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Ghukas Karnetsi
Ghukas Karnetsi (; 1722 – 28 December 1799) was Catholicos of All Armenians (head of the Armenian Church) in Etchmiadzin from 1780 to 1799. He succeeded his former teacher Simeon of Yerevan and continued many of his policies. He was catholicos during a time of economic hardship and conflict in Iranian Armenia and appealed to the Russian Empire to take Armenians under its protection. However, he was careful not to worsen the church's relations with Muslim rulers. He is also remembered for his construction activities, namely the renovation and decoration of Etchmiadzin Cathedral. Biography Ghukas was born in 1722 in Kiğı in the Erzurum Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. At the monastic school in Etchmiadzin, he was a student of future catholicos Simeon (). He was ordained a priest in 1751 and sent to the diocese of Rumelia as a legate () of the catholicos. In 1763, he was consecrated as a bishop and appointed prelate of the Armenians of Izmir. When his term as legate ended, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholicos Ghukas Karnetsi
Catholicos, plural Catholicoi, is a title used for the head of certain churches in some Eastern Christian traditions. The title implies autocephaly and in some cases it is the title of the head of an autonomous church. The word comes from ancient Greek , pl. , derived from (, "generally") from (, "down") and (, "whole"), meaning "concerning the whole, universal, general"; it originally designated a financial or civil office in the Roman Empire.Wigram, p. 91. The name of the Catholic Church comes from the same word—however, the title "Catholicos" does not exist in its hierarchy. The Church of the East, some Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic churches historically use this title;The Motu Proprio ''Cleri Sanctitati'' Canon 335 for example the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Georgian Orthodox Church. In the Church of the East, the title was given to the church's head, the Patriarch of the Church of the East. It is still used in two successor churches, the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heraclius II Of Georgia
Heraclius II ( ka, ერეკლე II), also known as Erekle II and The Little Kakhetian ( ka, პატარა კახი ) (7 November 1720 or 7 October 1721 C. ToumanoffHitchins, KeithHeraclius II. ''Encyclopædia Iranica Online edition – Iranica.com''. Retrieved on April 21, 2007.] – 11 January 1798), was a Georgia (country), Georgian List of Georgian monarchs, monarch of the Bagrationi dynasty, reigning as the king of Kakheti from 1744 to 1762, and of Kartli and Kakheti from 1762 until 1798. In the contemporary Persian sources he is referred to as Erekli Khan (), while Russians knew him as Irakly (). His name is frequently transliterated in a Latinized form Heraclius because both names Erekle and Irakli are Georgian versions of this Greek name. From being granted the kingship of Kakheti by his overlord Nader Shah in 1744 as a reward for his loyalty,Ronald Grigor Suny"The Making of the Georgian Nation"Indiana University Press, 1994. p 55 to becoming the penult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Davit V Of Armenia
Boat suspended from radial davits; the boat is mechanically lowered Gravity multi-pivot on Scandinavia'' file:Bossoir a gravité.jpg, Gravity Roller Davit file:Davits-starbrd.png, Gravity multi-pivot davit holding rescue vessel on North Sea ferry file:Freefall lifeboat.JPG, Freefall lifeboat on the ''Spring Aeolian'' file:Frapping line.jpg, Frapping line Labeled Tricing Gripe Steps to launch davit Roller Gravity Davit A davit (pronounced "dayvit" or see Wiktionary) is any of various crane-like devices used on a ship for supporting, raising, and lowering equipment such as boats and anchors. Davit systems are most often used to lower an emergency lifeboat to the embarkation level to be boarded. The lifeboat davit has falls (now made of wire, historically of manila rope) that are used to lower the lifeboat into the water. Davits can also be used as man-overboard safety devices to retrieve personnel from the water. The maintaining and operation of davits is all under jurisdi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Catholicoi Of Armenia
