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Scilla Sect
''Scilla'' () is a genus of about 30 to 80 species of bulb-forming perennial herbaceous plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae. Sometimes called the squills in English, they are native to woodlands, subalpine meadows, and seashores throughout Europe, Africa and the Middle East. A few species are also naturalized in Australasia and North America. Their flowers are usually blue, but white, pink, and purple types are known; most flower in early spring, but a few are autumn-flowering. Several ''Scilla'' species are valued as ornamental garden plants. Taxonomy Species of ''Scilla'' have been known since classical antiquity, being described by both Greek (Theophrastus (371–287 BC) and Discorides (40–90 AD)) and Roman ( Pliny (23–79 AD)) writers. Theophrastus described '' Scilla hyacinthoides'' (''skilla''), and more briefly '' S. autumnalis'' and '' S. bifolia'' in his '' Historia plantarum'', where he mentions "those of squill" (σκῐ� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scilla Bifolia
''Scilla bifolia'', the alpine squill or two-leaf squill, is a herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plant growing from an underground bulb,Pignatti S. - Flora d'Italia - Edagricole – 1982 Vol. III, pg. 365 belonging to the genus ''Scilla'' of the family Asparagaceae. The Latin Binomial nomenclature, specific epithet ''bifolia'' means "twin leaved". Description ''Scilla bifolia'' grows from a bulb across. There are two or rarely three lance-shaped, curved, fleshy and shiny leaves and the bases of the leaves clasp up to about the half of the stem (wikt:amplexicaul, amplexicaul). The pedicel (botany), flowering stems are erect and unbranched, high. The raceme bears 6-10 flowers, each across. The flowers of ''Scilla bifolia'' are upward-facing, unlike the nodding flowers of ''Scilla siberica'' (Siberian squill). They bloom from early to late spring. The six tepals are deep violet-blue, more rarely white, pink, or purple. The fruit is a capsule (botany), capsule across. ''S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dioscorides
Pedanius Dioscorides (, ; 40–90 AD), "the father of pharmacognosy", was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of (in the original , , both meaning "On Materia medica, Medical Material") , a 5-volume Greek encyclopedic pharmacopeia on herbal medicine and related medicinal substances, that was widely read for more than 1,500 years. For almost two millennia Dioscorides was regarded as the most prominent writer on plants and plant drugs. Life A native of Anazarbus, Cilicia, Asia Minor, Dioscorides likely studied medicine nearby at the school in Tarsus, Mersin, Tarsus, which had a pharmacological emphasis, and he dedicated his medical books to Laecanius Arius, a medical practitioner there. Though he writes he lived a "soldier's life" or "soldier-like life", his pharmacopeia refers almost solely to plants found in the Greek-speaking eastern Mediterranean, making it likely that he served in campaigns, or travelled in a civilian capacity, less widely as supposed. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scilla Peruviana
''Scilla peruviana'', the Portuguese squill, is a species of ''Scilla'' native to the western Mediterranean region in Iberia, Italy, and northwest Africa. It is a bulb-bearing herbaceous perennial plant. The bulb is 6–8 cm in diameter, white with a covering of brown scales. The leaves are linear, 20–60 cm long and 1–4 cm broad, with 5-15 leaves produced each spring. The flowering stem is 15–40 cm tall, bearing a dense pyramidal raceme of 40-100 flowers; each flower is blue, 1–2 cm in diameter, with six tepals. The foliage dies down in summer, re-appearing in the autumn. Name Although the epithet ''peruviana'' means "from Peru", it is strictly a western Mediterranean species. Linnaeus named the species in 1753, citing an earlier name given to the plant by Carolus Clusius, ''Hyacinthus stellatus peruanus''. Clusius mentioned the species as growing in the Antwerp garden of a certain Everardus Munichoven, who reportedly got the plants from Peru. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyacinthoides Italica
''Hyacinthoides italica'', the Italian bluebell or Italian squill, is a spring-flowering bulbous perennial plant, perennial plant belonging to the family Asparagaceae. It is one of around 11 species in the genus ''Hyacinthoides'', others including the common bluebell (''Hyacinthoides non-scripta'') in northwestern Europe, and the Spanish bluebell (''Hyacinthoides hispanica'') further west in the Iberian Peninsula. Description ''Hyacinthoides italica'' is up to tall. The stem is leafless. It has 3-6 basal lance-shaped leaves, wide and long. The inflorescence is a dense, conical or pyramid-like raceme with 5-30 bright violet-blue star-like flowers. The flowers have two narrow bracts. Flowering period extends from February to May. It is in some respects intermediate between the common and Spanish species in having slender leaves (as in ''H. non-scripta'' or even slenderer), but a dense raceme of flowers (as in ''H. hispanica''; not sparse and one-sided as in ''H. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanical Authority
