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Ruppia Occidentalis
''Ruppia'', also known as the widgeonweeds, ditch grasses or widgeon grass, is the only extant genus in the family Ruppiaceae, with 11 known species. These are aquatic plants widespread over much of the world. The genus name honours Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius, Heinrich Bernhard Rupp, a German botanist (1688–1719). They are widespread outside of frigid zones and the tropics. Description The leaf is simple and not Rhizome, rhizomatous. They can be annual (commonly) or perennial (rarely); stem growth is conspicuously Sympodial branching, sympodial, but sometimes is not. These species are adapted to be in Brackish water, brackish water (and salt marshes). The leaves are small or medium-sized. Their disposition can be alternate, opposite, or whorled (usually alternate except when subtending an inflorescence). Even, lamina keep entire and are setaceous or linear. The leaf just shows one vein without cross-venules. Stomata are not present. The mesophyll leaks calcium oxalate crystals. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Fedorowitsch Horaninow
Paul may refer to: People * Paul (given name), a given name, including a list of people * Paul (surname), a list of people * Paul the Apostle, an apostle who wrote many of the books of the New Testament * Ray Hildebrand, half of the singing duo Paul & Paula * Paul Stookey, one-third of the folk music trio Peter, Paul and Mary * Billy Paul, stage name of American soul singer Paul Williams (1934–2016) * Vinnie Paul, drummer for American Metal band Pantera * Paul Avril, pseudonym of Édouard-Henri Avril (1849–1928), French painter and commercial artist * Paul, pen name under which Walter Scott wrote ''Paul's letters to his Kinsfolk'' in 1816 * Jean Paul, pen name of Johann Paul Friedrich Richter (1763–1825), German Romantic writer Places *Paul, Cornwall, a village in the civil parish of Penzance, United Kingdom *Paul (civil parish), Cornwall, United Kingdom *Paul, Alabama, United States, an unincorporated community *Paul, Idaho, United States, a city *Paul, Nebraska, United Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruppia Megacarpa
''Ruppia megacarpa'' is a submerged herb species in the genus ''Ruppia ''Ruppia'', also known as the widgeonweeds, ditch grasses or widgeon grass, is the only extant genus in the family Ruppiaceae, with 11 known species. These are aquatic plants widespread over much of the world. The genus name honours Heinrich Be ...'' found in shallow brackish waters. It is a common on Australasian coasts, including Australia ( NSW; SA; Vic; WA and New Zealand (type locality).Jacobs, S.W.L. and M.A. Brock (1982) A revision of the genus ''Ruppia'' (Potamogetonaceae) in Australia. ''Aquatic Botany'' 14: 325–337 Isolated populations have been currently found in East Asia, including Japan, Korea, and Far East Russia,Ito, Y., T. Ohi-Toma, J. Murata, and Nr. Tanaka (2010) Hybridization and polyploidy of an aquatic plant, ''Ruppia'' (Ruppiaceae), inferred from plastid and nuclear DNA phylogenies. ''American Journal of Botany'' 97: 1156–1167Ito, Y., T. Ohi-Toma, A. V. Skriptsova, M. Sasagawa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monocots
Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, ( Lilianae '' sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are flowering plants whose seeds contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. A monocot taxon has been in use for several decades, but with various ranks and under several different names. The APG IV system recognises its monophyly but does not assign it to a taxonomic rank, and instead uses the term "monocots" to refer to the group. Monocotyledons are contrasted with the dicotyledons, which have two cotyledons. Unlike the monocots however, the dicots are not monophyletic and the two cotyledons are instead the ancestral characteristic of all flowering plants. Botanists now classify dicots into the eudicots ("true dicots") and several basal lineages from which the monocots emerged. The monocots are extremely important economically, culturally, and ecologically, and make up a majority of plant biomass used in agriculture. Common crops such as dates, onions, garlic, rice, wheat, maize, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alismatales
The Alismatales (alismatids) are an order of flowering plants including about 4,500 species. Plants assigned to this order are mostly tropical or aquatic. Some grow in fresh water, some in marine habitats. Perhaps the most important food crop in the order is the taro plant, ''Colocasia esculenta''. Description The Alismatales comprise herbaceous flowering plants of often aquatic and marshy habitats, and the only monocots known to have green embryos other than the Amaryllidaceae. They also include the only marine angiosperms growing completely submerged, the seagrasses. The flowers are usually arranged in inflorescences, and the mature seeds lack endosperm. Both marine and freshwater forms include those with staminate flowers that detach from the parent plant and float to the surface. There they can pollinate carpellate flowers floating on the surface via long pedicels. In others, pollination occurs underwater, where pollen may form elongated strands, increasing chance of suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
APG System
The APG system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system) of plant classification is the first version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy. Published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, it was replaced by the improved APG II in 2003, APG III system in 2009 and APG IV system in 2016. History The original APG system is unusual in being based, not on total evidence, but on the cladistic analysis of the DNA sequences of three genes, two chloroplast genes and one gene coding for ribosomes. Although based on molecular evidence only, its constituent groups prove to be supported by other evidence as well, for example pollen morphology supports the split between the eudicots and the rest of the former dicotyledons. The system is rather controversial in its decisions at the family level, splitting a number of long-established families and submerging some other families. It also is unusual in not using botanical names above the level of order, that is, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
APG II System
