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Reich Security Main Office Referat IV B4
Reich Security Main Office Referat IV B4, known as RSHA IV B4 (German: ''Eichmannreferat'' IV D4 until March 1941, or ''Judenreferat''), was a sub-department of Germany's Reich Security Main Office (''Reichssicherheitshauptamt'' or RSHA) and the Gestapo during the Holocaust. Led by SS-''Obersturmbannführer'' Adolf Eichmann, RSHA IV B4 was responsible for "Jewish affairs and evacuation" in German-occupied Europe, and specifically for the deportation of Jews from outside Poland to concentration or extermination camps. Within Poland, the liquidation of the ghettos and transport of Jews was handled by the SS and local police departments. The sub-department was a natural successor to the Central Office for Jewish Emigration which had initially been established by Eichmann in Vienna in August 1938. On 24 January 1939, the ''Reich Central Office for Jewish Emigration'' (''Reichszentrale für jüdische Auswanderung'') was established in Berlin by Hermann Göring with Reinhard Heydrich as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf Eichmann, 1942
Adolf (also spelt Adolph or Adolphe, Adolfo, and when Latinised Adolphus) is a given name with German origins. The name is a compound derived from the Old High German ''Athalwolf'' (or ''Hadulf''), a composition of ''athal'', or ''adal'', meaning "noble" (or '' had(u)''-, meaning "battle, combat"), and ''wolf''. The name is cognate to the Anglo-Saxon name '' Æthelwulf'' (also Eadulf or Eadwulf). The name can also be derived from the ancient Germanic elements "Wald" meaning "power", "brightness" and wolf (Waldwulf). Due to its extremely negative associations with the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, the name has greatly declined in popularity since the end of World War II. Similar names include Lithuanian Adolfas and Latvian Ādolfs. The female forms Adolphine and Adolpha are far more rare than the male names. Adolphus can also appear as a surname, as in John Adolphus, the English historian. Popularity and usage During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Adolf was a popular name f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raul Hilberg
Raul Hilberg (June 2, 1926 – August 4, 2007) was a Jewish Austrian-born American political scientist and historian. He was widely considered to be the preeminent scholar on the Holocaust. Christopher R. Browning has called him the founding father of Holocaust studies and his three-volume, 1,273-page ''magnum opus'', '' The Destruction of the European Jews'', is regarded as seminal for research into the Nazi Final Solution. Life and career Hilberg was born in Vienna, Austria, to a Polish-speaking Jewish family. His father, a small-goods salesman, was born in a Galician village, moved to Vienna in his teens, was decorated for bravery on the Russian front in World War I, and married Hilberg's mother who was from Buczacz, now in Ukraine. The young Hilberg was a loner, pursuing solitary hobbies such as geography, music and train spotting. Though his parents attended a synagogue on occasion, he personally found the irrationality of religion repellent and developed an aversion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theo Dannecker
Theodor Dannecker (27 March 1913 – 10 December 1945) was a German SS-captain (), a key aide to Adolf Eichmann in the deportation of Jews during World War II. A trained lawyer, Dannecker first served at the Reich Security Main Office in Berlin before being sent to France as specialist on Nazi anti-Jewish policies (). Throughout the war Dannecker oversaw the implementation of the Final Solution sending Jewish men, women and children from France (1942), Bulgaria (1943), Italy (1944) and Hungary to Auschwitz concentration camp. Captured in 1945 by American soldiers, he committed suicide in prison. Early life After completing trade school, the Tübingen-born Dannecker first worked as a textile dealer until 1932 when he joined the Nazi Party and the SS. In 1934 he became a member of the (SS-VT), an independent unit of political combat troops at the disposal of the Nazi Party. In the same year he was a guard at the Columbia-Haus in Berlin, one of the first German concentration ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Burger
