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Skrjabinoptera Phrynosoma
''Skrjabinoptera phrynosoma'' is a parasitic worm in the phylum Nematoda, the most diverse of pseudocoelomates. Like many other parasites, the life cycle of ''S. phrynosoma'' is complicated and it involves two hosts – a lizard (e.g.: the desert horned lizard The desert horned lizard (''Phrynosoma platyrhinos'') is a species of phrynosomatid lizard native to western North America. They are often referred to as "horny toads", although they are not toads, but lizards. Description There are several imp ... ''Phrynosoma platyrhinos'' or the Texas horned lizard ''Phrynosoma cornutum'') and an ant. The interesting aspect of the life cycle of ''S. phrynosoma'' is that the parasitic worm adjusts its life cycle to that of both the ant and the lizard. During the middle of the mating season of the desert horned lizard ''Phrynosoma platyrhinos'', the female worm is already filled with the greatest number of eggs it can contain in itself. At the same time, the number of the ants acti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nematoda
The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant-parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broad range of environments. Less formally, they are categorized as Helminths, but are taxonomically classified along with arthropods, tardigrades and other moulting animals in the clade Ecdysozoa, and unlike flatworms, have tubular digestive systems with openings at both ends. Like tardigrades, they have a reduced number of Hox genes, but their sister phylum Nematomorpha has kept the ancestral protostome Hox genotype, which shows that the reduction has occurred within the nematode phylum. Nematode species can be difficult to distinguish from one another. Consequently, estimates of the number of nematode species described to date vary by author and may change rapidly over time. A 2013 survey of animal biodiversity published in the mega jou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secernentea
Secernentea was a class of nematodes in the Classical Phylogeny System (Chitwood, 1958) and is no longer in use. This morphological-based classification system has been replaced by the Modern Phylogeny system, where taxonomy assignment is based on small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA). Characteristics of Secernentea are: * Amphid apertures are pore/slit-like * Derids are present in some; located near nerve ring * Phasmids are present; posterior * Excretory system is tubular * Cuticle is striated in two to four layers; lateral field is present * Three esophageal glands; esophageal structure varies * Males generally have one testis * Caudal alae are common * Sensory papillae are cephalic only; may be caudal papillae in males * Mostly terrestrial * Rarely found in fresh or marine water Systematics Subclasses and orders of Secernentea are:Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) (2002)Nematoda. Version of January 1, 2002. Retrieved November 2, 2008. * Subclass Rhabditia (paraphyletic?) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spirurida
Spirurida is an order of spirurian nematodes. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. Some Spirurida, like the genus '' Gongylonema'', can cause disease in humans. One such disease is a skin infection with Spirurida larvae, called " creeping disease". Some species are known as eyeworms and infect the orbital cavity of animal hosts. Systematics The Camallanida are sometimes included herein as a suborder, and the Drilonematida are sometimes placed here as a superfamily. There are doubts about the internal systematics of the Spirurida, and some groups placed herein might belong to other spirurian or even secernentean lineages.ToL (2002) The following superfamilies are at least provisionally placed in the Spirurida: * Acuarioidea * Aproctoidea * Diplotriaenoidea * Filarioidea * Gnathostomatoidea * Habronematoidea Habronematoidea is a superfamily of spirurian nematodes in the large order Spirurida. Like all nematodes, they have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalopteridae
Physalopteridae is a family of spirurian nematodes,Railliet, A. (1893). Traité de Zoologie Médicale et Agricole. Deuxième Édition. Asselin et Houzeau, Paris which belongs to the superfamily Physalopteroidea. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. The Physalopteridae include species which are parasitic in various vertebrates. Systematics The family includes: Bezerra, T.N.; Decraemer, W.; Eisendle-Flöckner, U.; Holovachov, O.; Leduc, D.; Miljutin, D.; Sharma, J.; Smol, N.; Tchesunov, A.; Mokievsky, V.; Venekey, V.; Vanreusel, A. (2018). NeMys: World Database of Free-Living Marine Nematodes. Physalopteridae Railliet, 1893. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=22839 on 2018-08-06 * Subfamily Physalopterinae Railliet, 1893 ** Genus ''Physaloptera'' Rudolphi, 1819 ** Genus ''Abbreviata'' Travassos, 1920 * Subfamily Proleptinae Schulz, 1927 ** Genus '' Rasheedia'' Mora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Zoology
The ''Journal of Zoology'' is a scientific journal concerning zoology, the study of animals. It was founded in 1830 by the Zoological Society of London and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. It carries original research papers, which are targeted towards general readers. Some of the articles are available via open access, depending on the author's wishes. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2020 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a scientometric index calculated by Clarivate that reflects the yearly mean number of citations of articles published in the last two years in a given journal, as ... of 2.322, ranking it 36th out of 175 journals in the category "Zoology". From around 1833, it was known as the ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' (). From 1965 to 1984, it was known as the ''Journal of Zoology: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' (). See also * List o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biological Life Cycle
