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Sam Sole
Stephen Patrick "Sam" Sole is a South African investigative journalist. He is the co-founder and managing director of the amaBhungane Centre for Investigative Journalism. Before the centre became independent in April 2016, he was a journalist for the ''Mail & Guardian''. Since 2003 he has won both the Vodacom Journalist of the Year Award and the Taco Kuiper Award for Investigative Journalism on multiple occasions. Early life and education Sole's father was Donald Sole, a diplomat who during Sole's childhood was the South African Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany and then the South African Ambassador to the United States. Sole was a boarding student at the South African College Schools (SACS) in Cape Town, where he acquired the nickname "Sam" from his English teacher. After matriculating in 1979, he failed to persuade his parents to allow him to study drama; instead he enrolled in a Bachelor of Science in computer science at the University of Cape Town but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African College Schools
The South African College Schools (colloquially often known as “SACS”) is a public English medium primary and high education institution situated in Newlands – part of the Southern Suburbs region of Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Founded in 1829, it is one of the oldest continuously run schools in South Africa. SACS is one of four schools expressly endowed by Cecil John Rhodes to offer an annual Rhodes Scholarship to one of their graduating students. History The concept of the South African College was formed in 1791 when the Dutch Commissioner-General, Jacob Abraham Uitenhage de Mist, asked for funding to be set aside to improve schooling in the Cape. After the British took control of the Cape Colony, the second colonial governor – Lord Charles Henry Somerset - gave permission for the funds reserved by De Mist to be used to establish the South African College in 1814. The founding committee met in the Groote Kerk to discuss funding a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Defence Force
The South African Defence Force (SADF) (Afrikaans: ''Suid-Afrikaanse Weermag'') comprised the armed forces of South Africa from 1957 until 1994. Shortly before the state reconstituted itself as a republic in 1961, the former Union Defence Force was officially succeeded by the SADF, which was established by the Defence Act (No. 44) of 1957. The SADF, in turn, was superseded by the South African National Defence Force in 1994. Mission and structure The SADF was organised to perform a dual mission: to counter possible insurgency in all forms, and to maintain a conventional military arm which could defend the republic's borders, making retaliatory strikes as necessary. As the military expanded during the 1970s, the SADF general staff was organised into six sections—finance, intelligence, logistics, operations, personnel, and planning; uniquely, the South African Medical Service (SAMS) was made co-equal with the South African Army, the South African Navy and the South Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noseweek
''Noseweek'' is a monthly South Africa, South African tabloid published by Chaucer Publications that appeared in print from June 1993 to mid-2021. It is best known for regular legal action against it, including a failed bid at interdiction by banking group First National Bank (South Africa), FirstRand in 2008 (where editor Martin Welz represented himself) and defamation actions by judge Fikile Bam and former public protector Selby Baqwa. In 2021, ''Noseweek'' lost a defamation case against senior attorney Leonard Katz, who sued ''Noseweek'' over a 2014 article that made allegations about Katz's behavior in liquidation trials. Editor Martin Welz and publisher Chaucer Publications were ordered to pay R330 000, about a third of the million Katz sought, as well as legal charges. Following the 2021 ruling, Martin Welz announced that ''Noseweek'''s print publication was "unlikely to survive" though operations might continue online. He called the occasion a "sad end to an independent prin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truth And Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was a court-like restorative justice body assembled in South Africa in 1996 after the end of apartheid. Authorised by Nelson Mandela and chaired by Desmond Tutu, the commission invited witnesses who were identified as victims of gross human rights violations to give statements about their experiences, and selected some for public hearings. Perpetrators of violence could also give testimony and request amnesty from both civil and criminal prosecution. The Institute for Justice and Reconciliation was established in 2000 as the successor organisation of the TRC. Creation and mandate The TRC was set up in terms of the ''Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act'', No. 34 of 1995, and was based in Cape Town. The hearings started in 1996. The mandate of the commission was to bear witness to, record, and in some cases grant amnesty to the perpetrators of crimes relating to human rights violations, as well as offering reparat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Herald Tribune
The ''International Herald Tribune'' (''IHT'') was a daily English-language newspaper published in Paris, France, for international English-speaking readers. It published under the name ''International Herald Tribune'' starting in 1967, but its origins as an international newspaper trace back to 1887. Sold in over 160 countries, the ''International Herald Tribune'' produced a large amount of content until it became the second incarnation of ''The International New York Times'' in 2013, 10 years after The New York Times Company became its sole owner. Early years In 1887, James Gordon Bennett Jr. created a Paris edition of his newspaper the '' New York Herald'' with offices at 49, avenue de l'Opéra. He called it the ''Paris Herald''. When Bennett Jr. died, the Herald and its Paris edition came under the control of Frank Munsey. In 1924, Munsey sold the paper to the family of Ogden Reid, owners of the '' New-York Tribune'', creating the '' New York Herald Tribune'', while t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
End Conscription Campaign
