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Porrhothelidae
''Porrhothele'' is a genus of mygalomorph spiders endemic to New Zealand. They are the only members of the family Porrhothelidae. They were first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. Originally placed with the curtain web spiders, it was moved to the Hexathelidae in 1980, they were placed in their own family in 2018. Members of Porrhothelidae are distinguished from other mygalomorph spiders by the small posterior sigillae and a single row of teeth on the forward-facing margin of the chelicerae. Males have many strong spines on the forward-facing margin of their tibiae. Taxonomy The genus ''Porrhothele'' was erected by Eugène Simon in 1892 for the species '' Porrhothele antipodiana''. Simon transferred these from ''Mygale'', a genus previously used for many mygalomorph spiders, but is no longer in use. He placed this genus in the subfamily Diplurinae, which later became the family Dipluridae. Raven transferred the genus to Hexathelidae, where it remained until the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexathelidae
Hexathelidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders. It is one of a number of families and genera of spiders known as tunnelweb or funnel-web spiders. In 2018, the family was substantially reduced in size by genera being moved to three separate families: Atracidae, Macrothelidae and Porrhothelidae. Description These spiders are medium to large in size, with body lengths ranging from . The body is typically three times longer than it is wide. They are darkly colored, ranging from black to brown, with a glossy carapace covering the front part of the body. Like the related diplurid spiders, the hexathelids have generally long spinnerets. Their moderately long posterior spinnerets and other features make the Hexathelidae appear similar to the Dipluridae, and were considered a subfamily of the latter until 1980. Like other Mygalomorphae (also called the Orthognatha, an infraorder of spiders which includes the true tarantulas), these spiders have fangs which point straight down ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mygalomorphae Genera
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs. Description This group of spiders comprises mostly heavy-bodied, stout-legged spiders including tarantulas, Australian funnel-web spiders, mouse spiders, and various families of spiders commonly called trapdoor spiders. Like the " primitive" suborder of spiders Mesothelae, they have two pairs of book lungs, and downward-pointing chelicerae. Because of this, the two groups were once believed to be closely related. Later it was realised that the common ancestors of all spiders had these features (a state known as symplesiomorphy). Followin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs. Description This group of spiders comprises mostly heavy-bodied, stout-legged spiders including tarantulas, Australian funnel-web spiders, mouse spiders, and various families of spiders commonly called trapdoor spiders. Like the " primitive" suborder of spiders Mesothelae, they have two pairs of book lungs, and downward-pointing chelicerae. Because of this, the two groups were once believed to be closely related. Later it was realised that the common ancestors of all spiders had these features (a state known as symplesiomorphy). Following the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porrhothele Antipodiana
''Porrhothele antipodiana'', the black tunnelweb spider, is a species of Mygalomorphae, mygalomorph spider that lives in New Zealand. It is the most common and widespread of several species in the genus ''Porrhothele'', and is especially common in the greater Wellington region where the vagrant mature males are often encountered in or around dwellings. This species is one of New Zealand's most studied spiders. In New Zealand, the common name "tunnelweb spider" is also often used to refer to members of the genus ''Hexathele''. Neither should be confused with their distant relatives, the highly venomous Australian funnel-web spider, Australian funnel-web spiders (family Atracidae). Description In females, the carapace is usually orange-brown coloured, with some darker shading near the eyes. The legs and palps are also typically orange-brown, but are darker than the carapace. The chelicerae are reddish-brown to black. The Sternum (arthropod anatomy), sternum is a pale reddish brown. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrothelidae
Macrothelidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders, split off from the family Hexathelidae in 2018. It contains three genera, '' Macrothele,'' '' Vacrothele'' and the extinct '' Promacrothele.'' Genera *'' Macrothele'' Ausserer, 1871 Europe, Africa, Asia *'' Vacrothele'' Tang & Yang, 2022 China *'' Promacrothele'' Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. Th ..., Myanmar, mid Cretaceous. References Mygalomorphae Spider families {{Avicularioidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porrhothele Quadrigyna
''Porrhothele quadrigyna'' is a species of Mygalomorphae spider endemic to New Zealand. Taxonomy This species was described in 1968 by Ray Forster from numerous female specimens throughout the Northland region. The holotype is stored at Te Papa Museum under registration number AS.000094. Description This species has a stocky appearance. They are known to grow over 20mm in body length. The carapace and legs are blackish brown. The abdomen is brown with blotches. Distribution This species is found in the Northland region of New Zealand. It is also known to occur on Hen Island and Poor Knights Islands. Conservation status Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System The New Zealand Threat Classification System is used by the Department of Conservation to assess conservation priorities of species in New Zealand. The system was developed because the IUCN Red List, a similar conservation status system, had s ..., this species is listed as Not Threatened. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porrhothele Modesta
