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Sloopers
The sobriquet "Slooper" refers to the 52 Norwegians who Immigration to the United States, traveled to the United States in 1825 aboard the sloop ''Restauration (ship), Restauration''.''About Restauration'' (Restauration Friendship Society)
Within the first 100 years, the Slooper community numbered at least 1,000 persons.


History

The Sloopers came from Stavanger, Norway, to the U.S. in 1825 due to a variety of the circumstances. The director of the expedition and the chief owner of the boat was Lars Larson i Jeilane; the captain was Lars Olsen. The company consisted of 52 persons, all but one being natives of Stavanger and vicinity; the one exception was the mate, Nels Erikson, who came from Bergen, Norway.
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Restauration (ship)
''Restauration'' was a sloop built in 1801, in Hardanger, Norway. It became a symbol of Norwegian Americans, Norwegian American immigration. Historical sources may contain several variations on the name of the sloop, including ''Restauration'', ''Restoration'', ''Restaurasjonen'', and ''Restorasjon''. History On what is considered the first organized emigration from Norway to the United States, ''Restauration'' set sail from Stavanger on July 4, 1825, with 52 people aboard, many of them Norwegian Quakers. Probably many of this group belonged to a similar local movement, the Haugeans, a Lutheran sect which derived its name from Hans Nielsen Hauge. The group, led by Cleng Peerson, landed in New York City on October 9, 1825, after a three-month voyage. The voyage is described in Ole Rynning's ''Amerika-boka'' (The America Book, 1838). For a vessel of her size ''Restauration'' had far more passengers on board than were allowed by American law. This resulted in a severe fine, confis ...
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Cleng Peerson
Cleng Peerson (17 May 1783 – 16 December 1865) was a Norwegian emigrant to the United States; his voyage in 1824 was the precursor for the boat load of 52 Norwegian emigrants in the following year. That boat load was a precursor for the main wave of Norwegian immigration to the United States. He was a Norwegian-American pioneer and "Sloopers, Slooper" who led the first group of Norwegians to emigrate to the United States, traveling on the Norwegian sloop ''Restauration (ship), Restauration''. Background Cleng Peerson was born Klein Pedersen near the community of Tysvær in the county of Rogaland, Norway. His parents were Peder Larsson (1755–1841) and Inger Sjursdotter (1744–1814). Cleng Peerson grew up on the farm Hesthammar in Tysvær, but was born on the farm Lervik in the same district. In 1821, he first traveled to the United States at the request of a religious community in Stavanger. This community was made up principally of Quakers, together with Haugeans, both gro ...
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Fox River Settlement
The Fox River Settlement was the first permanent Norwegian American, Norwegian-American immigrant settlement in the Midwestern United States, Midwest.''Norwegian Settlers Memorial'' (Illinois Historic Preservation Agency)
It was located in La Salle County, Illinois in Mission Township, LaSalle County, Illinois, Mission and Miller Township, LaSalle County, Illinois, Miller Townships, with a part of Rutland Township, LaSalle County, Illinois, Rutland Township. Opinions differ as to when they first arrived at the Fox River Settlement with some writers fixing 1835 as the year, Knud Langeland claiming it was 1836, and Prof. Rasmus B. Anderson arguing that it was 1834. The Norwegian ...
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Sobriquet
A sobriquet ( ) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may become more familiar than the original name. An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit). The term ''sobriquet'' is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the " Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple". Etymology The modern French and English spelling is . Two earlier variants are and . The first variant, "soubriquet", dates from the 15th century and is rarely used now, in English or French. The early 14th-century ''soubzsbriquez'' meant a "little blow under the chin" in French, also described as a chuck under the ch ...
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New York City
New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive with a respective county. The city is the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States by both population and urban area. New York is a global center of finance and commerce, culture, technology, entertainment and media, academics, and scientific output, the arts and fashion, and, as home to the headquarters of the United Nations, international diplomacy. With an estimated population in 2024 of 8,478,072 distributed over , the city is the most densely populated major city in the United States. New York City has more than double the population of Los Angeles, the nation's second-most populous city.
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Erie Township, Michigan
Erie Township is a civil township of Monroe County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,299 at the 2020 census. Sharing a southern border with the city of Toledo, Ohio, about southwest of the city of Detroit, the township is one of the southernmost areas included in the Detroit–Warren–Ann Arbor Combined Statistical Area (Metro Detroit). The township was organized in 1827 and is the southeasternmost municipality in the state of Michigan. The city of Luna Pier is mostly surrounded by the township, but the two are administered autonomously since Luna Pier incorporated as a city in 1963. History Erie was started in 1790 by Métis people moving south from Monroe. Early on, a log church named St. Joseph sur la Baie Miami was built here. Father Gabriel Richard often conducted mass here. The township was officially organized as one of the first five townships in Monroe County, Michigan Territory, in 1827. The township was originally much larger and included the ...
