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Safi Affair
The Safi Affair of 1863 was an instance of antisemitic persecution based on an accusation of Jewish ritual murder in the city of Safi in the Sultanate of Morocco. Blood libel A fourteen-year-old Jewish boy named Jacob Benyuda, and another Jew named Elias Benillouz were accused by the Spanish vice-consul in Safi of poisoning a retired Spanish tax collector, who they worked for as domestic servants, in conspiracy with other Jews. Both of the accused were executed after confessions were extracted through torture. Two other Jews were arrested and tortured in connection to the extracted confessions, one of whom was executed. The Jews of Safi appealed to the ''Makhzan'', the local governor, without success, then turning to foreign Jewish organizations. The incident attracted international press attention, and the influential British-Jewish banker and philanthropist Moses Montefiore traveled to Morocco to intercede on behalf of Safi's Jews. Montefiore secured the release of two Jews h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antisemitism
Antisemitism or Jew-hatred is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who harbours it is called an antisemite. Whether antisemitism is considered a form of racism depends on the school of thought. Antisemitic tendencies may be motivated primarily by negative sentiment towards Jewish peoplehood, Jews as a people or negative sentiment towards Jews with regard to Judaism. In the former case, usually known as racial antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by the belief that Jews constitute a distinct race with inherent traits or characteristics that are repulsive or inferior to the preferred traits or characteristics within that person's society. In the latter case, known as religious antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by their religion's perception of Jews and Judaism, typically encompassing doctrines of supersession that expect or demand Jews to turn away from Judaism and submit to the religion presenting itself as Judaism's suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Libel
Blood libel or ritual murder libel (also blood accusation) is an antisemitic canardTurvey, Brent E. ''Criminal Profiling: An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis'', Academic Press, 2008, p. 3. "Blood libel: An accusation of ritual murder made against one or more persons, typically of the Jewish faith".Chanes, Jerome A. ''Antisemitism: A Reference Handbook'', ABC-CLIO, 2004, pp. 34–45. "Among the most serious of these nti-Jewishmanifestations, which reverberate to the present day, were those of the libels: the leveling of charges against Jews, particularly the blood libel and the libel of desecrating the host."Goldish, Matt. ''Jewish Questions: Responsa on Sephardic Life in the Early Modern Period'', Princeton University Press, 2008, p. 8. "In the period from the twelfth to the twentieth centuries, Jews were regularly charged with blood libel or ritual murder that Jews kidnapped and murdered non-Jews as part of a Jewish religious ritual." which falsely accuses Jews o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safi, Morocco
Safi () is a city in western Morocco on the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of Asfi Province. It recorded a population of 308,508 in the 2014 Moroccan census. The city was occupied by the Portuguese Empire from 1488 to 1541, was the center of Morocco's weaving industry, and became a ''fortaleza'' of the Portuguese Crown in 1508. Safi is the main fishing port for the country's sardine industry, and also exports phosphates, textiles and ceramics. During the Second World War, Safi was the site of Operation Blackstone, one of the landing sites for Operation Torch. Etymology 11th-century geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi gave an explanation to the origin the name "Asafi" as he linked it to the Arabic word "Asaf" (regret); Asafi (my regret). He based this claim on a strange story about some sailors from al-Andalus who sailed to discover the other end of the Atlantic Ocean but got lost and landed on some island where the natives captured them and sent them back on their ships blindfolded. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultanate Of Morocco (1665-1912)
The Alawi Sultanate, officially known as the Sharifian Sultanate () and as the Sultanate of Morocco, was the state ruled by the 'Alawi dynasty over what is now Morocco, from their rise to power in the 1660s to the 1912 Treaty of Fes that marked the start of the French protectorate. The dynasty, which remains the ruling monarchy of Morocco today, originated from the Tafilalt region and rose to power following the collapse of the Saadi Sultanate in the 17th century. Sultan al-Rashid () was the first to establish his authority over the entire country. The sultanate reached an apogee of political power during the reign of his successor, Moulay Isma'il (), who exercised strong central rule. After Isma'il's death, Morocco underwent periods of turmoil and renewal under different sultans. A long period of stability returned under Sidi Mohammed ibn Abdallah (). Regional stability was disrupted by the French conquest of Algeria in 1830 and thereafter Morocco faced serious challenges f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moses Montefiore
Sir Moses Haim Montefiore, 1st Baronet, (24 October 1784 – 28 July 1885) was a British financier and banker, activist, Philanthropy, philanthropist and Sheriffs of the City of London, Sheriff of London. Born to an History of the Jews in Italy, Italian Sephardic Jewish family based in London, after he achieved success, he donated large sums of money to promote industry, business, economic development, education and health among the Jewish community in the Levant. He founded Mishkenot Sha'ananim in 1860, the first Jewish settlement outside the Old City of Jerusalem. As President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, he corresponded with Charles Henry Churchill, the British consul in Damascus, in 1841–42; his contributions are seen as pivotal to the development of Proto-Zionism. Queen Victoria, Queen Victoria's chaplain, Norman Macleod (Caraid nan Gaidheal), Norman Macleod said of Montefiore: "No man living has done so much for his brethren in Palestine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad IV Of Morocco
