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Psychotria
''Psychotria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It contains 1,582 species and is therefore one of the largest genera of flowering plants. The genus has a pantropical distribution and members of the genus are small understorey trees in tropical forests. Some species are endangered or facing extinction due to deforestation, especially species of central Africa and the Pacific. Many species, including '' Psychotria viridis'', produce the psychedelic chemical dimethyltryptamine (DMT). Selected species * ''Psychotria abdita'' * '' Psychotria acutiflora'' * ''Psychotria adamsonii'' * ''Psychotria alsophila'' * ''Psychotria angustata'' * ''Psychotria atricaulis'' * '' Psychotria beddomei'' * '' Psychotria bimbiensis'' * ''Psychotria bryonicola'' * ''Psychotria camerunensis'' * ''Psychotria capensis'' * ''Psychotria carronis'' * '' Psychotria carthagenensis'' * ''Psychotria cathetoneura'' * ''Psychotria cernua' * ''Psychotria chalconeura'' * ''Psychotria chimb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 13,500 species in about 620 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include '' Coffea'', the source of coffee, '' Cinchona'', the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine, ornamental cultivars (''e.g.'', '' Gardenia'', '' Ixora'', '' Pentas''), and historically some dye plants (''e.g.'', '' Rubia''). Description The Rubiaceae are morphologically easily recognizable as a coherent group by a combination of characters: opposite or whorled leaves that are simple and entire, interpetiolar sti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychotria Punctata
''Psychotria punctata'', the dotted wild coffee, is a species of plants in the family Rubiaceae. Distribution This species can be found from Southern Somalia to Mozambique and Comoros. References Catalogue of LifeThe Plant List Psychotria, punctata {{Psychotria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Moritz Schumann
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist. Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsche Kakteen-Gesellschaft'' (German Cactus Society) which he founded on 6 November 1892. He died in Berlin. Karl Moritz Schumann participated as a collaborator in '' Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien'' by Adolf Engler and K. A. E. Prantl and in '' Flora Brasiliensis'' by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius. The genera ''Schumannianthus'' ( Gagnepain), '' Schumanniophyton'' (Harms Harms surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Chris Harms (born 1956), Australian cricketer * Claus Harms (1778–1855), German evangelical minister * Daniil Harms (1905–1942), English transcription: Daniil Kharms, Russian writer * ...), '' Schumannia'' ( Kuntze) and several species were named after him, including: Bibliography * Schumann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambroise Marie François Joseph Palisot De Beauvois
Ambroise Marie François Joseph Palisot, Baron de Beauvois (27 July 1752, in Arras – 21 January 1820, in Paris) was a French naturalist and zoologist. Palisot collected insects in Oware, Benin, Saint Domingue, and the United States, from 1786 to 1797. Trained as a botanist, Palisot published a significant entomological paper entitled, "Insectes Receuillis en Afrique et en Amerique". Together with Frederick Valentine Melsheimer, he was one of the first entomologists to collect and describe American insects. He described many common insects and suggested an ordinal classification of insects. He described many Scarabaeidae as well as illustrating them for the first time. The study included 39 ''Scarabaeus'' species, 17 '' Copris'' species, 7 ''Trox'' species, 4 ''Cetonia'' and 4 ''Trichius'' species. Familiar beetles such as ''Canthon viridis'', ''Macrodactylus angustatus'' and ''Osmoderma scabra'' were first described by him. Many of the specimens that were labelled from Americ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. In wider definitions, the taller palms, tree ferns, bananas, and bamboos are also trees. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. The majority of tree species are angiosperms or hardwoods; of the rest, many are gymnosperms or softwoods. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. It is estimated that there are some three trillion mature trees in the world. A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Understorey
In forestry and ecology, understory (American English), or understorey (Commonwealth English), also known as underbrush or undergrowth, includes plant life growing beneath the forest canopy without penetrating it to any great extent, but above the forest floor. Only a small percentage of light penetrates the canopy so understory vegetation is generally shade-tolerant. The understory typically consists of trees stunted through lack of light, other small trees with low light requirements, saplings, shrubs, vines and undergrowth. Small trees such as holly and dogwood are understory specialists. In temperate deciduous forests, many understory plants start into growth earlier in the year than the canopy trees, to make use of the greater availability of light at that particular time of year. A gap in the canopy caused by the death of a tree stimulates the potential emergent trees into competitive growth as they grow upwards to fill the gap. These trees tend to have straight trunk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flowering Plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of broad-leaved trees, shrubs and vines, and most aquatic plants. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ἀγγεῖον / ('container, vessel') and σπέρμα / ('seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed within a fruit. They are by far the most diverse group of land plants with 64 orders, 416 families, approximately 13,000 known genera and 300,000 known species. Angiosperms were formerly called Magnoliophyta (). Angiosperms are distinguished from the other seed-producing plants, the gymnosperms, by having flowers, xylem consisting of vessel elements instead of tracheids, endosperm within their seeds, and fruits that completely envelop the seeds. The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from the common ance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Ernest Baillon
Henri Ernest Baillon was a French botanist and physician. He was born in Calais on 30 November 1827 and died in Paris on 19 July 1895. Baillon spent his professional life as a professor of natural history, and he published numerous works on botany. He was appointed to the Légion d'honneur in 1867 and joined the Royal Society The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, r ... in 1894. Baillon put together the "Dictionnaire de botanique", for which Auguste Faguet produced the wood engravings. The plant genus '' Baillonia'' (family Verbenaceae) was named in his honor by Henri Théophile Bocquillon. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Heynhold
Gustav Heynhold (or ''Gustav Heinhold''; 1800–1860) was a German botanist who worked at the botanic gardens of Dresden and Frankfurt. In 1828 he was in Trieste where he carried out mapping and published "Uebersicht der Vegetation in den Umgebungen Triest's; von Hrn. Gustav Heynhold zu Dresden." His best-known work was the ''Nomenclator Botanicus Hortensis'', an index of the botanical names of garden plants. It is not certain whether he had an academic degree or title. In 1846 the "Botanischen Centralblatt für Deutschland" listed him as a private scholar in Dresden. In total he was responsible for naming some 426 plant species. In 1841, he renamed ''Arabis thaliana'' as ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' (L.) Heynh. ''Arabidopsis'' was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, and is frequently used as a model for understanding the molecular biology of many plant traits, including flower development and light sensing. Works * ''Das natürliche Pflanzensystem : ein Versuch, die gege ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
