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Siege Of Ceuta (1418)
The siege of Ceuta of 1419 (sometimes reported as 1418) was fought between the besieging forces of the Marinid Sultanate of Morocco, led by Sultan Abu Said Uthman III, including allied forces from the Emirate of Granada, and the Portuguese garrison of Ceuta, led by Pedro de Menezes, 1st Count of Vila Real. After the loss of the city in a surprise attack in 1415 known as the Conquest of Ceuta, the Sultan gathered an army four years later and besieged the city. The Portuguese gathered a fleet under the command of Princes Henry the Navigator and John of Reguengos to relieve Ceuta. According to the chroniclers, the relief fleet turned out to be quite unnecessary. In a bold gambit, Pedro de Menezes led the Portuguese garrison in a sally against the Marinid siege camp and forced the lifting of the siege before the relief fleet even arrived. Blamed for losing Ceuta, the Marinid sultan was assassinated in a coup in Fez in 1420, leaving only a child as his heir. Morocco descended into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moroccan–Portuguese Conflicts
Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts refer to a series of military engagements between Morocco and Portugal throughout history from 1415 to 1769. The first military conflict, in 21 August 1415, took the form of a surprise assault on Ceuta by 45,000 Portuguese soldiers who traveled on 200 ships. It was later followed by the Siege of Ceuta in 1419. These events marked the beginning of the decline of the Marinid Sultanate and the start of the Portuguese Empire. The major battle, Battle of Alcácer Quibir, fought at Ksar-el-Kebir on 4 August 1578, was a catalyst for the 1580 Portuguese succession crisis. This resulted in a dynastic union between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Kingdom of Spain. The conflicts ended when Portugal lost Mazagan ( El Jadida) in 1769 to the 'Alawite Sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah. Portuguese expansion (1415–1515) Portugal started to occupy parts of coastal Morocco in 1415 with the Conquest of Ceuta, which was besieged unsuccessfully three years l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fes, Morocco
Fez () or Fes (; ) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fez-Meknes administrative region. It is one of the largest cities in Morocco, with a population of 1.256 million, according to the 2024 census. Located to the northwest of the Atlas Mountains, it is surrounded by hills and the old city is centered around the Fez River (''Oued Fes'') flowing from west to east. Fez has been called the "Mecca of the West" and the "Athens of Africa". It is also considered the spiritual and cultural capital of Morocco. Founded under Idrisid rule during the 8th century CE, Fez initially consisted of two autonomous and competing settlements. Successive waves of mainly Arab immigrants from Ifriqiya (Tunisia) and al-Andalus (Spain/Portugal) in the early 9th century gave the nascent city its Arab character. After the downfall of the Idrisid dynasty, other empires came and went until the 11th century when the Almoravid Sultan Yusuf ibn Tashfin united the two settlements i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th Century In Morocco
In music, a fifteenth or double octave, abbreviated ''15ma'', is the interval between one musical note and another with one-quarter the wavelength or quadruple the frequency. It has also been referred to as the bisdiapason. The fourth harmonic, it is two octaves. It is referred to as a fifteenth because, in the diatonic scale, there are 15 notes between them if one counts both ends (as is customary). Two octaves (based on the Italian word for eighth) do not make a sixteenth, but a fifteenth. In other contexts, the term ''two octaves'' is likely to be used. For example, if one note has a frequency of 400 Hz, the note a fifteenth above it is at 1600 Hz (''15ma'' ), and the note a fifteenth below is at 100 Hz (''15mb'' ). The ratio of frequencies of two notes a fifteenth apart is therefore 4:1. As the fifteenth is a multiple of octaves, the human ear tends to hear both notes as being essentially "the same", as it does the octave. Like the octave, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sieges Involving Portugal
A siege () . is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault. Siege warfare (also called siegecrafts or poliorcetics) is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block provision of supplies and reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass defenses. Failing a military outcome, sieges can often be deci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1419 In Portugal
Year 1419 ( MCDXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 19 – Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England, which brings Normandy under the control of England. * February 11 – At Zaranj in what is now Afghanistan, Shams al-Din 'Ali ibn Qutb al-Din becomes the new malik (monarch) of Sistan upon the death of his father, Qutb al-Din Muhammad ibn Shams al-Din Shah 'Ali. * February 13 – The University of Rostock is established in Germany by Albert V, Duke of Mecklenburg following approval in a papal bull from Pope Martin V. * March 14 – Braccio da Montone is awarded Governorship of Bologna by Pope Martin V in recognition of his ouster of Antongaleazzo Bentivoglio. * March 19 – (26 Muharram 822 AH) Sultan al-Malik al-Nāsir of Yemen presents a set of Yemeni gifts for the Chinese envoy to Aden to take back to China's Emperor Cheng Zu, after having received gifts from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1418 In Portugal