The End Conscription Campaign was an anti-apartheid organisation allied to the United Democratic Front and composed of conscientious objectors and their supporters in South Africa. It was formed in 1983 to oppose the conscription of all white South African men into military service in the South African Defence Force. Apartheid government's policy on military conscription The apartheid government had a policy of compulsory conscription for young white men who were expected to perform military service at regular intervals, starting with an extended training which began in the year immediately following the one in which they left school or as soon as they turned 16, whichever came last. Many were granted deferment, for example to attend university and complete an undergraduate degree first, but very few young men were exempted from conscription for any reason other than being medically unfit or for a race classification error. Valid reasons included conscientious objection b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Of Emergency
A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state before, during, or after a natural disaster, civil unrest, armed conflict, medical pandemic or epidemic or other biosecurity risk. Relationship with international law Under international law, rights and freedoms may be suspended during a state of emergency, depending on the severity of the emergency and a government's policies. Use and viewpoints Democracies use states of emergency to manage a range of situations from extreme weather events to public order situations. dictatorship, Dictatorial regimes often declare a state of emergency that is prolonged indefinitely for the life of the regime, or for extended periods of time so that derogations can be used to override human rights of their citizens usually protected by the International Covenant on Civi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Police
The South African Police (SAP) was the national police force and law enforcement agency in South Africa from 1913 to 1994; it was the ''de facto'' police force in the territory of South West Africa (Namibia) from 1939 to 1981. After South Africa's transition to majority rule in 1994, the SAP was reorganized into the South African Police Service (SAPS). History The South African Police were the successors to the police forces of the Cape Colony, the Natal Colony, the Orange River Colony, and the Transvaal Colony in law enforcement in South Africa. Proclamation 18 formed the South African Police on 1 April 1913 with the amalgamation of the police forces of the four old colonies after the founding of the Union of South Africa in 1910. The first Commissioner of Police was Colonel Theo G. Truter with 5,882 men under his command. The SAP originally policed cities and urban areas, while the South African Mounted Riflemen, a branch of the Union Defence Force, enforced the state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaal Uprising
The Vaal uprising was a period of Revolt, popular revolt in black Township (South Africa), townships in apartheid South Africa, beginning in the Vaal Triangle on 3 September 1984. Sometimes known as the township revolt and driven both by local grievances and by opposition to apartheid, the uprising lasted two years and affected most regions of the country. The government of P. W. Botha did not succeed in curbing the violence until after it imposed a national state of emergency in June 1986. The uprising began on 3 September in the Vaal Triangle, an industrial region south of Johannesburg, where the local Vaal Civic Association had organised a stay-away to protest rent increases. In the deadliest day of protesting since the 1976 Soweto uprising, there were an estimated 300 injuries and 29 fatalities, some of whom were black local councillors executed by protestors. Over the next year, civic associations and student organisations carried the riots to other areas of the country. Fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban. Australia '' The Australian National Dictionary'' defines a township as "a site reserved for and laid out as a town; such a site at an early stage of its occupation and development; a small town". The term refers purely to the settlement; it does not refer to a unit of government. Townships are governed as part of a larger council (such as that of a shire, district or city) or authority. Canada In Canada, two kinds of township occur in common use: *In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Canadian French, this is a . Townships are referred to as "lots" in Prince Edward Island ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grahamstown
Makhanda, formerly known as Grahamstown, is a town of about 75,000 people in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated about northeast of Gqeberha and southwest of East London. It is the largest town in the Makana Local Municipality, and the seat of the municipal council. It also hosts Rhodes University, the Eastern Cape Division of the High Court, the South African Library for the Blind (SALB), a diocese of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa, and 6 South African Infantry Battalion. Furthermore, located approximately 3 km south-east of the town lies Waterloo Farm, the only estuarine fossil site in the world from 360 million years ago with exceptional soft-tissue preservation. The town's name-change from Grahamstown to Makhanda was officially gazetted on 29 June 2018. The town was officially renamed to Makhanda in memory of Xhosa warrior and prophet Makhanda ka Nxele. In 2025, the city was listed as thcountry's worst-performing municipalit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6 South African Infantry Battalion
6 South African Infantry Battalion is an air assault infantry unit of the South African Army. History 6 SAI was established on 1 January 1962, at Grahamstown, Eastern Cape. The new training unit was housed on the property previously used by 44 Air School established by the Royal Air Force during the Second World War. Bush War/ Namibia The battalion became operational in 1970. 6 SAI took part in Operation Protea and Operation Daisy in Angola. 1984 Grahamstown riots The Unit was involved in quelling the 1984 Grahamstown riots. The army had been called in to assist the South African Police who had failed to contain the situation. Air Assault Infantry The battalion has since become an air assault infantry unit specifically trained to deploy via helicopters. The battalion was deployed in April 2013 to the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) as part of the United Nations Force Intervention Brigade. Battle for Kibati In 2013, 850 members of 6 SAI were part of the Unite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