In botanical nomenclature, author citation is the way of citing the person or group of people who validly published a botanical name, i.e. who first published the name while fulfilling the formal requirements as specified by the ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (''ICN''). In cases where a species is no longer in its original generic placement (i.e. a new combination of genus and specific epithet), both the authority for the original genus placement and that for the new combination are given (the former in parentheses). In botany, it is customary (though not obligatory) to abbreviate author names according to a recognised list of standard abbreviations. There are differences between the botanical code and the normal practice in zoology. In zoology, the publication year is given following the author names and the authorship of a new combination is normally omitted. A small number of more specialized practices also vary between the recommendations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. For example, if we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skilla Kildeskoven
In Greek mythology, Scylla ( ; , ) is a legendary, man-eating monster that lives on one side of a narrow channel of water, opposite her counterpart, the sea-swallowing monster Charybdis. The two sides of the strait are within an arrow's range of each other—so close that sailors attempting to avoid the whirlpools of Charybdis would pass dangerously close to Scylla and vice versa. Scylla is first attested in Homer's ''Odyssey'', where Odysseus and his crew encounter her and Charybdis on their travels. Later myth provides an origin story as a beautiful nymph who gets turned into a monster. Book Three of Virgil's ''Aeneid'' associates the strait where Scylla dwells with the Strait of Messina between Calabria, a region of Southern Italy, and Sicily. The coastal town of Scilla in Calabria takes its name from the mythological figure of Scylla and it is said to be the home of the nymph. The idiom " between Scylla and Charybdis" has come to mean being forced to choose between two simi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyacinth (plant)
''Hyacinthus'' is a genus of bulbous herbs, and spring-blooming perennials. They are fragrant flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae and are commonly called hyacinths (). The genus is native predominantly to the Eastern Mediterranean region from the south of Turkey to Northern Israel, although naturalized more widely. The name comes from Greek mythology: Hyacinth was killed by Zephyrus, the god of the west wind, jealous of his love for Apollo. He then transformed the drops of Hyacinth's blood into flowers. Several species of '' Brodiaea'', '' Scilla'', and other plants that have flower clusters borne along the stalk that were formerly classified in the Liliaceae family also have common names with the word "hyacinth" in them. Hyacinths should also not be confused with the genus ''Muscari'', which are commonly known as grape hyacinths. Description ''Hyacinthus'' grows from bulbs, each producing around 4-6 narrow untoothed leaves and 1-3 spikes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carolus Clusius
Charles de l'Écluse, L'Escluse, or Carolus Clusius (19 February 1526 – 4 April 1609), seigneur de Watènes, was an Artois doctor and pioneering botanist, perhaps the most influential of all 16th-century scientific horticulturists. Life Clusius was born Charles de l' Écluse in 1526, in Arras (Dutch ''Atrecht''), then in the County of Artois, Spanish Netherlands, now northern France (Hauts-de-France). At the urging of his father, who wanted him to enter the law, he commenced his studies in Latin and Greek at Louvain, followed by civil law. His father then gave him some money to move to Marburg to further his legal studies, but after eight months when his mentor moved away from Marburg he switched to theology, initially at Marburg and then on the suggestion of one of his professors at Wittenberg, where he also began a study of philosophy. Even at Marburg he had also developed an interest in plants that he continued in Wittenberg. Aware of the emerging study of botany, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonhart Fuchs
Leonhart Fuchs (; 17 January 1501 – 10 May 1566), sometimes spelled Leonhard Fuchs and cited in Latin as ''Leonhartus Fuchsius'', was a German physician and botanist. His chief notability is as the author of a large book about plants and their uses as medicines, a herbal, which was first published in 1542 in Latin. It has about 500 accurate and detailed drawings of plants, which were printed from woodcuts. The drawings are the book's most notable advance on its predecessors. Although drawings had been used in other herbal books, Fuchs's book proved and emphasized high-quality drawings as the most telling way to specify what a plant name stands for. Life Fuchs was born in 1501 in Wemding (Marktplatz 5), near Donauwörth in Donau-Ries in the then Duchy of Bavaria, as the youngest son of Johann (Hans) Fuchs and his wife Anna Denten. His father was the town Burgomaster, and both parents came from families of municipal councillors (''Ratsherr''). The exact date of his bir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historia Plantarum (Theophrastus Book)
''Historia Plantarum'' (Latin: ''History of/Treatise on Plants'') has been used as all or part of the name of several books, which include: * ''Historia Plantarum (Theophrastus) Theophrastus's ''Enquiry into Plants'' or ''Historia Plantarum'' (, ''Peri phyton historia'') was, along with his mentor Aristotle's ''History of Animals'', Pliny the Elder's ''Natural History (Pliny), Natural History'' and Pedanius Dioscorides, ...'' (also called ''Enquiry into Plants''), a book on plants by Theophrastus, written between c. 350 BC and c. 287 BC * '' Historia Plantarum (Gessner)'' (also called ''Conradi Gesneri Historia Plantarum''), a book on plants by Conrad Gessner, written between 1555 and 1565, published in 1750 * ''Historia Generalis Plantarum'' ( Daléchamps), 1586 * ''Historia Plantarum Universalis Oxoniensis'', unfinished work by Robert Morison, first volume published in 1680, second volume completed by Jacob Bobart the Younger and published in 1699 * '' Historia Plantarum (R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