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Michigan
Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, Indiana and Illinois to the southwest, Ohio to the southeast, and the Canadian Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Ontario to the east, northeast and north. With a population of 10.14 million and an area of , Michigan is the List of U.S. states and territories by population, 10th-largest state by population, the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 11th-largest by area, and the largest by total area east of the Mississippi River.''i.e.'', including water that is part of state territory. Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia is the largest state by land area alone east of the Mississippi and Michigan the second-largest. The state capital is Lansing, Michigan, Lansing, while its most populous city is Detroit. The Metro Detroit r ...
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Ryfylke
Ryfylke is a Districts of Norway, traditional district in the northeastern part of Rogaland county, Norway. The district, encompassing about 60% of the county's area is located northeast of Stavanger and east of Haugesund. It includes the mainland, which is northeast and east of the Boknafjorden and east of the Høgsfjorden. It also consists of the islands on the south side of the Boknafjorden. To the east, Ryfylke borders the districts of Setesdal and Sirdal, to the south is Jæren, and to the west is Haugalandet. Ryfylke is one of the 15 districts in Western Norway. Ryfylke comprises the contemporary municipalities of Sauda, Suldal, Hjelmeland, Strand, Norway, Strand, Kvitsøy, the eastern island portion of Stavanger, the Forsand part of Sandnes, and eastern Gjesdal. There are no large cities in Ryfylke, but there are two large towns, Sauda (town), Sauda and Jørpeland. Scenic attractions include the Lysefjord with the mountains of Preikestolen ("Pulpit Rock") and Kjerag. Th ...
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Tysvær
Tysvær is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Rogaland Counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is part of the Haugalandet Districts of Norway, region. The municipality is located on the Haugalandet peninsula on the northern side of the Boknafjorden, just east of the towns of Kopervik and Haugesund (town), Haugesund. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Aksdal. Other villages in the municipality include Dueland, Rogaland, Dueland, Førre, Grinde, Rogaland, Grinde, Hervik, Hindaråvåg, Nedstrand, Skjoldastraumen, Susort, Tysvær (village), Tysvær, and Yrke. The European route E39 highway and European route E134 highways traverse the municipality with their junction located at Aksdal in Tysvær. The Frekasund Bridge on the E39 highway connects the mainland of Tysvær to the island municipality of Bokn to the south. The Karmøy Tunnel connects Tysvær to the town of Kopervik in neighboring Karmøy municipality. The municipality is the 23 ...
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Morris County, New Jersey
Morris County is a County (United States), county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey, about west of New York City. According to the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the county was the state's List of counties in New Jersey, tenth-most populous county,Table1. New Jersey Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships: 2020 and 2010 Censuses
New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
with a population of 509,285, its highest United States census, decennial count ever and an increase of 17,009 (+3.5%) from the 2010 United States census, 2010 census count of 492,276,
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Le Havre
Le Havre is a major port city in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy (administrative region), Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the right bank of the estuary of the Seine, river Seine on the English Channel, Channel southwest of the Pays de Caux, very close to the Prime Meridian (Greenwich), Prime Meridian. Le Havre is the most populous commune of Upper Normandy, although the total population of the greater Le Havre conurbation is smaller than that of Rouen. It is also the second largest subprefecture in France, after only Reims. The name ''Le Havre'' means "the harbour" or "the port". Its inhabitants are known as ''Havrais'' or ''Havraises''. The city and Port of Le Havre, port were founded by Francis I of France, King Francis I in 1517. Economic development in the early modern period was hampered by European wars of religion, religious wars, conflicts with the English, epidemics, and storms. It was from the end of the 18th century that Le Havre st ...
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Hamburg
Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-largest in the European Union with a population of over 1.9 million. The Hamburg Metropolitan Region has a population of over 5.1 million and is the List of EU metropolitan areas by GDP, eighth-largest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union. At the southern tip of the Jutland Peninsula, Hamburg stands on the branching River Elbe at the head of a estuary to the North Sea, on the mouth of the Alster and Bille (Elbe), Bille. Hamburg is one of Germany's three city-states alongside Berlin and Bremen (state), Bremen, and is surrounded by Schleswig-Holstein to the north and Lower Saxony to the south. The Port of Hamburg is Germany's largest and Europe's List of busiest ports in Europe, third-largest, after Port of Rotterdam, Rotterda ...
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