The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly Molecular phylogenetics, molecular-based, list of systems of plant taxonomy, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003)An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II.''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' 141(4): 399-436. doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x It was a revision of the first APG system, published in 1998, and was superseded in 2009 by a further revision, the APG III system. __TOC__ History APG II was published as: *Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II". ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' 141(4): 399-436. (Available onlineAbstractFull text (HTML)Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnoliophyta
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed within a fruit. The group was formerly called Magnoliophyta. Angiosperms are by far the most diverse group of land plants with 64 orders, 416 families, approximately 13,000 known genera and 300,000 known species. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of broad-leaved trees, shrubs and vines, and most aquatic plants. Angiosperms are distinguished from the other major seed plant clade, the gymnosperms, by having flowers, xylem consisting of vessel elements instead of tracheids, endosperm within their seeds, and fruits that completely envelop the seeds. The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from the common ancestor of all living gymnosperms before the end of the Carboniferous, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liliopsida
Liliopsida Batsch (synonym: Liliatae) is a botanical name for the class containing the family Liliaceae (or Lily Family). It is considered synonymous (or nearly synonymous) with the name monocotyledon. Publication of the name is credited to Scopoli (in 1760): see author citation (botany). This name is formed by replacing the termination ''-aceae'' in the name Liliaceae by the termination ''-opsida'' (Art 16 of the ICBN). Although in principle it is true that circumscription of this class will vary with the taxonomic system being used, in practice this name is very strongly linked to the Cronquist system, and the allied Takhtajan system. These two are the only major systems to use the name, and in both these systems it refers to the group more widely known as the monocotyledons. Earlier systems referred to this group by the name Monocotyledones, with Monocotyledoneae an earlier spelling (these names may be used in any rank). Systems such as the Dahlgren and Thorne systems (more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alismatidae
{{Short description, Subclass of flowering plants Alismatidae is a botanical name at the rank of subclass. Circumscription of the subclass will vary with the taxonomic system being used (there are many such systems); the only requirement being that it includes the family Alismataceae. It is a relatively new name: earlier systems, such as the Engler and Wettstein systems, used the name Helobiae for a comparable unit. Alismatidae in the Takhtajan system The Takhtajan system treats this as one of six subclasses within the class Liliopsida (= monocotyledons). It consists of: * subclass Alismatidae *: superorder Alismatanae *:: order Butomales *:: order Hydrocharitales *:: order Najadales *:: order Alismatales *:: order Aponogetonales *:: order Juncaginales *:: order Potamogetonales *:: order Posidoniales *:: order Cymodoceales *:: order Zosterales Alismatidae in the Cronquist system The Cronquist system treats this as one of four subclasses within the class Liliopsid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Najadales
Najadales is the botanical name of an order of flowering plants. A well-known system that used this name is the Cronquist system (1981), which used this name for an order in subclass Alismatidae with this circumscription: * order Najadales ** family Aponogetonaceae ** family Scheuchzeriaceae ** family Juncaginaceae ** family Potamogetonaceae ** family Ruppiaceae ** family Najadaceae ** family Zannichelliaceae ** family Posidoniaceae ** family Cymodoceaceae ** family Zosteraceae The APG II system, used here, assigns the plants involved to the expanded order Alismatales, in the clade 'monocots Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, ( Lilianae '' sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are flowering plants whose seeds contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. A monocot taxon has been in use for several decades, but with various ranks a ...'. References {{reflist Historically recognized angiosperm orders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cronquist System
The Cronquist system is a list of systems of plant taxonomy, taxonomic classification system of angiosperms, flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including ''The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1968; 2nd edition, 1988) and ''An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1981) (''see'' #Bibliography, Bibliography). Cronquist's system places flowering plants into two broad classes, Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Within these classes, related orders are grouped into subclasses. While the scheme was widely used, in either the original form or in adapted versions, many botanists now use the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants, first developed in 1998. The system as laid out in Cronquist's ''An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1981) counts 64 orders and 321 families in class Magnoliopsida a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruppia Tuberosa
''Ruppia tuberosa'' is a submerged herb in the genus ''Ruppia ''Ruppia'', also known as the widgeonweeds, ditch grasses or widgeon grass, is the only extant genus in the family Ruppiaceae, with 11 known species. These are aquatic plants widespread over much of the world. The genus name honours Heinrich Be ...'' found in shallow hypersaline waters in Australia. Distribution and habitat This is a common submerged herb in Australian coasts, including NSW, SA, Vic, and WA (type locality).Jacobs, S.W.L. and M.A. Brock (1982) A revision of the genus ''Ruppia'' (Potamogetonaceae) in Australia. ''Aquatic Botany'' 14: 325–337 Description This aquatic herb is one of the early diverged species in the genus.Ito, Y., T. Ohi-Toma, J. Murata, and Nr. Tanaka (2010Hybridization and polyploidy of an aquatic plant, ''Ruppia'' (Ruppiaceae), inferred from plastid and nuclear DNA phylogenies ''American Journal of Botany'' 97: 1156-1167 Ecology The habitat is up to four times saltier than s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
