation. Suharto was born in Kemusuk, near the city of Yogyakarta, during the Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonial era. He grew up in humble circumstances. His Javanese people, Javanese Muslim parents divorced not long after his birth, and he lived with foster parents for much of his childhood. During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese occupation, Suharto served in the Japanese-organized Indones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loincloth
A loincloth is a one-piece garment, either wrapped around itself or kept in place by a belt. It covers the genitals and sometimes the buttocks. Loincloths which are held up by belts or strings are specifically known as breechcloth or breechclout.U.S. National Park Service Retrieved on 2009-12-22. . Retrieved on 2009-12-22. Often, the flaps hang down in front and back. History and types [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Pekalongan
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Civil Servants
Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to: * Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia ** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of local inhabitants of the archipelago ** Indonesian women, overview of women's history and contemporary situations * Indonesian language (Indonesian: ''Bahasa Indonesia''), the official language of Indonesia ** Indonesian languages, overview of some of the 700 languages spoken in Indonesia ** Indonesian names, customs reflecting the multicultural and polyglot nature of Indonesia * Indonesian culture, a complex of indigenous customs and foreign influences ** Indonesian art, various artistic expressions and artworks in the archipelago ** Indonesian cinema, a struggling and developing industry ** Indonesian literature, literature from Indonesia and Southeast Asia with shared language roots ** Indonesian music, hundreds of forms of traditional and contemporary music ** Indonesian philosophy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foresters
A forester is a person who practises forest management and forestry, the science, art, and profession of managing forests. Foresters engage in a broad range of activities including Restoration ecology, ecological restoration and management of Protected forest, protected areas. Foresters manage forests to provide a variety of objectives including direct extraction of Forest product, raw material, outdoor recreation, conservation, hunting and aesthetics. Emerging Forest management, management practices include managing forestlands for biodiversity, carbon sequestration and air quality. Foresters work for the timber industry, government agencies, Conservation group, conservation groups, local authorities, Urban area, urban parks boards, citizens' associations, and private Landowner, landowners. The forestry profession includes a wide diversity of jobs, with educational requirements ranging from college bachelor's degrees to PhDs for highly specialized work. Industrial foresters pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2019 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 Births
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 – WWII: Greek-Polish athlete and saboteur Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz is executed by the Germans at Kaisariani. * January 10 – WWII: Guadalcanal campaign, Guadalcanal Campaign: American forces of the 2nd Marine Division and the 25th Infantry Division (United States), 25th Infantry Division begin their assaults on the Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse#Galloping Horse, Galloping Horse and Sea Horse on Guadalcanal. Meanwhile, the Japanese Seventeenth Army (Japan), 17th Army makes plans to abandon the island and after fierce resistance withdraws to the west coast of Guadalcanal. * January 11 ** The United States and United Kingdom revise previously unequal treaty relationships with the Republic of China (1912–194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orders, Decorations, And Medals Of Indonesia
Awards and decorations of the Republic of Indonesia are both military and civilian awards for service and personal contributions to the Indonesia, Republic of Indonesia. According to the Constitution of Indonesia, Chapter III Article 15: ''"The President grants titles, decorations and other honors as regulated by Law"''. Refer to Law no. 20/2009, there are three types of awards; the title of National Hero of Indonesia, Mark of Service () and Mark of Prestige (). Mark of Service consist of (pentagon-shaped decoration medal), while Mark of Prestige consists of Stars of the Republic of Indonesia (star-shaped decoration medal), ''Satyalancana'' (round-shaped decoration medal), and ''Samkaryanugraha'' (distinction trophy). All of the awards and decorations of the Republic of Indonesia are awarded to individuals of Indonesian citizenship and may be awarded to foreign nationals, except for the ''Samkaryanugraha'' which is awarded to institutions or organizations. Names of the awards a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
