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Prince Zhuang
Prince Zhuang of the First Rank (Manchu: ; ''hošoi ambalinggū cin wang''), or simply Prince Zhuang, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). It was also one of the 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded. The first bearer of the title was Šose (1629–1655), the fifth son of Hong Taiji, the second ruler of the Qing dynasty. He was awarded the title Prince Chengze of the First Rank (Manchu: ; ''hošoi kesingge cin wang''; Prince Chengze) in 1651 by his father. The peerage was renamed to "Prince Zhuang of the First Rank" when it was passed down to Šose's eldest son, Boguoduo (博果鐸; 1650–1723). In 1723, by decree of the Yongzheng Emperor, the emperor's 16th brother, Yunlu (1695–1767), inherited the Prince Zhuang peerage from Boguoduo because Boguoduo had no son to succeed him. During the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, the peer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchu Language
Manchu (Manchu:, ) is a critically endangered East Asian Tungusic language native to the historical region of Manchuria in Northeast China. As the traditional native language of the Manchus, it was one of the official languages of the Qing dynasty (1636–1912) of China, although today the vast majority of Manchus speak only Mandarin Chinese. Several thousand can speak Manchu as a second language through governmental primary education or free classes for adults in classrooms or online. The Manchu language enjoys high historical value for historians of China, especially for the Qing dynasty. Manchu-language texts supply information that is unavailable in Chinese, and when both Manchu and Chinese versions of a given text exist they provide controls for understanding the Chinese. Like most Siberian languages, Manchu is an agglutinative language that demonstrates limited vowel harmony. It has been demonstrated that it is derived mainly from the Jurchen language though there ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nurhaci
Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing (), was a Jurchen chieftain who rose to prominence in the late 16th century in Manchuria. A member of the House of Aisin-Gioro, he reigned as the founding khan of the Later Jin dynasty of China from 1616 to 1626. Nurhaci reorganized and united various Jurchen tribes (the later "Manchu"), consolidated the Eight Banners military system, and eventually launched attacks on both the Ming and Joseon dynasties. His conquest of Ming dynasty's northeastern Liaodong region laid the groundwork for the Qing conquest of the Ming by his descendants, who founded the Qing dynasty in 1636. He is also generally credited with ordering the creation of a new written script for the Manchu language based on the Mongolian vertical script. Name and titles Nurhaci is written as in Manchu language. Some suggest that the meaning of the name in the Manchu language is "the skin of a wild boar", ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Draft History Of Qing
The ''Draft History of Qing'' () is a draft of the official history of the Qing dynasty compiled and written by a team of over 100 historians led by Zhao Erxun who were hired by the Beiyang government of the Republic of China. The draft was published in 1928, but the Chinese Civil War caused a lack of funding for the project and it was put to an end in 1930. The two sides of the Chinese civil war, the People's Republic of China and Republic of China have attempted to complete it. History The Qing imperial court had long established a Bureau of State Historiography and precompiled its own dynastic history. The massive book was started in 1914, and the rough copy was finished in about 1927. 1,100 copies of the book were published. The Beiyang government moved 400 of the original draft into the northern provinces, where it re-edited the content twice, thus creating three different copies of the book. It was banned by the Nationalist Government in 1930. Historian Hsi-yuan Chen wr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Hui (second Rank)
Prince Hui of the Second Rank, or simply Prince Hui, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Hui peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank ''vis-à-vis'' that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a ''feng'en fuguo gong'' except under special circumstances. The first bearer of the title was Bo'erguoluo (博爾果洛), Šose's second son and a great-grandson of Nurhaci (the founder of the Qing dynasty). In 1665, Bo'erguoluo was granted the title "Prince Hui of the Second Rank" by the Kangxi Emperor. The title was passed down over four generations and held by three persons. Members of the Prince Hui peerage * Bo'erguoluo (博爾果洛; 1651–1712), Šose's second son, held the title Prince Hui of the Second Rank from 1665 to 1684, stri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaixun, Prince Zhuang
Zaixun (24 January 1853 – 21 February 1901), formally known as Prince Zhuang, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. He is best known for his involvement in the Boxer Rebellion. Life Zaixun was born in the Aisin Gioro clan as the second son of Yiren (奕仁; 1824–1874), the ninth successor to the Prince Zhuang peerage, one of the 12 " iron-cap" princely peerages of the Qing dynasty. Born during the reign of the Xianfeng Emperor, Zaixun initially held the title of a ''fuguo gong''. In 1875, during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor, he was promoted to ''qinwang'' (first-rank prince), and inherited the title "Prince Zhuang of the First Rank" (莊親王) from his father. In 1900, Zaixun strongly advocated making use of the Righteous and Harmonious Society (or "Boxers") to counter foreign aggression. The following year, after Empress Dowager Cixi issued the Imperial Decree of declaration of war against foreign powers, war broke out between the Qing Empire and Eight-Nation A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yongchang (prince)