Anton "Toni" Burger (19 November 1911 – 25 December 1991) was a (Captain) in the German Nazi SS, in Greece (1944) and of Theresienstadt concentration camp. Military career Anton Burger was born in Neunkirchen, Austria, the son of a stationery dealer. He joined the Austrian Army in 1930 and the Austrian Nazi Party in 1932. In June 1933 the Nazi Party was officially banned in Austria by the government of Engelbert Dollfuss and Burger was dishonorably discharged from the army in July. He moved illegally to Lechfeld near Augsburg in Germany, where he became a member of the Austrian Legion, a paramilitary group composed of pro-Nazi Austrian expatriates. Shortly afterward he joined the ''Sturmabteilung'' (SA). In 1935 he received German citizenship and moved into the SA barracks.Karla Muller-Tupath, ''Verschollen in Deutschland. Vom heimlichen Leben des Anton Burger, Lagerkommandant in Theresienstadt'', Hamburg 1994; . Burger went to Vienna to participate with the Austrian Leg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alois Brunner
Alois Brunner (8 April 1912 – December 2001 or 2010) was an Austrian officer who held the rank of (captain) during World War II. Brunner played a significant role in the implementation of the Holocaust through rounding up and deporting Jews in occupied Austria, Greece, France, and Slovakia. He was known as Final Solution architect Adolf Eichmann's right-hand man. Brunner was responsible for sending over 100,000 European Jews from Austria, Greece, France and Slovakia to ghettos and concentration camps in eastern Europe. At the start of the war, he oversaw the deportation of 47,000 Austrian Jews to camps. In Greece, 43,000 Jews were deported in two months while he was stationed in Thessaloniki. He then became commander of the Drancy internment camp outside Paris from June 1943 to August 1944, during which nearly 24,000 men, women and children were sent to the gas chambers. His last assignment involved the destruction of the Jewish community of Slovakia. After some narrow escape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Abromeit
Franz Abromeit (8 August 1907 – 30 June 1964) was an SS officer and worked in the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). He was guilty of war crimes against Jews, but escaped from Germany at the end of World War II in Europe. In 1964 he was declared dead. Biography Abromeit was born in Tilsit, and in his youth he was a leather merchant. Abromeit joined the Nazi Party (member number 329,305) and the SS (member number 272,353). In 1937 he was promoted in rank to SS-''Untersturmführer'', in 1938 SS-''Obersturmführer'' and in 1940 SS-''Hauptsturmführer''. From 1939 to 1941 he served as head of the SD-Special Section for the Evacuation of Poles and Jews that forced resettlement from Danzig and West Prussia. From 1942 he was Jewish adviser to Croatia in the Jewish Section (IVB4) of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) under SS-''Obersturmbannführer'' Adolf Eichmann. 5,500 Jews were deported and most murdered. In 1944 he was employed with Eichmann, Dieter Wisliceny, Theodor D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Wisliceny
Dietrich "Dieter" Wisliceny (13 January 1911 – 4 May 1948) was a member of the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) and one of the deputies of Adolf Eichmann, helping to organise and coordinate the large-scale deportations of the Jews across Europe during the Holocaust. Life Dieter was born in 1911 as the son of the lord of the manor (''Rittergut Regulowken'') Erich Wisliceny (d. 1928) and his wife Wally, née Paul, in East Prussia. In 1919, after losing the estate, the family moved to Silesia. After graduating from Gymnasium in Breslau, Wisliceny began studying theology in 1930 at the University of Breslau, but dropped out after one semester. On 1 October 1931, Wisliceny became a member of the Nazi Party and of a formation of the ''Sturmabteilung'' (SA). In 1934, he switched from the SA to the SS and became a member of the SD. Wisliceny eventually rose to the rank of SS-'' Hauptsturmführer'' (captain) in 1940; he worked in the Reich Security Main Office Referat IV B4 under Adolf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Boßhammer
Friedrich Boßhammer (1906–1972) was a German jurist, SS-''Sturmbannführer'' and close associate of Adolf Eichmann, responsible for the deportation of the Italian Jews to extermination camps from January 1944 until the end of the war in Europe. He was arrested in West Germany in 1968 and stood trial. Boßhammer was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment in April 1972 for his involvement in the deportation of 3,300 Jews from Italy, but died before he could serve time in prison. Biography Boßhammer studied law in Cologne and Heidelberg, taking his first and second Staatsexamen, State examination in 1931 and 1935. Boßhammer joined the Nazi Party in 1933 and the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) in 1937. He worked for the Gestapo in Wiesbaden and Kassel before becoming a close associate of Adolf Eichmann in 1942, when he became involved in the Final Solution, the genocide on the Jews. Boßhammer was a convinced anti-Semite who saw Jews as sub-humans and fully supported the work of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Suhr