''Mawlay'' Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman (), known as Muhammad IV (), born in Fez, Morocco, Fes in 1803 and died in Marrakesh in 1873, was the Sultan of Morocco from 28 August 1859 to 16 September 1873 as a ruler of the 'Alawi dynasty. He was proclaimed sultan after the death of his father, Abd al-Rahman of Morocco, Abd al-Rahman. His reign marked a series of reform to tackle European influence on Morocco, as Ottoman Algeria had just been Invasion of Algiers in 1830, conquered by France in 1830, leading to European nations entering military conflicts with Morocco, such as the Battle of Isly with France in 1844 and the Battle of Tétouan, Battle of Tetuan with Spain in 1860. He was succeeded by his son Hassan I of Morocco, Hassan I. Biography Military commander During his father's reign, the neighbouring Regency of Algiers was Invasion of Algiers in 1830, invaded by France in 1830, and Muhammad commanded the Moroccan army which was defeated by the French at the Battle of Isly in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhimmi
' ( ', , collectively ''/'' "the people of the covenant") or () is a historical term for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection. The word literally means "protected person", referring to the state's obligation under ''sharia'' to protect the individual's life, property, as well as freedom of religion, in exchange for loyalty to the state and payment of the '' jizya'' tax, in contrast to the '' zakat'', or obligatory alms, paid by the Muslim subjects. ''Dhimmi'' were exempt from military service and other duties assigned specifically to Muslims if they paid the poll tax (''jizya'') but were otherwise equal under the laws of property, contract, and obligation. Dhimmis were subject to specific restrictions as well, which were codified in agreements like the ''Pact of ʿUmar''. These included prohibitions on building new places of worship, repairing existing ones in areas where Muslims lived, teaching children the Qurʾān, and preventing relatives from conve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Bensoussan
Georges Bensoussan (born 17 February 1952) is a French historian. Bensoussan was born in Morocco. He is the editor of the '' Revue d'histoire de la Shoah'' ("Shoah History Review"). He won the Memory of the Shoah Prize from the Jacob Buchman Foundation in 2008. His ''Jews in Arab Countries: The Great Uprooting'' (originally published in French in 2012 as ''Juifs en pays arabes''), published in translation in 2019, is considered a definitive history of Jewish communities in the Arab world. On October 10, 2015, while on a radio program, he paraphrased Smaïn Laacher, a Muslim, Algerian professor of sociology at the Université de Strasbourg, by saying: "in French Arab families, babies suckle anti-Semitism with their mother’s milk;" in fact, in a lengthy discussion of Muslim antisemitism, Laacher had used the phrase: "It is like in the air we breathe". In response to these remarks, the Collective Against Islamophobia in France and the International League Against Racism and Anti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mogador
Essaouira ( ; ), known until the 1960s as Mogador (, or ), is a port city in the western Morocco, Moroccan region of Marrakesh-Safi, on the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coast. It has 77,966 inhabitants as of 2014. The foundation of the city of Essaouira was the work of the Moroccan 'Alawi dynasty, 'Alawid sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah, Mohammed bin Abdallah, who made an original experiment by entrusting it to several architects in 1760, in particular Théodore Cornut and Ahmed el Inglizi, Ahmed al-Inglizi, who designed the city using French captives from the failed Larache expedition, French expedition to Larache in 1765, and with the mission of building a city adapted to the needs of foreign merchants. Once built, it continued to grow and experienced a golden age and exceptional development, becoming the country's most important commercial port but also its diplomatic capital between the end of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century. Medina of Essaouira was designate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Jews In Morocco
The history of the Jews in Morocco goes back to ancient times. Moroccan Jews constitute an ancient community, with the oldest irrefutable evidence of Judaism in Morocco dating back to the Roman period. After the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, Jews would become the primary religious minority group, particularly after the Almohad Caliphate, Almohad period and the departure of the Christians. The Jewish communities in Morocco have historically been diverse, with significant differences between urban and rural populations, Toshavim and Megorashim, and inhabitants of different cities and regions. It was not uncommon for different Jewish communities in Morocco to speak different Languages of Morocco, languages, including Judeo-Moroccan Arabic, Darija, Judeo-Berber language, Tamazight, Haketia, or French language, French. Jews in Morocco traditionally lived together in communities, whether in Jewish villages in rural areas or, particularly after the 15th century and especially from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antisemitism In Morocco
This is a partial list of countries where Antisemitism, antisemitic sentiment has been experienced. Africa Algeria Upon independence in 1962 only Muslims were permitted Algerian citizenship, and 95% of Algeria's 140,000 Jewish population left. Since 1870 (briefly revoked by Vichy France in 1940), most Jews in Algeria had French citizenship, and they mainly went to France, with some going to Israel. By 1969, fewer than 1,000 Jews were still living in Algeria. By 1975 the government had seized all but one of the country's synagogues and converted them to mosques or libraries. Cameroon In February 2019, deputy justice minister Jean de Dieu Momo advanced an antisemitic canard during prime time on Cameroon Radio Television, and Victim blaming, suggested that Jewish people had brought the holocaust upon themselves. Egypt Professor Peter Schafer of the Free University of Berlin, Freie University of Berlin has argued that antisemitism was first spread by "the Greeks, Greek retellin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
