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Quranist Islam
Quranism () is an Islamic movement that holds the belief that the Quran is the only valid source of religious belief, guidance, and law in Islam. Quranists believe that the Quran is clear, complete, and that it can be fully understood without recourse to the hadith and sunnah. Therefore, they use the Quran itself to interpret the Quran, an exegetical principle known as . In matters of faith, jurisprudence, and legislation, Quranists differ from Sunnis, who consider the hadith, , , opinions attributed to the , and Islam's legislative authority in matters of law and creed in addition to the Quran. Hadith-espousing sects of Islam differ with one another over which hadith they view as reliable, but their hadith collections are mostly overlapping. In contrast, Quranists do not advance another corpus of assertedly authoritative hadith; rather, they criticize hadith altogether and do not recognize any as authoritative. Whereas hadith-followers believe that obedience to the Islamic p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Schools And Branches
Islamic schools and branches have different understandings of Islam. There are many different sects or denominations, Madhhab, schools of Islamic jurisprudence, and schools of Islamic theology, or ''Aqidah, ʿaqīdah'' (creed). Within Sunni Islam, Sunnī Islam, there may be differences, such as different orders (''tariqa'') within Sufism, different schools of theology (Traditionalist theology (Islam), Atharī, Ash'ari, Ashʿarī, Maturidi, Māturīdī) and jurisprudence (Hanafi, Ḥanafī, Maliki, Mālikī, Shafiʽi school, Shāfiʿī, Hanbali, Ḥanbalī). Groups in Islam may be numerous (Sunni Islam, Sunnīs make up 87-90% of all Muslims), or relatively small in size (Ibadi Islam, Ibadis, Isma'ilism, Ismāʿīlīs, Zaydism, Zaydīs). Differences between the groups may not be well known to Muslims outside of scholarly circles, or may have induced enough passion to have resulted in Political violence, political and religious violence (Barelvism, Deobandism, Salafism, Wahhabism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (, ; ) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Uthman ibn Affan, the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a member of the clan. The family established dynastic, hereditary rule with Mu'awiya I, the long-time governor of Bilad al-Sham, Greater Syria, who became caliph after the end of the First Fitna in 661. After Mu'awiya's death in 680, conflicts over the succession resulted in the Second Fitna, and power eventually fell to Marwan I, from another branch of the clan. Syria remained the Umayyads' main power base thereafter, with Damascus as their capital. The Umayyads continued the Early Muslim conquests, Muslim conquests, conquering Ifriqiya, Transoxiana, Sind (caliphal province), Sind, the Maghreb and Hispania (al-Andalus). At its greatest extent (661–750), the Umayyad Caliphate covered , making it one of the largest empires in history in terms of ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shafa'a
''Shafa'a(h)'' (, "intercession") in Islam is the act of pleading to God in Islam, God by an Wali, intimate friend of God (a Muslim Wali, saint) for forgiveness of a believing sinner. The word ''Shafa'ah'' is taken from ''shaf '' () which means ''even'' as opposed to ''odd''. The interceder, therefore, adds his own recommendation to that of petitioner so that there are two individuals—an even number—pleading for forgiveness. The prestige of the intercessor strengthens the otherwise weak plea of the sinner. Accordingly, ''Shafa'ah'' is a form of prayer to God by one who is near to Him on behalf of a member of the believing community seeking deliverance from eternal damnation (though not necessarily from temporary punishment). Controversies concerning ''Shafa'at'' have arisen over who may intercede with God. Some maintain that supporters of Wahhabism deny the Shafa’ah of Muhammad, while at least some supporters insist they only oppose the seeking of Shafa’ah from "the dead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punishment Of The Grave
Punishment of the Grave (, also translated Torment of the Grave) is a Islamic–Jewish relations, Judeo-Islamic concept about the time between Islamic view of death, death and resurrection on the Day of Judgement. According to some hadiths, the souls of the unrighteous are punished by Munkar and Nakir, two angels in the grave, while the righteous find the grave "peaceful and blessed".#JACBMM2014, J. A. C. Brown, ''Misquoting Muhammad'', 2014: p. 46 The punishment of the grave is not mentioned in the Quran, although it is mentioned in the hadiths such as those compiled by Ibn Hanbal and appears as early as the 9th century, still present among the majority of Sunnism, Sunnis and Shias. A similar concept can be found in the Jewish narrative in which the wicked are punished by Destroying angel (Bible), angels of destruction in an intermediary state between the resurrection of the dead and the individual death. Religions Islam The Quran itself gives very brief references about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dajjal
Al-Masih ad-Dajjal (), otherwise referred to simply as the Dajjal, is an evil figure in Islamic eschatology who will pretend to be the promised Messiah and later claim to be God, appearing before the Day of Judgment according to the Islamic eschatological narrative. The Dajjal is not mentioned in the Quran, but he is mentioned and described in the Hadith. Corresponding to the Antichrist in Christianity, the Dajjal is said to emerge out in the East, although the specific location varies among the various sources. The Dajjal will imitate the miracles performed by Jesus, such as healing the sick and raising the dead, the latter done with the aid of demons. He will deceive many people such as weavers, magicians and children of fornication. Etymology ' () is the superlative form of the root word ' meaning "lie" or "deception". It means "deceiver" and also appears in Syriac ( , "false, deceitful; spurious"). The compound ', with the definite article '' al-'' ("the"), refers to " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kufa
