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Sino-International Library
The Sino-International Library (original name in French: , or ''BSI''; ) was a Chinese library and cultural agency active from 1932 to 1950 in Geneva, Switzerland, and from 1951 to 1993 in Montevideo, Uruguay. The BSI aimed at bettering the knowledge of Chinese life and culture around the world. Its holdings included up to 200'000 volumes, as well as special materials such as paintings, calligraphies, photographs, children's drawings and artefacts such as costumes and musical instruments. The BSI organized many events, in Geneva, in other European cities, and later in Montevideo: art exhibitions, conferences, courses and film screenings. It published two periodicals: ''Orient et Occident'' (1934-1936) and ''La Chine Illustrée'' (China Illustrated, China Illustriert, 中國畫報 1935-1937) as well as various monographs. In 1950, at the Foundation of the People's Republic of China, the BSI was integrally transported to Montevideo, and deposited at the Biblioteca Nacional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geneva
Geneva ( , ; ) ; ; . is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the capital of the Canton of Geneva, Republic and Canton of Geneva, and a centre for international diplomacy. Geneva hosts the highest number of International organization, international organizations in the world, and has been referred to as the world's most compact metropolis and the "Peace Capital". Geneva is a global city, an international financial centre, and a worldwide centre for diplomacy hosting the highest number of international organizations in the world, including the headquarters of many agencies of the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross, ICRC and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, IFRC of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, Red Cross. In the aftermath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Avenol
Joseph Louis Anne Marie Charles Avenol (; 9 June 1879 – 2 September 1952) was a French diplomat. He served as the second Secretary General of the League of Nations from 3 July 1933 to 31 August 1940. He was preceded by Sir Eric Drummond of the United Kingdom, who was general secretary between 1920 and 1933. He was succeeded by the Irish diplomat Seán Lester, who was general secretary between 1940 and 1946, when the League dissolved.James Barros, ''Betrayal from Within: Joseph Avenol, Secretary-General of the League of Nations, 1933-1940'' (1969). League of Nations Avenol was sent to the League of Nations from the French Treasury Department in 1922 to handle the League's finances. He was under secretary-general in 1933, when Eric Drummond resigned. He became secretary-general because the first secretary-general had been British and there had been a private agreement at Versailles that the next would be French. Avenol was accused of using the League as an extension of the Fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hu Shih
Hu Shih ( zh, t=胡適; 17 December 189124 February 1962) was a Chinese academic, writer, and politician. Hu contributed to Chinese liberalism and language reform, and was a leading advocate for the use of written vernacular Chinese. He participated in the May Fourth Movement and China's New Culture Movement. He was a president of Peking University and Academia Sinica. Hu was the editor of the '' Free China Journal'', which was shut down for criticizing Chiang Kai-shek. In 1919, he also criticized Li Dazhao. Hu advocated that the world adopt Western-style democracy. Moreover, Hu criticized Sun Yat-sen's claim that people are incapable of self-rule. Hu criticized the Nationalist government for betraying the ideal of Constitutionalism in ''The Outline of National Reconstruction''. Hu wrote many essays questioning the political legitimacy of Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party. Specifically, Hu said that the autocratic dictatorship system of the CCP was "un-Chinese" a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiao Shuxian
Xiao Shuxian (Simplified Chinese: 萧淑娴; Traditional Chinese: 蕭淑嫻; Pinyin: Xiāo Shúxián; sometimes spelled Hsiao Shu-sien) (April 4, 1905 – November 26, 1991) was a Chinese composer and music educator. Life Xiao was born in Tianjin into a highly cultural Chinese family, some of her relatives were known people in Chinese history. After a period of music studying in China, she went to the Royal Conservatory at Brussels, winning a prize there in 1932. From 1935 to 1954 she was married to Hermann Scherchen, a conductor; their daughter, Tona Scherchen, became a composer. Xiao spent 14 years working in Switzerland, where she helped to promote Chinese culture with her music and writing. Her 1938 ''Chinese Children's Suite'' for voice and piano was among the first works by a Chinese composer to become known in the West, as was her suite for orchestra, ''Huainian Zuguo'' (''A Commemoration of My Homeland''). In 1950, motivated by a desire to help her homeland's developme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Love And Duty (1931 Film)
