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Simeon I Of Armenia
Simeon I of Yerevan or Simeon Yerevantsi (; 1710 – July 26, 1780) was the Catholicos of All Armenians (head of the Armenian Church) from 1763 to 1780. In 1771 he founded a printing press at the Etchmiadzin Cathedral, the first in Armenia. According to historian Rouben Paul Adalian, the pontificate of Simeon I of Yerevan marked the reemergence of Etchmiadzin as a "truly important center of Armenian national affairs". Biography Simeon I was born in 1710 in Yerevan Yerevan ( , , ; ; sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia, as well as one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerev ..., then under Safavid dynasty, Safavid Iranian rule. According to his contemporaries and 19th-century sources, his family was of noble origin. He received his education at the monastic school in Etchmiadzin, where he studied with his predecessor as catholicos, Hakob V Shama ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Orthography Reform
The Armenian orthography reform occurred between 1922 and 1924 in Soviet Armenia and was partially revised in 1940. Its main features "were the neutralization of classical, etymological writing and the adjustment of phonetic realization and writing." The original orthography is now known as the classical orthography ( ''dasakan uġġagrut'yun'') and is sometimes referred to as ''Mashtotsian orthography'' (), after Mesrop Mashtots, who invented the Armenian alphabet in 405 AD. This reform is not to be confused with the 13th-century alphabet extension introducing letters and . Acceptance and evaluation Today it is the officially used orthography for the Armenian language in Armenia, and widely used by Armenian communities in Georgia and Russia. It was rejected by the Armenian diaspora, most of which speak Western Armenian, including the Armenian communities in Iran, which also speak Eastern Armenian and still use the classical orthography of the Armenian alphabet. While some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahamir Shahamirian
Shahamir Shahamirian (; 1723–1797) was an 18th-century Armenian writer, philosopher, and wealthy merchant in Madras (modern-day Chennai, India). Born in New Julfa, Iran, he moved to India where he became an affluent merchant and an active member of the Armenian community of Madras. In 1771, Shahamirian and his collaborators founded the first Armenian printing press in Madras. In 1787/88, Shahamirian published ("Snare of Glory," published under the name of his son Hakob Shahamirian), which contained a proposed constitution for a future independent Armenian republic. He is thus regarded as the author of the first Armenian constitution. Biography Shahamir Shahamirian was born in 1723 in the Armenian-populated town of New Julfa in Iran. In the 1740s, he went to join his father Sultan David in Madras, India, which was already home to a prominent Armenian community. He became the wealthiest Armenian in Madras after inheriting his uncle's fortune. One of Shahamirian's closest collabo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Armenians
Iranian Armenians (; ), also known as Persian Armenians (; ), are Iranians of Armenian ethnicity who may speak Armenian as their first language. Estimates of their number in Iran range from 70,000 to 500,000. Areas with a high concentration of them include Tabriz, Tehran, Salmas and New Julfa, Isfahan. Armenians have lived for millennia in the territory that forms modern-day Iran. Many of the oldest Armenian churches, monasteries, and chapels are in Iran. Iranian Armenia (1502–1828), which includes what is now the Armenian Republic, was part of Qajar Iran up to 1828. Iran had one of the largest populations of Armenians in the world, alongside the neighbouring Ottoman Empire until the beginning of the 20th century. Armenians were influential and active in modernizing Iran during the 19th and 20th centuries. After the Iranian Revolution, many Armenians emigrated to Armenian diasporic communities in North America and Western Europe. Today, the Armenians are Iran's largest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholicoi Of Armenia
The Catholicos of All Armenians () is the chief bishop and spiritual leader of Armenia's national church, the Armenian Apostolic Church, and the worldwide Armenian diaspora. The Armenian Catholicos (plural Catholicoi) is also known as the Armenian Pontiff (Վեհափառ, ''Vehapar'' or Վեհափառ Հայրապետ, ''Vehapar Hayrapet'') and by other titles. According to tradition, the apostles Saint Thaddeus and Saint Bartholomew brought Christianity to Armenia in the first century. Saint Gregory the Illuminator became the first Catholicos of All Armenians following the nation's adoption of Christianity as its state religion in 301 AD. The seat of the Catholicos, and the spiritual and administrative headquarters of the Armenian Church, is the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, located in the city of Vagharshapat. The Armenian Apostolic Church is part of the Oriental Orthodox communion. This communion includes the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, the Ethiopian Orthodox T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1780 Deaths
Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780), Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to allow its delegates to cede a portion of its western territory to the Continental Congress for the common benefit of the war. * March 1 – The legislature of Pennsylvania votes, 34 to 21, to approve An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery. * March 11 ** The First League of Armed Neutrality is formed by Russian Empire, Russia with Denmark and Sweden to try to prevent the British Royal Navy from searching neutral vessels for contraband (February 28 Old Style and New Style dates, O.S.). ** General Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, Lafayette embarks on at Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, Rochefort, arriving in Boston on April 28, carrying the news that he has s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1710 Births
