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Shōnen-ai
, also known by its abbreviation , is a genre of fictional media originating in Japan that depicts Homoeroticism, homoerotic relationships between male characters. It is typically created by women for a female audience, distinguishing it from the equivalent genre of Bara (genre), homoerotic media created by and for gay men, though BL does also attract a male audience and can be produced by male creators. BL spans a wide range of media, including manga, anime, drama CDs, novels, video games, television series, films, and Fan labor, fan works. Though depictions of homosexuality in Japanese media have a history dating to ancient times, contemporary BL traces its origins to male-male romance manga that emerged in the 1970s, and which formed a new subgenre of Shōjo manga, ''shōjo'' manga (comics for girls). Several terms were used for this genre, including , , and . The term ( ; ) emerged as a name for the genre in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the context of (self-publis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homoeroticism
Homoeroticism is sexual attraction between members of the same sex, including both male–male and female–female attraction. The concept differs from the concept of homosexuality: it refers specifically to the desire itself, which can be temporary, whereas "homosexuality" implies a more permanent state of identity or sexual orientation. It has been depicted or manifested throughout the history of the visual arts and literature and can also be found in performative forms; from theatre to the theatricality of uniformed movements (e.g., the Wandervogel and Adolf Brand, Gemeinschaft der Eigenen). According to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', it is "pertaining to or characterized by a tendency for erotic emotions to be centered on a person of the same sex; or pertaining to a homo-erotic person." This is a relatively recent dichotomyFlood, 2007, p. 307. that has been studied in the earliest times of History of poetry, ancient poetry to Drama#Modern and postmodern, modern drama by mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danmei
''Danmei'' ( zh, c=耽美, p=dānměi, l=indulging beauty) is a Chinese genre of literature and other fictional media that features romantic relationships between male characters. Derived from both Japanese boys' love and Western slash fiction, ''danmei'' is a diverse genre that first emerged online in the late 1990s. ''Danmei'' stories are primarily hosted online and are typically created by and targeted toward women. While ''danmei'' works and their adaptations have achieved widespread popularity and economic success in China and globally, their legal status remains precarious in China due to government censorship policies, and ''danmei'' authors and platforms have been targets of censorship. Etymology and terminology ) is reborrowed from the Japanese word . Chinese fans often use ''danmei'' and BL interchangeably, while ''danmei'' is the preferred term. ; ) is the female same-gender counterpart to ''danmei''. The term is an orthographic reborrowing of the Japanese w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Top, Bottom And Versatile
In human sexuality, top, bottom, and versatile are roles during human sexual activity, sexual activity, especially between two (or more) males. A ''top'' is usually a person who sexual penetration, penetrates, a ''bottom'' is usually one who receives penetration, and someone who is ''versatile'' engages in either or both roles. These terms may be elements of self-identity that indicate an individual's usual preference and habits, but might also describe broader sexual identities and social roles. The terms ''top'' and ''bottom'' do not refer to the literal physical position during sex. For men who have sex with men and do not engage in anal sex, the term "side" has been proposed and has seen commercial use. Side men do not engage in anal sex but rather enjoy Non-penetrative sex, outercourse. Top A top is usually a person who engages in the penetrative role during sexual activity; for Men who have sex with men, men who have sex with men (MSM), this often involves penetration usi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jun'ichirō Tanizaki
was a Japanese author who is considered to be one of the most prominent figures in modern Japanese literature. The tone and subject matter of his work range from shocking depictions of sexuality and destructive erotic obsessions to subtle portrayals of the dynamics of family life within the context of the rapid changes in 20th-century Japanese society. Frequently, his stories are narrated in the context of a search for cultural identity in which Western world, the West and Culture of Japan, Japanese tradition are juxtaposed. He was one of six authors on the final shortlist for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1964, the year before his death. Biography Early life Tanizaki was born into a well-to-do merchant-class family in Nihonbashi, Tokyo, where his uncle owned a printing press, which had been established by his grandfather. His parents were Kuragorō and Seki Tanizaki. His older brother, Kumakichi, died three days after his birth, which made him the next eldest son of the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yukio Mishima
Kimitake Hiraoka ( , ''Hiraoka Kimitake''; 14 January 192525 November 1970), known by his pen name Yukio Mishima ( , ''Mishima Yukio''), was a Japanese author, poet, playwright, actor, model, Shintoist, Ultranationalism (Japan), ultranationalist, and the leader of an attempted coup d'état that culminated in his ''seppuku'' (ritual suicide). Mishima is considered one of the most important Postwar Japan, postwar stylists of the Japanese language. He was List of nominees for the Nobel Prize in Literature#1960%E2%80%931969, nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature five times in the 1960s—including in 1968, when the award went to his countryman and benefactor Yasunari Kawabata. Mishima's works include the novels ''Confessions of a Mask'' and ''The Temple of the Golden Pavilion'', and the autobiographical essay ''Sun and Steel (essay), Sun and Steel''. Mishima's work is characterized by "its luxurious vocabulary and decadent metaphors, its fusion of traditional Japanese and mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transformative Works And Cultures