Friedrich Suhr (6 May 1907 – 31 May 1946) was a German lawyer and SS-''Obersturmbannführer''. He worked in the Reich Security Main Office under Adolf Eichmann. During the Second World War, he led ''Einsatzkommando'' death squads in Ukraine. He also served as the SiPo and SD commander in occupied France and was the SS and Police Leader in '' Oberelsaß'' (Upper Alsace). After the war, he committed suicide while in Allied custody. Early life Suhr was born in Lüneburg and pursued a legal career at the University of Göttingen and the University of Freiburg, receiving a Doctor of Law degree. He joined the SS (membership number 65,824) on 1 February 1933, and the Nazi Party on 1 May 1933 (member number 2,623,241). He practiced law and, after the Nazi seizure of power, he was made a Government Counselor (''Regierungsrat''). Work in the SS legal bureaucracy Suhr was commissioned an SS-''Hauptsturmführer'' in the ''Sicherheitspolizei'' (Security Police, or SiPo) on 9 Novembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Novak
Franz Novak (10 January 1913 – 21 October 1983Berndt Rieger: ''Der Fahrdienstleiter des Todes. Franz Novak, der transportexperte Eichmanns. Eine Biographie'', Norderstedt 2001, S.127f) was an Austrian SS-''Hauptsturmführer'' (captain). He was Adolf Eichmann's railway and transportation timetable expert, and coordinated the railway deportation of European Jews to concentration and extermination camps. Biography Novak left school in 1928 and began an apprenticeship in printing in Wolfsberg. He printed the ''Unterkärntner Nachrichten'', an anti-semitic local newspaper, close to the Greater German People's Party. In October 1929, he became a member of the Hitler Youth. In April 1933, he joined the SA, a month after joining the Nazi Party. After the party was banned in Austria in July 1933, he joined illegally and became chief of the Wolfsberg section of the NSBO and SA leader. He participated in the July Putsch against Engelbert Dollfuss in July 1934. After its failure, he fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolf Günther believed him to have definitely survived the war and made his way to an unknown location o ...
Rolf Günther (8 January 1913 – August 1945) was a German functionary who served in the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) as an ''Sturmbannführer'' and who acted as deputy to Adolf Eichmann. He first joined the ''Sturmabteilung'' (SA) in 1929 and became dedicated to the Nazi cause. Günther was responsible for the deportation of Jews from Salonika to Auschwitz concentration camp, with assistance from Alois Brunner. His brother Hans Günther was head of the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Prague. Günther committed suicide by poison in August 1945 while being held by the Americans in an Ebensee prison, however Adolf Eichmann Otto Adolf Eichmann ( ; ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. ; 19 March 1906 – 1 Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Hartl
Albert Hartl (13 November 1904 – 14 December 1982) was a former Catholic priest in Germany who joined the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) in 1933 and the Sicherheitsdienst (SD, an intelligence agency) the following year. Early life and education Hartl studied for the priesthood from 1916 to 1929 at a seminary in Freising and the University of Munich. He was ordained in 1929 by the Archbishop of Munich Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber and began teaching, including at the Freising seminary. Career with SD While teaching at Friesing, Hartl became involved with a group of priests who had joined the Nazi Party, and in 1933 he signed up as a paid SD informant. He reported Father Josef Rossberger, apparently his best friend, for anti-Nazi activity, which led to Rossberger's trial and imprisonment, and Hartl becoming a ''Mentorship, protégé'' of Reinhard Heydrich, head of the SD. Consequently Hartl renounced the priesthood and joined the SD himself. In 1935, accordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