This is a list of the catholicoi of all Armenians ( hy, Ամենայն Հայոց Կաթողիկոս), head bishops of the Armenian Apostolic Church ( hy, Հայ Առաքելական Եկեղեցի). To this day 21 Catholicoi of a total of 132 have been glorified within the church. Catholicoi of Armenia ''(Name in English, dates, Armenian name in Eastern Armenian spelling)'' Apostolic Era Sophene Era First Echmiadzin era (301–452) Arsacid Dynasty (from 301 to 428 the episcopal office is hereditary) * St. Gregory I the Illuminator (301–325) -- Սուրբ Գրիգոր Ա Պարթև (Լուսավորիչ) * St. Aristaces I (325–333) -- Սբ. Արիստակես Ա Պարթև *St. Vrtanes I (333–341) -- Սբ. Վրթանես Ա Պարթև * St. Husik I (341–347) -- Սբ. Հուսիկ Ա Պարթև Assyrian descent * Daniel I of Armenia (347) -- Դանիել Ա Ashishatts Dynasty *Pharen I of Armenia (348–352) -- Փառեն Ա Աշտիշատցի Arsacid Dynasty * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matenadaran
The Matenadaran ( hy, Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is a museum, repository of manuscripts, and a research institute in Yerevan, Armenia. It is the world's largest repository of Armenian manuscripts. It was established in 1959 on the basis of the nationalized collection of the Armenian Church, formerly held at Etchmiadzin. Its collection has gradually expanded since its establishment, mostly from individual donations. One of the most prominent landmarks of Yerevan, it is named after Mesrop Mashtots, the inventor of the Armenian alphabet, whose statue stands in front of the building. Name The word մատենադարան, ''matenadaran'' is a compound composed of մատեան, ''matean'' ("book" or "parchment") and դարան, ''daran'' ("repository"). According to Hrachia Acharian both words are of Middle Persian (Pahlavi) origin. Though it is sometimes translated as "scriptorium" in English, a more accurate translation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Encyclopedia Publishing House
The Armenian Encyclopedia Publishing House (), formerly the main editorial office of the Armenian Encyclopedia () is a publishing house in Yerevan that was established in 1967 and published the Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia in 1974–1986 and other encyclopedias in Armenian language later. It was founded as a department of the Institute of History of the Armenian Academy of Sciences under the presidency of Viktor Hambardzumyan. The AE publishing house also edited a children's encyclopedia, ''Who is it? What is it?'' () in 4 volumes (1984–87), the ''Russian-Armenian Polytechnical Dictionary'' (1988) and a ''Traveler's Encyclopedia'' (1990). Since Armenian independence (1991) publications include titles on topics of such current-day issues such as the first Nagorno-Karabakh War, the Armenian Question and the Armenian diaspora. Heads * Viktor Hambardzumyan (1967—1974) * (1974—1979) * (1979—1988) * Konstantin Khudaverdyan (1988—1999) * (since 1999) Creative Commons l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hovsep Arghutian (archbishop)
Hovsep Arghutian). ( hy, Յովսէփ Արղութեան; 23 May 1743 – 9 March 1801), known in Russian as Iosif Argutinsky-Dolgorukov (), was an eighteenth-century Armenians, Armenian archbishop who served as the religious leader of Armenians in the Russian Empire. He played a key role in the establishment of Armenian settlements in Russia, most notably that of Nakhichevan-on-Don. He co-founded the first Armenian press in Russia and directed its activities. He had a close personal relationship with Catherine the Great and Grigory Potemkin and advised them on Russia's policies in the Caucasus region. Arghutian was a committed Russophilia, Russophile and sought Russian support for the creation of an Armenian state. He personally participated in the Persian expedition of 1796, Russian campaign against Persia in 1796. He was elected Catholicos of All Armenians (leader of the Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian Church) in 1800, but died on his way to Vagharshapat, Ejmiatsin in 1801 an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Bournoutian
George A. Bournoutian (; fa, جورج بورنوتیان, 25September 1943 – 22 August 2021) was an Iranian-American professor, historian, and author of Armenian descent. He was a Professor of History and the author of over 30 books, particularly focusing on Armenian history, Iran and the Caucasus. He taught Iranian history at UCLA, and Armenian history at Columbia University, Tufts University, New York University, Rutgers University, the University of Connecticut, Ramapo College, and Glendale Community College and Russian and Soviet history at Iona College. Bournoutian was one of the 40 editors of the ''Encyclopaedia Iranica''. Biography George Bournoutian was born in Isfahan, Iran into an Armenian family. He grew up in Iran, and he received his High school diploma from the Andisheh (Don Bosco) institution in Tehran. He immigrated to the United States in 1964. He received his M.A. degree in 1971 and his Ph.D. in History (Armenian and Iranian studies) in 1976 at UCLA (" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mother See Of Holy Etchmiadzin
Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin ( hy, Մայր Աթոռ Սուրբ Էջմիածին, translit=Mayr At’oř Surb Ēĵmiatsin), known in Armenian as simply the Mother See (Մայր Աթոռ, ''Mayr At’oř''), is the governing body of the Armenian Apostolic Church. It is headquartered around Etchmiadzin Cathedral in Vagharshapat (Etchmiadzin), Armenia and is the seat of the Catholicos of All Armenians, the head of the church. Organizational structure of the Mother See The organizational structure of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin is composed of spiritual and administrative bodies representing the authority of the Armenian Church, as follows: Supreme Spiritual Council The Supreme Spiritual Council ( hy, Գերագոյն Հոգեւոր Խորհուրդ ''Geraguyn Hokevor Khorhurt'') is headed by the Catholicos of All Armenians. It is the highest executive body of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Members of the Spiritual Council are either elected by the National Ecclesiastica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul I Of Russia
Paul I (russian: Па́вел I Петро́вич ; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1796 until his assassination. Officially, he was the only son of Peter III and Catherine the Great, although Catherine hinted that he was fathered by her lover Sergei Saltykov.Aleksandr Kamenskii, ''The Russian Empire in the Eighteenth Century: Searching for a Place in the World'' (1997) pp 265–280. Paul remained overshadowed by his mother for most of his life. He adopted the laws of succession to the Russian throne—rules that lasted until the end of the Romanov dynasty and of the Russian Empire. He also intervened in the French Revolutionary Wars and, toward the end of his reign, added Kartli and Kakheti in Eastern Georgia into the empire, which was confirmed by his son and successor Alexander I. He was ''de facto'' Grand Master of the Order of Hospitallers from 1799 to 1801 and ordered the construction of a number of Maltese thrones. Paul's pro-German sentiments and unpredictable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hovnatanian
The Hovnatanyan family ( hy, Հովնաթանյաններ, ''Hovnat'anyanner'') was a prominent Armenian family of painters. They include five generations from 17th to 19th centuries. Hovnatanyans are originally from the village of Shorot, Yernjak district in Nakhichevan (now Şurud, Julfa Rayon, Nakhichivan Autonomous Republic). They were based in Nakhichevan, Yerevan, Tbilisi, Ejmiatsin, Saint Petersburg and Persia. Most of their works are dedicated to Christianity like other works of their era. The surname derives from ''Hovnatan'', the Armenian equivalent of Jonathan. Family members *Naghash Hovnatan (Նաղաշ Հովնաթան) (1661-1722) - founder of the family; poet, artist, miniaturist, wall-painter, and a church clerk **Harutyun Hovnatanyan (Հարություն Հովնաթանյան) (18th century) – artist and a wall-painter **Hakob Hovnatanyan I (Հակոբ Հովնաթանյան) (died in 1757) – artist, miniaturist, and poet ***Hovnatan Hovnatanyan (Հո ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Armenia (1502–1828)
Iranian Armenia (1502–1828) refers to the period of Eastern Armenia during the early-modern and late-modern era when it was part of the Iranian empire. Armenians have a history of being divided since the time of the Byzantine Empire and the Sassanid Empire, in the early 5th century. While the two sides of Armenia were sometimes reunited, this became a permanent aspect of the Armenian people. Following the Arab and Seljuk conquests of Armenia, the western portion, which was initially part of Byzantium, became eventually part of the Ottoman Empire, otherwise known as Ottoman Armenia, while the eastern portion became and was kept part of the Iranian Safavid Empire, Afsharid Empire and Qajar Empire, until it became part of the Russian Empire in the course of the 19th century, following the Treaty of Turkmenchay of 1828. Safavid Empire Due to its strategic significance, Armenia was constantly fought over and passed back and forth between the dominion of Iran and the Ottoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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