The Organization for Transformative Works (OTW) is a nonprofit, fan activist organization. Its mission is to serve fans by preserving and encouraging transformative fan activity, known as " fanwork", and by making fanwork widely accessible. OTW advocates for the transformative, legal, and legitimate nature of fan labor activities, including fan fiction, fan videos, fan art, anime music videos, podfic (audio recordings of fan fiction), and real person fiction. Its vision is to nurture fans and fan culture, and to protect fans' transformative work from legal snafus and commercial exploitation. OTW has 1,010 volunteers, net assets of $2.5 million and at least 15,810 paying members according to its annual report in 2021. Services and platforms The Organization for Transformative Works offers the following services and platforms to fans in a myriad of fandoms: * Archive of Our Own (AO3): An open-source, non-commercial, non-profit, multi-fandom web archive built by fans for h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin ( ; zh, s=, t=, p=Guānhuà, l=Mandarin (bureaucrat), officials' speech) is the largest branch of the Sinitic languages. Mandarin varieties are spoken by 70 percent of all Chinese speakers over a large geographical area that stretches from Yunnan in the southwest to Xinjiang in the northwest and Heilongjiang in the northeast. Its spread is generally attributed to the greater ease of travel and communication in the North China Plain compared to the more mountainous south, combined with the relatively recent spread of Mandarin to frontier areas. Many varieties of Mandarin, such as Southwestern Mandarin, those of the Southwest (including Sichuanese dialects, Sichuanese) and the Lower Yangtze Mandarin, Lower Yangtze, are not mutually intelligible with the Beijing dialect (or are only partially intelligible). Nevertheless, Mandarin as a group is often placed first in lists of languages by number of native speakers (with nearly one billion). Because Mandarin originated in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bildungsroman
In literary criticism, a bildungsroman () is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth and change of the protagonist from childhood to adulthood (coming of age). The term comes from the German words ('formation' or 'education') and ('novel'). Origin The term was coined in 1819 by Philology, philologist Karl Morgenstern, Johann Karl Simon Morgenstern in his university lectures, and was later famously reprised by Wilhelm Dilthey, who legitimized it in 1870 and popularized it in 1905. The genre is further characterized by a number of formal, topical, and thematic features. The term ''coming-of-age novel'' is sometimes used interchangeably with bildungsroman, but its use is usually wider and less technical. The birth of the bildungsroman is normally dated to the publication of ''Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship'' by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in 1795–96, or, sometimes, to Christoph Martin Wieland's of 1767.Swales, Martin. ''The German Bildungsroman from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taruho Inagaki
was a Japanese writer. Early life Inagaki was born in Osaka, then moved to Akashi in Hyōgo Prefecture while he was in elementary school. He spent much of his childhood in Kōbe. He graduated from Kwansei Gakuin Junior High School. Writing career In 1923 Inagaki published '' One Thousand and One Second Stories (Issen ichibyō monogatari),'' and by 1926 he was counted among members of the short-lived Shinkankakuha group of writers. In 1968 he won the first annual Japan Literature Grand Prize for , an essay on "aesthetic eroticism", where he divides stories into A (anal), V (vaginal), P (penile) and K (clitoral) varieties and "describe the historical, psychological, and metaphysical ramifications of the love of beautiful boys in an eclectic blend of ideas culled from history, Freudianism, pop psychology, and existentialism." Themes and influence Inagaki's works often dealt with themes including flight, astronomical objects, and erotic and romantic relationships a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Literature
Western literature, also known as European literature, is the literature written in the context of Western culture in the languages of Europe, and is shaped by the periods in which they were conceived, with each period containing prominent western authors, poets, and pieces of literature. The best of Western literature is considered to be the Western canon. The list of works in the Western canon varies according to the critic's opinions on Western culture and the relative importance of its defining characteristics. Different literary periods held great influence on the literature of Western and European countries, with movements and political changes impacting the prose and poetry of the period. The 16th Century is known for the creation of Renaissance literature, while the 17th century was influenced by both Baroque and Jacobean forms. The 18th century progressed into a period known as the Enlightenment Era for many western countries. This period of military and political advanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Effeminacy
Effeminacy or male femininity is the embodiment of feminine traits in boys or men, particularly those considered untypical of men or masculinity. These traits include roles, stereotypes, behaviors, and appearances that are socially associated with girls and women. Throughout Western civilization, men considered effeminate have faced prejudice and discrimination. Gay men are often stereotyped as being effeminate, and vice versa. However, femininity, masculinity, and other forms of gender expression are independent of sexual orientation. Terminology ''Effeminate'' comes from Latin '' effeminātus'', from the factitive prefix ''ex-'' (from ''ex'' 'out') and ''femina'' 'woman'; it means 'made feminine, emasculated, weakened'. Other vernacular words for effeminacy include: ''pansy'', ''nelly'', ''pretty boy'', ''nancy boy'', ''girly boy'', ''molly'', '' sissy'', '' pussy'', ''tomgirl'', '' femboy'', ''roseboy'', ''baby'', and ''girl'' (when applied to a boy or, especially, adult m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