''Love and Duty'' is a 1931 Chinese silent film, directed by Bu Wancang and starring Ruan Lingyu and Jin Yan. Long considered lost, it was accidentally rediscovered in Uruguay in the 1990s, and was almost immediately hailed as one of the greatest Chinese silent films. Like many such films, it has both Chinese and English intertitles. Ruan Lingyu portrays two different characters in the film: the mother, Yang Nei Fang, and Huang Koon Ying, Nei Fang's daughter. For shared scenes, split screen technology is used to make both characters appear. Production history The film is based on a novel, ''Love and Duty'', by a Polish expatriate, S. Horose, who had given the English version of her novel, ''La symphonie des ombres Chinouses'', to Lo Ming Yau, the producer of the film. The producer thought that this novel, with its sophisticated plot, should be adapted to be filmed. However, he did not have enough resources. After eight years and the appearance of the United Photoplay Servic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pestalozzianum
Stiftung Pestalozzianum is a foundation based in Zürich named after the Swiss education pioneer Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. Formerly named Pestalozzianum, between 1875 and 2002 it operated with the objective to promote the school teacher's instruction and postgraduate training. In 2003 it was renamed Stiftung Pestalozzianum, as its education-oriented objectives were integrated in the new model of university-like colleges (''Fachhochschule'') which were introduced in Switzerland in 2002. History and objectives Pestalozzianum emerged from a decision of the school association of the city of Zürich from 2 February 1875, to establish a Swiss permanent school exhibition with adjacent museum. Enhanced with a specialized library and a reading room, the collection should present the entire teaching aids offered in Switzerland. For the Swiss teachers day 1878 in Zürich, an exhibition about the life and work of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi was held, which was later set up in the so-called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Complete Classics Collection Of Ancient China
The ''Complete Classics Collection of Ancient China'' (or the ''Gujin Tushu Jicheng'') is a vast encyclopedic work written in China during the reigns of the Qing dynasty emperors Kangxi and Yongzheng. It was begun in 1700 and completed in 1725. The work was headed and compiled mainly by scholar Chen Menglei (). Later on the Chinese painter Jiang Tingxi helped work on it as well. The encyclopaedia contained 10,000 volumes. Sixty-four imprints were made of the first edition, known as the Wu-ying Hall edition. The encyclopaedia consisted of 6 series, 32 divisions, and 6,117 sections. It contained 800,000 pages and over 100 million Chinese characters, making it the largest leishu ever printed. Topics covered included natural phenomena, geography, history, literature and government. The work was printed in 1726 using copper movable type printing. It spanned around 10 thousand rolls (). To illustrate the huge size of the ''Complete Classics Collection of Ancient China'', it is esti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palais Wilson
The Palais Wilson (Wilson Palace) in Geneva, Switzerland, is the current headquarters of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. It was also the headquarters of the League of Nations from 1 November 1920 until that body moved its premises to the Palais des Nations on 17 February 1936, which was constructed between 1929 and 1938, also in Geneva. In 1924, the building was named after U.S. president Woodrow Wilson, who was instrumental to the foundation of the League of Nations. The treaty bodies also hold their sessions in the Palais Wilson. In 1932, a glass annex was built to host the 1932 Conference on Disarmament. The Secretariat of the International Bureau of Education occupied the building from 1937 to 1984. The annex was destroyed in a fire in 1987. The building, located on the western side of Lake Geneva Lake Geneva is a deep lake on the north side of the Alps, shared between Switzerland and France. It is one of the List of largest lake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cologny
Cologny () is a municipality in the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland. History Cologny is first mentioned in 1208 as ''Colognier''. The oldest trace of a settlement in the area is a Neolithic lake side village which was discovered near the village of La Belotte. The Lake Geneva area was conquered by the Roman Republic in the 2nd century BC. The Romans built a road from Corsier through the Cologny area to Frontenex during their centuries old rule of the region. During the Middle Ages, it was part of the lands of the Counts of Geneva, before it was acquired by the Bishopric of Geneva. The village church of Saint Peter was placed under the parish of Vandœuvres in 1406, indicating that it was probably built before the 15th century. In 1536, Cologny joined the new faith of the Protestant Reformation as nearby Geneva became a center of reform. Two years later, in May 1538 a treaty between Bern and Geneva placed Cologny in the city of Geneva. In the late 16th century and into the 17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Montalègre, Bibliothèque Sino-Internationale
A château (, ; plural: châteaux) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowadays, a ''château'' may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the Bordeaux wine regions, Bordeaux region of France. Definition The word château is a French word that has entered the English language, where its meaning is more specific than it is in French. The French word ''château'' denotes buildings as diverse as a medieval fortress, a Renaissance palace and a fine 19th-century country house. Care should therefore be taken when translating the French word ''château'' into English, noting the nature of the building in question. Most French châteaux are "palaces" or fine "English country house, country houses" rather than "castles", an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