''Porrhothele modesta'' is a species of Mygalomorphae spider endemic to New Zealand. Taxonomy This species was described in 1968 by Ray Forster from female and male specimens from Waikaremoana. The holotype is stored at Canterbury Museum. Description This species has a stocky appearance. Females are known to grow around in body length. The carapace and legs are brown. The abdomen is uniform purple. The males are smaller, being around 16mm in length. The males differ with orange carapace colouration, abdomen brownish with chevron patterns and the first pair of legs with modifications typical of male ''Porrhothele''. Distribution This species is only known from Waikaremoana in New Zealand. Conservation status Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as Data Deficient. References Endemic spiders of New Zealand Spiders described in 1968 modesta ''Modesta'' is a 1956 short film that stars Antonia Hidalgo and Juan Ortiz Jiménez. P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porrhothele Moana
''Porrhothele moana'' is a species of Mygalomorphae spider endemic to New Zealand. Taxonomy This species was described in 1968 by Ray Forster from female and male specimens from Westland. The holotype is stored at Otago Museum. Description This species has a stocky appearance. Females are known to grow over 16mm in body length. The carapace and legs are brown. The abdomen is purple, sometimes with faint chevron patterns dorsally. The males are of roughly the same size and colour, but with modifications in the first pair of legs typical of male ''Porrhothele''. Distribution This species is only known from Westland in New Zealand. Conservation status Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System The New Zealand Threat Classification System is used by the Department of Conservation to assess conservation priorities of species in New Zealand. The system was developed because the IUCN Red List, a similar conservation status system, had s ..., this species is listed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond Robert Forster
Raymond Robert Forster (19 June 1922 – 1 July 2000) was a New Zealand arachnologist and museum director. He was a Fellow of The Entomological Society of New Zealand. Biography Forster was born in Hastings, New Zealand in 1922, and was educated at Victoria University College, gaining BSc, MSc(Hons) and DSc degrees. Forster was an entomologist at the National Museum in Wellington from 1940 to 1947, with an interruption for military service during World War II. Between 1942 and 1945 he served first in the army and then as a naval radar mechanic.Ray Forster obituary . International Society of Arachnology. Retrieved 14 February 2013. He was appointed zoologist and assistant director at Canterbury ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porrhothele Blanda
''Porrhothele blanda'' is a species of Mygalomorphae spider endemic to New Zealand. Taxonomy This species was described in 1968 by Ray Forster from male and female specimens in the northern South Island. The holotype is stored at Canterbury Museum. Description This species has a stocky appearance. Females are known to grow up to 18mm in body length. The carapace and legs are brown. The abdomen is purple with chevron patterns dorsally. Males are smaller, being recorded at 13.5mm in length. The males also have a darker first pair of legs and modifications typical of male ''Porrhothele''. Distribution This species is only known from Nelson and Marlborough Sounds of New Zealand. Conservation status Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as Not Threatened. References Endemic spiders of New Zealand Spiders described in 1968 blanda The Blanda () is a river in Iceland which flows northwards from the northwest side of the Hofsjök ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological Type (biology), type wiktionary:en:specimen, specimen (or specimens). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name with that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Actinopodidae
Actinopodidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders found in mainland Australia and South America usually in open forest. Species are most common in Queensland, Australia. It includes mouse spiders ('' Missulena'' species), whose bites, though rare, are considered medically significant and potentially dangerous. Description Actinopodidae has wider vision then most other Australian mygalomorphs and have a wide front to their carapace. Members of the family are stout black with species size varying from 10 mm-35 mm in length. Species have distinctively bulbous heads and jaw regions. They are oftentimes confused with funnel-web spiders. Depending on the species, the abdomen is black or dark blue with a light grey to white patch top. Legs are dark and may appear thin and the head is shiny black. Female of the family are stockier and larger. Burrow They live in soil covered burrows with a hinged top. Burrows can extent to a depth of 30 cm (12 inches). The purpose o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