Year 1418 (Roman numerals, MCDXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 31 – Mircea I of Wallachia, Mircea I, List of princes of Wallachia, Prince of Wallachia (now part of southern Romania), dies after a reign of 21 years and is succeeded by his son, Michael I of Wallachia, Mihail I. * February 7 – The Lam Sơn uprising in Chinese-occupied Vietnam beginsduring the Tết holiday as a group of 18 men led by Lê Lợi begin a nine year rebellion against Ming dynasty China. * February 20 – At Srinagar, in what is now India, Zayn al-Abidin the Great, Zayn al-Abidin, already the vizier (Wazir) of the Kashmir Sultanate, is crowned as the new Sultan after he overthrows his older brother, the Sultan Ali Shah Miri. * March 21 – The Concordats of Constance are approved by the Council of Constance for signing by the various parties.Mandell Creighton, ''A History of the Papacy during the Period of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1419
Year 1419 ( MCDXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 19 – Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England, which brings Normandy under the control of England. * February 11 – At Zaranj in what is now Afghanistan, Shams al-Din 'Ali ibn Qutb al-Din becomes the new malik (monarch) of Sistan upon the death of his father, Qutb al-Din Muhammad ibn Shams al-Din Shah 'Ali. * February 13 – The University of Rostock is established in Germany by Albert V, Duke of Mecklenburg following approval in a papal bull from Pope Martin V. * March 14 – Braccio da Montone is awarded Governorship of Bologna by Pope Martin V in recognition of his ouster of Antongaleazzo Bentivoglio. * March 19 – (26 Muharram 822 AH) Sultan al-Malik al-Nāsir of Yemen presents a set of Yemeni gifts for the Chinese envoy to Aden to take back to China's Emperor Cheng Zu, after having received gifts from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1418
Year 1418 ( MCDXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 31 – Mircea I, Prince of Wallachia (now part of southern Romania), dies after a reign of 21 years and is succeeded by his son, Mihail I. * February 7 – The Lam Sơn uprising in Chinese-occupied Vietnam beginsduring the Tết holiday as a group of 18 men led by Lê Lợi begin a nine year rebellion against Ming dynasty China. * February 20 – At Srinagar, in what is now India, Zayn al-Abidin, already the vizier (Wazir) of the Kashmir Sultanate, is crowned as the new Sultan after he overthrows his older brother, the Sultan Ali Shah Miri. * March 21 – The Concordats of Constance are approved by the Council of Constance for signing by the various parties.Mandell Creighton, ''A History of the Papacy during the Period of the Reformation, Vol. I: The Great Schism—The Council of Constance, 1378–1418'' (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Colonisation In Africa
Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portuguese man o' war, a dangerous marine animal ** Portuguese people, an ethnic group See also * * ''Sonnets from the Portuguese'' * "A Portuguesa", the national anthem of Portugal * Lusofonia * Lusitania Lusitania (; ) was an ancient Iberian Roman province encompassing most of modern-day Portugal (south of the Douro River) and a large portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and Province of Salamanca). Romans named the region after th ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sieges Involving The Emirate Of Granada
A siege () . is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault. Siege warfare (also called siegecrafts or poliorcetics) is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender (military), surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block provision of supplies and reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment (military), investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (military), mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Ceuta
History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some theorists categorize history as a social science, while others see it as part of the humanities or consider it a hybrid discipline. Similar debates surround the purpose of history—for example, whether its main aim is theoretical, to uncover the truth, or practical, to learn lessons from the past. In a more general sense, the term ''history'' refers not to an academic field but to the past itself, times in the past, or to individual texts about the past. Historical research relies on primary and secondary sources to reconstruct past events and validate interpretations. Source criticism is used to evaluate these sources, assessing their authenticity, content, and reliability. Historians strive to integrate the perspectives of several sources to de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