Aisin Gioro Yongchang （；1737-1788）was Qing dynasty imperial prince as the eldest son of Hongpu and Yunlu's grandson. After Yunlu was adopted into Prince Zhuang peerage, his successors followed suit. Thus, Yongchang became the fifth in the line of the Prince Zhuang of the First Rank . Life Yongchang was born in 1737 to Hongpu's secondary consort, lady Guo, as Yongcong. In 1746, when Qianlong Emperor's seventh son, Yongcong was born, second character in his name was changed to 'chang' so as to avoid naming taboo, which prohibited a replication of a character in the personal name of imperial prince being direct descendant of an emperor. In 1743, Yongchang inherited his father as a duke of the second rank (辅国公). In 1768, he became the fourth Prince Zhuang of the First Rank after the death of his grandfather. At that time, promotional ceremony was organised after the sacrificial rites at the Temple of Agriculture. List of the princes promoted at the same time included H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hongpu
Hongpu (莊親王 弘普; 9 August 1713 – 16 April 1743) was Qing dynasty imperial peer prince and second son of Yunlu, Prince Zhuang Ke of the First Rank. Although he never held a title of the prince of the first rank, his eldest son was selected to succeed the Prince Zhuang peerage. Life Hongpu was born on 9 August 1713 to secondary princess consort Zhuangke of the First Rank, lady Li. He had two biological brothers, Honghao and Hongming. In 1723, Hongpu's father, Yunlu, was adopted into the Prince Zhuang peerage after the death of Boguoduo, Šose's eldest son. In 1736, Hongpu was granted a title of the prince of the fourth rank by his paternal cousin. In 1739, second Prince Li of the First Rank, Hongxi, was accused of rebellion. While Qianlong Emperor was staying in the Chengde Mountain Resort, Hongpu sent his people to report an urgent secret matter, but was arrested at the High Copper Wall. After the return from the imperial hunt, Hongpu was demoted to grace defender d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kangxi Emperor
The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654– 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to 1722. The Kangxi Emperor's reign of 61 years makes him the longest-reigning emperor in Chinese history (although his grandson, the Qianlong Emperor, had the longest period of ''de facto'' power, ascending as an adult and maintaining effective power until his death) and one of the longest-reigning rulers in history. However, since he ascended the throne at the age of seven, actual power was held for six years by four regents and his grandmother, the Grand Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang. The Kangxi Emperor is considered one of China's greatest emperors. He suppressed the Revolt of the Three Feudatories, forced the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan and assorted Mongol rebels in the North and Northwest to submit to Qing rule, and blocked Tsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yunlu
Yunlu (28 July 1695 – 20 March 1767), born Yinlu, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. Yunlu was born in the Aisin Gioro clan as the 16th son of the Kangxi Emperor. His mother was Consort Mi (密妃), a Han Chinese with the family name Wang. He was good in mathematics and musical tuning. Boguoduo (博果鐸), the 2nd Prince Zhuang of the First Rank, died in 1723 without an heir. Yunlu was adopted as his heir and inherited his peerage. Yunlu was trusted by Yongzheng Emperor. In 1723, the emperor became seriously ill, Yunlu was appointed as one of regents together with Yunli, Ortai and Zhang Tingyu to assist the new emperor. Hongxi (弘晳), the 2nd Prince Li of the First Rank, was found guilty of rebellion in 1739. Yunlu was implicated in the case and stripped of official position. He returned to politics and managed ''department of sacrificial rite music'' ( 神樂署) in 1742, but was no longer trusted by Qianlong Emperor. He died in 1767, and was granted th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boguoduo
Boguoduo（Chinese: , Manchu: ᠪᠣᡤᠣᡩᠠ; Abkai: Boggoda；1650-1723) was a member of Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, a grandson of Hong Taiji, the eldest son of the Prince Chengzeyu Shuose and a paternal cousin of the Kangxi Emperor. Life Boguoduo was born in 1650 to Shuose's primary consort, lady Nara. In 1655, he inherited the Prince Chengze peerage after his father's death under the name "Prince Zhuang of the First Rank" . His second daughter, Daokexin, was raised in the imperial palace and granted a title of the Princess of the Third Rank. According to the tradition, a daughter of the imperial prince adopted into imperial household could receive a title of imperial princess (gongzhu). This honour was bestowed upon his adopted granddaughter, later known as Princess Duanrou of the Second Rank. Boguoduo died in 1723 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhuangjing of the First Rank（庄靖亲王, "zhuangjing" meaning "dignified and quiet"). He was succeeded by Yongzheng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Zaixun Of China In Court Robe
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word ''prince'', from the Latin noun , from (first) and (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince". Historical background The Latin word (older Latin *prīsmo-kaps, literally "the one who takes the first lace/position), became the usual title of the informal leader of the Roman senate some centuries before the transition to empire, the ''princeps senatus''. Emperor Augustus established the formal position of monarch on the basis of principate, not dominion. He also tasked his grandsons as summer rulers of the city when most of the government were on holiday in the country or attending religious rituals, and, for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Šurhaci
Šurhaci (; ; 1564 – 25 September 1611), was a Jurchen leader, a member of the Aisin Gioro clan, he was a younger brother of Nurhaci, the founder of the Later Jin dynasty, the predecessor of the Qing dynasty. Under the Ming dynasty government, he held the title of local chieftain (都指揮) in the Jianzhou district, and maintained relations with the Ming authorities up to the beginning of 1607. In that year, he joined Nurhaci in the campaign against Bujantai and the Ula tribe, receiving the title of ''darhan baturu''. However, as a result of disagreements with his brother over the conquest of the Hoifa and the killing of Hoifa's beile Baindari in 1607, he was put to death four years later at Nurhaci's order and buried in Dongjingling Township, Liaoyang. In 1653, he was posthumously given the rank of ''qinwang'' (first-rank prince) under the posthumous title Prince Zhuang of the First Rank. Physical appearance According to the account of Korean ambassadors, Šurhaci w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