Kufa ( ), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about south of Baghdad, and northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates, Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000. Along with Samarra, Karbala, Kadhimiya and Najaf, Kufa is one of five Iraqi cities that are of great importance to Shia Islam, Shi'ite Muslims. The city was founded in 638 Common Era, CE (17 Hijra (Islam), Hijrah) during the reign of the second Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and it was the final capital of the last Rashidun Caliphate, Rashidun Caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Kufa was also the founding capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Islamic Golden Age it was home to the grammarians of Kufa. Kufic, Kufic script is named for the city. The Palestinian keffiyeh, also known as kufiya and worn by Arab men, was Cultural appropriation, appropriated from Kufa, and is worn today to convey Cultural diversity, diverse political sentiments. Due to heightened global consumer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naskh (tafsir)
''Naskh'' ( نسخ) is an Arabic word usually translated as " abrogation". In tafsir, or Islamic legal exegesis, ''naskh'' recognizes that one rule might not always be suitable for every situation. In the widely recognized Burton, "Those Are the High-Flying Cranes", ''JSS'', 15, 1970, p. 250. and "classic" form of ''naskh'',Hazimi, Abu Bakr. Al-I'tbar, 5-6. Burton, ''Islamic Theories of Abrogation'', 1990, p. 56. one '' ḥukm'' "ruling" is abrogated to introduce an exception to the general rule, but the text the ''ḥukm'' is based on is not repealed. Burton, "The Exegesis of Q.2:106", ''BSOAS'', 48, 1985, p. 456. Some examples of Islamic rulings based on ''naskh'' include a gradual ban on consumption of alcohol (originally alcohol was not banned, but Muslims were told that the bad outweighed the good in drinking) and a change in the direction of the qibla, the direction that should be faced when praying salat (originally Muslims faced Jerusalem, but this was changed to face the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Injil
Injil (, alternative spellings: ''Ingil'' or ''Injeel'') is the Arabic name for the Gospel of Jesus ( Isa). This ''Injil'' is described by the Quran as one of the four Islamic holy books which was revealed by Allah, the others being the Zabur (traditionally understood as being the Psalms), the Tawrat (the Torah), and the Quran itself. The word ''Injil'' is also used in the Quran, the hadith and early Muslim documents to refer to both a book and revelations made by God to Jesus. Etymology The Arabic word ''Injīl'' () as found in Islamic texts, now used also by non-Arab Muslims and non-Muslim Arabs, comes from the found in the ''Peshitta'', the Syriac translation of the Bible. This, in turn, derives from of the New Testament, where it means “good news” (compare Old English ''gōdspel''; Modern English ''gospel'', or ''evangel'' as an archaism In language, an archaism is a word, a sense of a word, or a style of speech or writing that belongs to a historical epoch beyond l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tawrat
In Islam, the Torah ( ) is regarded as an Islamic holy book that was revealed by God to guide the Israelites. In the Quran, the word "Tawrat" appears eighteen times, particularly in passages mentioning the Jewish people or their history, including Jewish prophets who are also regarded as Islamic prophets and messengers, such as Moses. The Torah is held by Muslims in identification with other books of the Hebrew Bible and with Jewish writings and exegeses in the Talmud and Midrash. Quran The word Tawrat occurs eighteen times in the Quran and the name of Musa is mentioned 136 times in the Quran; nowhere in the Quran is it written that Moses alone was given the Tawrat, but on the contrary it is written in the Quran that the prophets governed with the Tawrat. As per Quran, the governing ayats containing an order of God is the Tawrat. The Law mentioned in the Quran (5:45): Similarly it is mentioned in Exodus: According to 7:157, Muhammad is written about in both the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bible
The Bible is a collection of religious texts that are central to Christianity and Judaism, and esteemed in other Abrahamic religions such as Islam. The Bible is an anthology (a compilation of texts of a variety of forms) originally written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Koine Greek. The texts include instructions, stories, poetry, prophecies, and other genres. The collection of materials accepted as part of the Bible by a particular religious tradition or community is called a biblical canon. Believers generally consider it to be a product of divine inspiration, but the way they understand what that means and interpret the text varies. The religious texts were compiled by different religious communities into various official collections. The earliest contained the first five books of the Bible, called the Torah in Hebrew and the Pentateuch (meaning 'five books') in Greek. The second-oldest part was a collection of narrative histories and prophecies (the Nevi'im). The third co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a physiographic region of Asia below the Himalayas which projects into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. It is now divided between Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. (subscription required) Although the terms "Indian subcontinent" and "South Asia" are often also used interchangeably to denote a wider region which includes, in addition, Bhutan, the Maldives, Nepal and Sri Lanka, the "Indian subcontinent" is more of a geophysical term, whereas "South Asia" is more geopolitical. "South Asia" frequently also includes Afghanistan, which is not considered part of the subcontinent even in extended usage.Jim Norwine & Alfonso González, ''The Third World: states of mind and being'', pages 209, Taylor & Francis, 1988, Quote: ""The term "South Asia" also signifies the Indian Subcontinent""Raj S. Bhopal, ''Ethnicity, race, and health in multicultural societies'', pages 33, Oxford University Press, 2007, ; Q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egypt
Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northern coast of Egypt, the north, the Gaza Strip of Palestine and Israel to Egypt–Israel barrier, the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to Egypt–Sudan border, the south, and Libya to Egypt–Libya border, the west; the Gulf of Aqaba in the northeast separates Egypt from Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Cairo is the capital, list of cities and towns in Egypt, largest city, and leading cultural center, while Alexandria is the second-largest city and an important hub of industry and tourism. With over 109 million inhabitants, Egypt is the List of African countries by population, third-most populous country in Africa and List of countries and dependencies by population, 15th-most populated in the world. Egypt has one of the longest histories o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