In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle or lifecycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the starting state. "The concept is closely related to those of the life history, development and ontogeny, but differs from them in stressing renewal." Transitions of form may involve growth, asexual reproduction, or sexual reproduction. In some organisms, different "generations" of the species succeed each other during the life cycle. For plants and many algae, there are two multicellular stages, and the life cycle is referred to as alternation of generations. The term life history is often used, particularly for organisms such as the red algae which have three multicellular stages (or more), rather than two.Dixon, P.S. 1973. ''Biology of the Rhodophyta.'' Oliver & Boyd. Life cycles that include sexual reproduction involve alternating haploid (''n'') and diploid (2''n'') stages, i.e., a change of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desert Horned Lizard
The desert horned lizard (''Phrynosoma platyrhinos'') is a species of Phrynosomatidae, phrynosomatid lizard native to western North America. They are often referred to as "horny toads", although they are not toads, but lizards. Description There are several important characteristics that can be used to identify desert horned lizards from other horned lizards. Horned lizards can be distinguished from other lizards by the large pointed scales that protrude from the back of their heads, giving them the appearance of having horns, as well as the flat and broad shape of their bodies. This species of lizard has a distinctive flat body with one row of fringe scales down the sides. They are a medium sized lizard and can grow up to approximately 3.75 inches or 95mm in size. They have one row of slightly enlarged scales on each side of the throat. Colours can vary and generally blend in with the color of the surrounding soil, but they usually have a beige, tan, or reddish dorsum (biology) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texas Horned Lizard
The Texas horned lizard (''Phrynosoma cornutum'') is one of about 14 North American species of spikey-bodied reptiles called horned lizards, all belonging the genus ''Phrynosoma''. It occurs in south-central regions of the US and northeastern Mexico, as well as several isolated introduced records and populations from Southern United States. Though some populations are stable, severe population declines have occurred in many areas of Texas and Oklahoma. The Texas spiny lizard (''Sceloporus olivaceus'') may be confused for a Texas horned lizard due to its appearance and overlapping habitat. Etymology The horned lizard is popularly called a "horned toad", "horny toad", or "horned frog", but it is neither a toad nor a frog. The popular names come from the lizard's rounded body and blunt snout, which give it a decidedly batrachian appearance. ''Phrynosoma'' literally means "toad-bodied" and ''cornutum'' means "horned".Manaster, p. 2 The lizard's horns are extensions of its crani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Parasitology
The ''Journal of Parasitology'' is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on parasites published bimonthly by Allen Press on behalf of the American Society of Parasitologists. Content includes research articles, brief research notes, announcements of the society, and book reviews. It was founded and edited by Henry Baldwin Ward in 1914. History In 1911, Charles C. Stiles and Brayton H. Ransom at the Bureau of Animal Industry in Washington, D.C., promulgated the need for parasitology journal in America. They asked Henry Baldwin Ward, at the time professor of zoology at the University of Illinois, to initiate the production. The name of the journal was proposed as ''The American Journal of Parasitology'', which George H. Simmons, secretary and editor for the ''Journal of the American Medical Association'' changed as the ''Journal of Parasitology'' as he felt that it would have more international recognition. Ward, as the owner and managing editor, released the first issue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Journal Of Parasitology
The ''Journal of Parasitology'' is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on parasites published bimonthly by Allen Press on behalf of the American Society of Parasitologists. Content includes research articles, brief research notes, announcements of the society, and book reviews. It was founded and edited by Henry Baldwin Ward in 1914. History In 1911, Charles C. Stiles and Brayton H. Ransom at the Bureau of Animal Industry in Washington, D.C., promulgated the need for parasitology journal in America. They asked Henry Baldwin Ward, at the time professor of zoology at the University of Illinois, to initiate the production. The name of the journal was proposed as ''The American Journal of Parasitology'', which George H. Simmons, secretary and editor for the ''Journal of the American Medical Association'' changed as the ''Journal of Parasitology'' as he felt that it would have more international recognition. Ward, as the owner and managing editor, released the first iss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