In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Saturday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 1 – In Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia, Cölln is merged with Alt-Berlin by Frederick I of Prussia, Frederick I to form Berlin. * January 4 – Robert Balfour, 5th Lord Balfour of Burleigh, two days before he is due to be executed for murder, escapes from the Old Tolbooth, Edinburgh, Edinburgh Tolbooth by exchanging clothes with his sister. * February 17 – Mauritius, a History of Mauritius#Dutch colonization (1638–1710), Dutch colony since 1638, is abandoned by the Dutch. * February 28 (Swedish calendar) February 27 (Julian). March 10 (Gregorian) – Battle of Helsingborg: Fourteen thousand Danish invaders, under Jørgen Rantzau, are decisively defeated by an equally large Swedish army, under Magnus Stenbock. * March 1 – The Sacheverell riots start in London with an atta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Yerevan
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Catholicoi Of Armenia
This is a list of the catholicoi of all Armenians (), head bishops of the Armenian Apostolic Church (). To this day 21 Catholicoi of a total of 132 have been glorified within the church. Catholicoi of Armenia ''(Name in English, name in Armenian, dates)'' Apostolic era Sophene era First Echmiadzin era (301–452) Arsacid dynasty (from 301 to 428 the episcopal office is hereditary) * St. Gregory I the Illuminator (301–325) -- Սբ. Գրիգոր Ա Պարթև (Լուսավորիչ) * St. Aristaces I (325–333) -- Սբ. Արիստակես Ա Պարթև * St. Vrtanes I (333–341) -- Սբ. Վրթանես Ա Պարթև * St. Husik I (341–347) -- Սբ. Հուսիկ Ա Պարթև Assyrian descent * Daniel I of Armenia (347) -- Դանիել Ա Ashishatts dynasty * Pharen I of Armenia (348–352) -- Փառեն Ա Աշտիշատցի Arsacid dynasty * St. Nerses I the Great (353–373) -- Սբ. Ներսես Ա Մեծ (Պարթև) Albaniosid dynasty * Sahak I (373–377) -- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian National Academy Of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia (NAS RA) (, ''Hayastani Hanrapetut’yan gitut’yunneri azgayin akademia'') is the Armenian national academy, functioning as the primary body that conducts research and coordinates activities in the fields of science and social sciences in Armenia. It is a member of the International Science Council. History The Academy of Sciences of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic was founded on 10 November 1943, on the basis of the Armenian Branch of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, which was established almost ten years earlier, in 1935. Among its founders were Joseph Orbeli, Stepan Malkhasyants, Ivan Gevorkian and Victor Ambartsumian. Orbeli became the first president of the academy. Presidents * Joseph Orbeli (1943–1947) * Viktor Ambartsumian (1947–1993) * Fadey Sargsyan (1993–2006) * Radik Martirosyan (2006–2021) * Ashot Saghyan (2021-present) Structure ;Division of Mathematical and Technical Sciences * Instit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bazmavēp
''Bazmavēp'' (''Pazmaveb'' in Western Armenian; , "Polyhistory") is an academic journal covering Armenian studies. It is published by the Mechitarists, Mechitarist monastery in San Lazzaro degli Armeni, Venice, Italy. According to Robert H. Hewsen, it is the first Armenian scholarly journal. and the longest-running Armenian publication still being published. ''Bazmavēp'' was established by Gabriel Aivazovsky and Ghevond Alishan in May 1843, with the initial intention of publishing for three years. Previous editors-in-chief have been Gabriel Aivazovsky (1843–48) and Ghevont Alishan (1849-51). The current editor is Serop Chamurlian. In its earliest decades, ''Bazmavēp'' was an economic-philological biweekly journal, aiming to convey enlightening ideas, useful tips, ways to revive economic, political and careful life to the readers. In the first period, the magazine was occupied by religious-moral programs, the latest discoveries in the fields of science and industry, informati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghukas Karnetsi
Ghukas Karnetsi (; 1722 – 28 December 1799) was Catholicos of All Armenians (head of the Armenian Church) in Etchmiadzin from 1780 to 1799. He succeeded his former teacher Simeon of Yerevan and continued many of his policies. He was catholicos during a time of economic hardship and conflict in Iranian Armenia and appealed to the Russian Empire to take Armenians under its protection. He was careful not to worsen the church's relations with Muslim rulers. He was also responsible for the renovation and decoration of Etchmiadzin Cathedral. Biography Ghukas was born in 1722 in Kiğı in the Erzurum Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. At the monastic school in Etchmiadzin, he was a student of future catholicos Simeon (). He was ordained a priest in 1751 and sent to the diocese of Rumelia as a legate () of the catholicos. In 1763, he was consecrated as a bishop and appointed prelate of the Armenians of Izmir. When his term as legate ended, his parishioners wrote to Catholicos Simeon aski ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vardavar
Vardavar or Vartavar (, Homshetsi: ''Vartevor'' or ''Behur'') is a festival in Armenia where people drench each other with water. Origin Vardavar's history dates back to pagan times. The ancient festival is traditionally associated with the goddess Astghik, who was the goddess of water, beauty, love, and fertility. The festivities associated with this religious observance of Astghik were named “Vardavar” because Armenians offered her roses as a celebration (''vard'' means "rose" in Armenian and ''var'' means "to burn/be burning", this is why it was celebrated in the harvest time). After the Christianization of Armenia, the Armenian Apostolic Church identified the rose with the transfiguration of Jesus and Vardavar continued to be celebrated along with the Feast of the Transfiguration. Some claim it comes from a tradition dating back to Noah, in which he commanded that his descendants should sprinkle water on each other and let doves fly as a symbol of remembrance of the Fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
